V članku predstavljamo 11 novih opažanj in literaturne podatke o pojavljanju navadne česnovke (Pelobates fuscus) v Podravju. Najdišča v Podravju pokrivajo severni rob areala navadne česnovke v dolini ...reke Drave. Novi podatki so z lokacij, kjer je bila navadna česnovka že najdena (Rački ribniki, Ormoške lagune), in tudi z novih lokacij (Podvinci, Kidričevo). Novi podatki nakazujejo, da je navadna česnovka v Podravju pogostejša, kot je veljalo doslej. V celotnem porečju Drave je še vedno precej drugih potencialno primernih okolij za navadno česnovko, kot so npr. mrtvice, glinokopi, ribniki in gramoznice.
The species' localities in the Podravje region constitute the northern edge of its range in the Drava river basin. There are many other potential well suited habitats for the common spadefoot, like ...oxbow lakes, gravel and clay pits, ponds and fishponds, in the Podravje region. Key words: common spadefoot, Pelobates fuscus, Drava River basin, Slovenia, Annex IV, Habitats Directive Uvod Navadna česnovka (Pelobates fuscus) sodi med najbolj redke vrste dvoživk v Sloveniji, razmeroma pogosta je le ob reki Muri (Cipot 2005). Vogrin N. (1997a): Amphibians and reptiles in gravel and clay pits on Dravsko polje (NE Slovenia).
Dr Martin Schneider-Jacoby was a man of immense span, unusual strength, ascetic needs and pure, razor sharp thoughts. He transported, for example, nest boxes for the Roller across the entire Balkans, ...placed them in Ulcinj saltpans, and then attended a meeting with the President of the country. He counselled the World Bank and on the same day helped, at the flooded pastures of Lonjsko polje, to herd domestic animals at these pastures, without which the Spoonbills could not have possibly survived. In the Buna delta he talked to shepherds about how to prevent hunting in the pastures, where colonial waterbirds feed massively and where thousands of waders stop to rest, while only half an hour later he began to delineate the future Ramsar site together with the highest state representatives in Shkodra.
Sabine's Gull Xema sabini breeds exclusively in high arctic zones in the northern hemisphere. While most of the breeding population is concentrated in the Nearctic zone of North America, the ...Palearctic breeders show a scattered distribution over eastern Siberia, Greenland and irregular breeding pairs on Svalbard. Details of their migration north are less clear. Most of the birds leave their African wintering grounds in March/April, but they seem to take a different, more direct route in spring: observations along the West African coast in April and May suggest that Sabine's Gulls do not follow the coastline up to Western Europe in spring. Instead, they only seem to fly to Mauritania and Morocco, where they change their flight direction towards the north-west to continue directly to their breeding grounds. The discovery of a putative 2nd summer Sabine's Gull is reported.
This list includes probably more than 90% of all the material containing data on birds of the Republic of Macedonia. This time, the references in their original language are presented, with (C) ...denoting that the original work was published in Cyrillic alphabet. 268 references depict Macedonian ornithology and its history, showing its ups and downs at the same time. The references presented herewith are for information purposes only. As no complete information has been at hand for certain references, some mistakes are possible. The last update was made on 14 Dec 2011. Online version of this review is available on the web page of the Macedonian Ecological Society) where it is regularly updated. You are kindly requested to report on all possible/necessary corrections, supplements or new references that embrace original data on birds of Macedonia, to the authors. The next step to be made in the ensuing years is preparation of the authors' and species' index, key words and list of localities (regions).
From March 27th to 30th 2016, waterbirds and raptors were counted at six saltwater and freshwater wetlands of Pag Island. In total, 803 ha were closely examined and 50 waterbird and raptor species ...with 2,190 individuals counted within the area. A total of 17 hours and 40 minutes (Table 1) were spent for this purpose, with the average observation intensity of 1.3 minutes per hectare. The most abundant among them was the Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis with 1,118 individuals, followed by Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola with 369 and Coot Fulica atra with 146 individuals. 21 breeding species were registered, their population sizes estimated and status given (Table 2). In comparison with the national population sizes (Tutiš et al. 2013), the following three species: Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus (17-31%), Stone Curlew Burhinus oedicnemus (>5-7%) and Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus (64%) form a significant share of the Croatian national population concentrated on Pag Island. Of special relevance are the breeding Lapwing Vanellus vanellus (the only nest-site of this species on the islands of the Eastern Adriatic) and Shelduck Tadorna tadorna (the first documented breeding in Croatia). On the other hand, the low number of species and the actual number of raptors is a cause for serious concern.
The presence of sheep in the wetlands with the highest number and the greatest diversity of waterbirds (Table 1) was quite indicative. In the future, the greatest possible attention should be dedicated to sheep grazing in marshy habitats, in order to retain the character
of these internationally unknown and therefore nationally underestimated insular rest areas for birds migrating along the Adriatic Flyway. It is implicit that the significance of Pag Island for waterbirds during their spring migration is thoroughly investigated on the basis of turnover.
Identification of the Important Bird Areas (IBAs) is an initiative implemented by BirdLife International at the global level, aiming to conserve a network of sites that are particularly important for ...the conservation of birds. With the changed conservation status of some species and increased information on the distribution and population sizes of birds in Macedonia in general, a revision of the IBA network was needed to update previous inventories for this country, published in 1989 and 2000. As the bird fauna of the Republic of Macedonia ranks among the least known in Europe, and as data on many species, notably passerines, are still largely missing, the inventory is mainly based on some threatened or rare birds of prey and a few other larger species, yet characteristic of the Macedonian landscape. Data used were collected in the course of different dedicated studies and projects carried out after 2000. Out of 314 species so far registered in Macedonia, 114 regularly occurring species have currently unfavourable conservation status in Europe, 84 of which breed or possibly breed in the country. Several criteria for the selection of IBAs of global (A criterion) and European importance (B criterion) developed by BirdLife International were used for sites selection, taking into consideration species of global conservation concern (A1), biome-restricted species (A3), important congregations (A4, B1) and species with an unfavourable conservation status (B2) or concentrated (B3) in Europe. Species of global conservation concern used for site identification include the Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus, considered Endangered (EN) at the global level according to the latest IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus and Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca (both Vulnerable - VU), and Roller Coracias garrulus and Semicollared Flycatcher Ficedula semitorquata (both Near Threatened - NT). Furthermore, species assemblages characteristic as occurring mostly or entirely within a Eurasian high-montane or Mediterranean biome are found in Macedonia. Important congregations of non-breeding waterbirds with at least 1% of global or biogeographic populations of individual species occur on all three large lakes in the country, some of them (e.g. Dalmatian Pelican, Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina) in very large numbers, surpassing the 1% threshold by more than tenfold. In total, 25 species regularly occurring in the breeding season, for which the site protection approach is thought to be appropriate in Macedonia, were used for the selection of sites of European importance. Site boundaries were drawn following distinct natural features or isohypses to include breeding sites and foraging areas of triggering species, and, for Imperial Eagle and Egyptian Vulture also former breeding sites back to 1991, taking into consideration their habitat requirements, land-use and management needs. The resulting IBA list numbers 24 sites, covering 6,907 km2 or 26.9% of the entire territory of Macedonia: (1) Šar Planina Mountain, (2) River Radika Catchment, (3) Lake Ohrid, (4) Lake Prespa, (5) Demir Kapija Gorge, (6) Lake Dojran, (7) Zletovska River Valley, (8) Tikveš Region, (9) Pčinja - Petrošnica - Kriva Reka Rivers, (10) Preod - Gjugjance, (11) Osogovo Mountains, (12) Jakupica Mountain, (13) Taor Gorge, (14) Ovče Pole, (15) Topolka - Babuna - Bregalnica Rivers, (16) Gradsko - Rosoman - Negotino, (17) Lake Mantovo and Kriva Lakavica River, (18) Raec River Valley, (19) Pelagonia, (20) Mariovo, (21) Lake Tikveš, (22) Bošavija, (23) Kočani Rice Fields, and (24) Lower Vardar. With the exception of three sites occupying the highest parts of the large mountain massifs in NW and central parts of Macedonia, and the lakes Ohrid and Prespa, sites are concentrated mostly in central hilly and lowland parts of the country, comprising breeding areas of species of global conservation concern. The percentage of territory covered by the IBAs in Macedonia is relatively high compared to the total European average but comparable to several countries in SE parts of Europe. The size of separate IBAs ranges from 25 km2 (Taor Gorge) to 1,136 km2 (Pelagonia) and number of triggering species per site from one (Bošavija, Kočani Rice Fields) to 17 (Pčinja - Petrošnica - Kriva Reka Rivers). 22 sites trigger some of the criteria of global importance - three sites (Lakes Ohrid, Prespa and Dojran) meet A4 criterion, eight sites hold significant populations of species characteristic of the Mediterranean biome, while three other sites sustain significant populations characteristic of the European high-montane biome. Species of global conservation concern are included as follows: Egyptian Vulture on 13 sites, Imperial Eagle on 7, Dalmatian Pelican and Saker Falcon Falco cherrug on 2, Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca on 3, Roller Coracias garrulus on 10, Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus on 3 sites, and Semi-collared Flycatcher on 1 site. Individual triggering species for sites of European importance are represented on 2-15 sites. The IBA network includes 80-100% of the national populations of the globally threatened species, while the coverage of other species vary between 5% and 100%, being over 40% in great majority of species. Non-irrigated arable land and transitional woodland-shrub are dominant land-cover types, jointly covering 32% of the total IBA surface area. Abandonment of traditional pastoral system, resulting in decrease of the livestock numbers and overgrowing as well as trapping, poisoning and poaching, are considered the most serious threats for triggering species, particularly the Egyptian Vulture and Imperial Eagle, being classified as high on no less than 11 sites, respectively. The national legal protection of the sites is incomplete, being either only partial or with inadequate conservation measures adopted, or, many sites still lack any form of legal protection. With about 21% of the National protected area network overlapping with the IBAs, the existing protected area system is thus insufficient for conservation of most priority species. Notably underrepresented are the regions in the lower parts of the country with the highest number of species of global conservation concern.
Mednarodno pomembna območja za ptice globalnega in evropskega pomena v Makedoniji
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