In this study, we examine whether socioemotional skills have become more important in the labor market within the past 14 years. To this end, we analyze data from a unique dataset on recent graduates ...from Dutch professional colleges (
N
= 67,000). Two different indicators of skill change are investigated, namely changes in the skill level required in the labor market and changes in the wage returns to these skills. The results indicate that socioemotional skills related to knowledge and innovation such as logical reasoning and information gathering, as well as skills related to working to plan and collaboration, have undergone a significant increase in terms of labor market requirements. We also observe an increase in the required level of the work-related skills digital literacy and occupation-specific knowledge. However, significant increases in wage returns are only observed for socioemotional skills related to knowledge and innovation. The labor market importance of socioemotional skills appears to be only modestly affected by business cycle effects.
If securely attached individuals typically exhibit more desirable attributes, can insecure individuals be perceived positively when working in teams despite their interpersonal disadvantages? In an ...exploratory study, using both a vignette based experimental research design (
= 636) and a round-robin study of professionals working on a team task for nine consecutive weeks (
= 648), we examined the evolving impressions of insecurely attached individuals over time. We find that while anxiously attached individuals are perceived more positively in initial interactions, this initial positive effect for anxious attachment disappeared over time as individuals within teams gained more relational knowledge about their team members. We also found a stable and negative effect of avoidant attachment. We discuss possible reasons for the temporal underpinnings of this effect and compare our findings to previous literature.
A BSTRACT Purpose: The aim of the in vitro study was to compare the internal merge and marginal perfection of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) crowns under a ...stereomicroscope. Methods: All-ceramic preparation is done on the maxillary first premolar which is mounted on the wax block which was scanned using 3Shape scanner and duplicated into 30 acrylic CAD/CAM dies ( n = 15) for the placement of PEEK and PEKK crowns. The YENADENT milling system was used to fabricate 15 samples from Group A PEEK crowns and to fabricate 15 samples from Group B PEKK crowns. According to the manufacturer’s instructions, an equal amount of the dual-cure resin luting agent (Rely X U200 Self-Adhesive resin, 3M, Germany) was dispensed on the mixing pad before being mixed with cement and painted on the internal surfaces of the copings with the finger pressure crowns which were luted. The values were then analyzed using one-way ANOVA (post hoc) followed by Dunnett’s t -test. Results: Among those two groups, PEEK group materials showed the lowest mean value of (28.73.3 ± 4.01) for marginal fit and (26.72 ± 2.53) for internal gap, whereas PEKK group showed a mean value of (32.85 ± 4.63) and (33.06 ± 4.14), respectively. Conclusion: Among these two groups, comparatively less marginal fit and internal adaptation is seen in PEKK when compared to the PEEK crowns. While the marginal fit and internal adaptation of both PEEK and PEKK copings were in acceptable clinical range.
Indigenous people living in the Circumpolar North rely, to varying degrees, on the natural environment and the resources it provides for their lifestyle and livelihoods. As a consequence, these ...Northern Indigenous peoples may be more sensitive to global climate change, which has implications for food security, cultural practices, and health and well-being. To date, most research on the human dimensions of climate change in the Circumpolar North has focused on biophysical issues and their consequences, such as changing sea ice regimes affecting travel to hunting grounds or the effects of melting permafrost on built infrastructure. Less is known about how these changes in the environment affect mental health and well-being. In this paper, we build upon existing research, combined with our community-based research and professional mental health practices, to outline some pathways and mechanisms through which climate change may adversely impact mental health and well-being in the Circumpolar North. Our analysis indicates that mental health may be affected by climate change due to changes to land, ice, snow, weather, and sense of place; impacts to physical health; damage to infrastructure; indirect impacts via media, research, and policy; and through the compounding of existing stress and distress. We argue that climate change is likely an emerging mental health challenge for Circumpolar Indigenous populations and efforts to respond through research, policy, and mental health programming should be a priority. We conclude by identifying next steps in research, outlining points for policy, and calling for additional mental health resources that are locally responsive and culturally relevant.
This paper updates our previous analyses of the evidence for the timing of human arrival in Sahul. It reviews advances in dating technologies, summarises new data for sites published a decade ago or ...earlier, and examines the evidence from sites published since 2004. Extensions in time for first arrival can be attributed to improvements in both luminescence and radiocarbon dating techniques and especially the refinement of
14
C calibration. The similarity of the ages of the earliest dates and their consistency with data from eastern Asia and Wallacea suggests that the discipline has now defined an event horizon that places first colonisation near but somewhere short of 50,000 years ago.
Background: Fracture of the denture base is a common problem associated with dental prostheses. Fractured denture base surfaces treated with chemical agents and mechanical features have the potential ...for improved bond strength. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment on the shear bond strength of heat-cured denture base with different repair acrylic resins. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 circular specimens (2-cm diameter × 3.3-mm thickness) were fabricated from heat-cured denture resins (DPI) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The heat-cured denture base acrylic resin specimens were divided into two groups: In group 1, auto-polymerizing acrylic resin (DPI) was used as a repair resin, and in group 2, light-cured acrylic resin (VLC) was used as the repair resin. Further, the heat-cured denture base acrylic resin specimens were subdivided into five subgroups. The shear bond strength (in megapascal) was measured in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1mm/min. The results were subjected for statistical analysis. Result: Comparison of mean and standard deviation of shear bond strength between DPI and VLC group using one-way analysis of variance showed that the mean shear bond strength of DPI group is higher than that of VLC group. Conclusion: From the study, heat-cured denture base specimens repaired with auto-polymerizing repair resin showed higher mean shear bond strength than the visible light cure resin material.
In the Australian winter of 1886 William Naish, a shearer in summer and a fencing contractor in the winter, erected a farm fence along Dalrymple Creek on East Talgai Station, c.125 km southwest of ...Brisbane. Work was interrupted by six days of torrential rain. On returning to the site Naish found that the rain had extended an erosion channel which he now had to cross walking to work, and from the extended section he retrieved a skull, heavily encrusted in carbonate, but clearly of human origin. Although it would take three decades to recognise and a further five to confirm, Naish had discovered the first direct proof of the Pleistocene antiquity of humans in Australia. Details of this history of Talgai are taken principally and extensively from Macintosh (1963, 1965, 1967a, 1967b, 1969), Elkin (1978), Gill (1978) and Langham (1978).
ABSTRACT
The questions of when and how humans reached Sahul, the Pleistocene continent of Australia and New Guinea, has remained a central issue of Australian archaeology since its development as an ...academic discipline in the mid‐twentieth century. Modelling this event has persistently appealed to minimal assumptions – the simplest watercraft, the shortest routes, the smallest viable colonising groups. This paper argues that Australian archaeology can no longer ignore the way our understanding of this initial colonisation is being reshaped by current genomic research. It reviews this evidence and concludes that a colonising wave of hundreds or perhaps low thousands of people was involved. If correct, it suggests that we need to rethink our models, modify or discard the minimalist assumptions that have so far driven them and consider how this different paradigm affects our understanding of early settlement in Sahul.
Résumé
La question de savoir quand et comment les hommes ont atteint Sahul, le continent pléistocène regroupant l'Australie et la Nouvelle‐Guinée, persiste comme une problématique centrale de l'archéologie australienne depuis son essor en tant que discipline universitaire au milieu du vingtième siècle. La modélisation de cet événement s'est appuyée de façon récurrente sur des présupposés minimalistes, impliquant les moyens de navigation les plus simples, les routes les plus courtes, les groupes de colonisation viable les plus restreints. Ce papier soutient que l'archéologie australienne ne peut plus ignorer combien notre compréhension de ce peuplement initial se trouve aujourd'hui redéfinie par la recherche génomique en cours. Il passe en revue les données et conclue que plusieurs centaines ou quelques milliers de personnes ont participé à cette vague de peuplement. Si cette hypothèse est correcte, elle implique que nous repensions nos modèles, que nous modifiions ou abandonnions les présupposés minimalistes qui ont jusqu’à présent défini ceux‐ci et que nous analysions comment ce nouveau paradigme influence notre compréhension du premier peuplement de Sahul.
The questions of when and how humans reached Sahul, the Pleistocene continent of Australia and New Guinea, has remained a central issue of Australian archaeology since its development as an academic discipline in the mid‐twentieth century. Modelling this event has persistently appealed to minimal assumptions – the simplest watercraft, the shortest routes, the smallest viable colonising groups. This paper argues that Australian archaeology can no longer ignore the way our understanding of this initial colonisation is being reshaped by current genomic research. It reviews this evidence and concludes that a colonising wave of hundreds or perhaps low thousands of people was involved. If correct, it suggests that we need to rethink our models, modify or discard the minimalist assumptions that have so far driven them and consider how this different paradigm affects our understanding of early settlement in Sahul.
Higher education in the Netherlands has expanded rapidly in the last two decades, giving rise to concerns about possible negative effects on educational quality and the labour market value of a ...higher education degree. In this paper, we use data from national graduate surveys and adult literacy surveys to explore this. While no evidence was found for a negative effect of the HE expansion on graduate skill levels or unemployment risk, real graduate earnings have decreased over the past two decades relative to those of post-secondary non-tertiary graduates. This does not seem to have been driven by a shift of HE graduates into non-graduate occupations, but rather by a general decline in relative earnings in jobs at all levels. Finally, the more adverse effects of the expansion were particularly apparent for graduates with lower grades, women and graduates with a non-western migration background. These findings indicate that, despite relatively low unemployment, the HE labour market is increasingly becoming a buyers' market. In this market, graduates with attributes that buyers want - males, native Dutch graduates, high-performers - emerge as relative winners of the educational expansion.
Elsewhere we have developed a speculative model of the early human colonisation of Sahul (Pleistocene Australia-New Guinea). Here we elaborate it, using theory from behavioural ecology, and data from ...palaeoclimatology and modern hunter-gatherer ethnography. We argue that colonisers focused mainly on coastal ecotones while crossing Wallacea, but spread more widely across favourable habitats after landing on Sahul. Movement was archaeologically instantaneous, driven primarily by serial depletion of high-ranked prey. Human populations subsequently remained far smaller than sometimes imagined, probably because of difficult climatic and environmental conditions. Archaeological data are generally consistent with these expectations. These findings challenge the frequent assertion that human colonisation alone led to significant changes in Sahul ecology, and may help explain the simplicity of its Pleistocene lithic technology.
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