Inulin is a food ingredient that belongs to a class of carbohydrates known as fructans. Nutritionally it has functional properties and health-promoting effects that include reduced calorie value, ...dietary fiber and prebiotic effects. Inulin is increasingly used in industrially processed dairy and non-dairy products because it is a bulking agent for use in fat replacement, textural modification and organoleptic improvement. Addition of inulin to different kinds of cheese can be beneficial in the manufacture of a reduced- or low-fat, texturized, symbiotic product. This paper gives an overview of some aspects of the microstructural, textural, rheological, prebiotic and sensorial effects of inulin incorporated in cheese as fat replacer, prebiotic and texture modifier.
Scopus is among the largest curated abstract and citation databases, with a wide global and regional coverage of scientific journals, conference proceedings, and books, while ensuring only the ...highest quality data are indexed through rigorous content selection and re-evaluation by an independent Content Selection and Advisory Board. Additionally, extensive quality assurance processes continuously monitor and improve all data elements in Scopus. Besides enriched metadata records of scientific articles, Scopus offers comprehensive author and institution profiles, obtained from advanced profiling algorithms and manual curation, ensuring high precision and recall. The trustworthiness of Scopus has led to its use as bibliometric data source for large-scale analyses in research assessments, research landscape studies, science policy evaluations, and university rankings. Scopus data have been offered for free for selected studies by the academic research community, such as through application programming interfaces, which have led to many publications employing Scopus data to investigate topics such as researcher mobility, network visualizations, and spatial bibliometrics. In June 2019, the International Center for the Study of Research was launched, with an advisory board consisting of bibliometricians, aiming to work with the scientometric research community and offering a virtual laboratory where researchers will be able to utilize Scopus data.
This study deals with the design of a robust fault estimation and fault-tolerant control for vehicle lateral dynamics subject to external disturbance and unknown sensor faults. Firstly, a descriptor ...state and fault observer is designed to achieve the system state and sensor fault estimates simultaneously. Secondly, based on the information of on-line fault estimates, a robust fault-tolerant controller based on static output-feedback controller (SOFC) design approach is developed. To provide linear matrix inequalities of less conservatism, the results are conducted in the non-quadratic framework dealing with unmeasurable premise variables case. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control approach when the vehicle road adhesion conditions change and the sideslip angle is unavailable for measurement.
Biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and osteogenesis properties of three‐dimensional scaffolds are critical for bone tissue engineering. In addition, reactive oxygen species accumulate around bone ...defects and limit the activities of surrounding cells and bone formation. Therefore, the presence of an antioxidant in a bone tissue scaffold is also essential to address this issue. This study aimed to evaluate a composite nanofibrous scaffold similar to the natural extracellular matrix with antioxidant and osteogenic properties. To this end, polylactic acid (PLA)/organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT)/resveratrol (RSV) nanofibers were fabricated using the electrospinning method and characterized. RSV was used as an antioxidant, which promotes osteogenic differentiation, and OMMT was used as a mineral phase to increase the mechanical strength and control the release of RSV. The scaffolds' antioxidant activity was measured using DPPH assay and found 83.75% for PLA/OMMT/RSV nanofibers. The mechanical strength was increased by adding OMMT to the neat PLA. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds was investigated using an MTT assay, and the results did not show any toxic effects on human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs). Moreover, the Live/Dead assay indicated the appropriate distribution of live cells after 5 days. Cell culture results displayed that hASCs could adhere and spread on the surface of composite nanofibers. Meanwhile, the level of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and osteopontin was increased for hASCs cultured on the PLA/OMMT/RSV nanofibrous scaffold. Therefore, this study concludes that the RSV‐loaded composite nanofibers with antioxidant and osteogenesis properties and appropriate mechanical strength can be introduced for bone tissue regeneration applications.
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•Efficient &binder-free prickly nickel nanostructured/graphene is made for electrocatalytic HER.•Surface analysis showed that PNiNS wrapped in RGONs was pinned into Cu-Nifpl by ...prickles.•Nanocomposite exposed excellent stability & electrocatalytic activity, b=43mV/dec, η20=−57mV.•Increased activity comes partially from improved surface roughness & mainly synergetic effect.
Non-precious metal electrocatalysts with high activity towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are desirable regarding renewable energy devices such as fuel cells and water electrolysis. However, fabrication of new materials for this purpose remains a main challenge. Here, a binder-free nanocomposite, prickly nickel nanostructured/reduced graphene oxide nanosheets, is constructed via electroless-deposition on cupper surface covered with a fresh prelayer of nickel (Cu-Nifpl-PNiNS/RGONs) for the first time. Then, the fabricated system is tested successfully for the HER in alkaline solutions. Structure and activity of the composite are characterized quantitatively by surface techniques and electrochemical methods. The results show that the hedgehog-like prickly nickel nanostructures wrapped in the RGONs cloth are formed, pinning the PNiNS/RGONs into the Cu-Nifpl surface, resulting in exceptional stability and activity for the Cu-Nifpl-PNiNS/RGONs system. In effect, the composite has shown excellent structural stability against disintegration by ultrasound waves; and electrocatalytic activity towards the HER as η20=−57mV, Tafel slope=−43mV dec−1 and j0=1.05mAcm−2, quite close to −22mV, −40mV dec−1 and 5.88mAcm−2, obtained in the same conditions for commercial Pt/C, respectively. The remarkable increase in electrocatalytic activity was found to be originated partially from increase in the surface roughness and mainly from synergetic chemical coupling effects between PNiNS and RGONs.
The authors describe an ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) based aptasensor for myoglobin, a biomarker for the early diagnosis of heart attack (myocardial infarction). A nanocomposite was ...prepared from reduced graphene oxide, ruthenium(II)-tris(2,2- bipyridyl), samarium oxide and chitosan and placed on the surface of a ccreen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The aptamer was immobilized via electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged aptamer and the positively charged nanocomposite which represents a remarkable immobilization platform. In the absence of myoglobin, the ECL signal of the ruthenium complex (generated at 1.2 V and peaking at 530 nm is weak. In the presence of myoglobin, a remarkable increase in ECL is observed due to the formation of the aptamer-myoglobin complex and the corresponding release of the labeled aptamercomplex from the surface. The response of the sensor is linear in the 0.05 to 25 nM myoglobin concentration range, with a 12 pM detection limit (at an S/N ratio of 3). The assay was successfully applied to the determination of myoglobin in spiked human serum and human urine samples where it gave recoveries that ranged from 96 to 105%, and from 95 to 103.7%, respectively."
Graphical abstract
An ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor based on nanocomposite of reduced graphene oxide, ruthenium(II)-tris(2,2- bipyridyl), samarium oxide and chitosan was constructed for detection of myoglobin biomarker.
A novel ultrasensitive sensing system for the rapid detection of cytochrome
c
(Cyt C) was developed on the basis of an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method. A nanocomposite biosensor was made of ...reduced graphene oxide decorated with cerium oxide/tris(2,2-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)/chitosan (CeO
2
NPs-RGO/ Ru(bpy)
3
2+
/CHIT) and used for this purpose. The ECL signal was produced by an electrochemical interaction between Ru(bpy)
3
2+
and tripropyl amine (TPA) on the surface of the electrode. Addition of Cyt C to the solution decreases the ECL signal due to its affinity for TPA and inhibition of its reaction with Ru(bpy)
3
2+
. The effects of the amount of CeO
2
NPs-RGO, Ru(bpy)
3
2+
, TPA concentration as a co-reactant, and the pH of the electrolyte solution on the ECL signal intensity were studied and optimized. The results showed that the method was fast, reproducible, sensitive, and stable for the detection of Cyt C. The method has a linear range from 2.5 nM to 2 μM (
R
2
= 0.995) with a detection limit of 0.7 nM. Finally, the proposed biosensor was used for the determination of Cyt C in human serum samples with RSDs of 1.8–3.6 %. The results demonstrate that this solid-state ECL quenching biosensor has high sensitivity, selectivity, and good stability.
Graphical Abstract
A novel solid-state electrochemiluminescence sensor for detection of cytochrome C based on Ceria Nanoparticles Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite
In this paper, the delay-dependent H∞ filtering problem for a class of continuous-time Markovian jump linear systems with time-varying delay and partially accessible mode information is investigated ...by an indirect approach. The generality lies in that the systems under consideration are subject to a Markov stochastic process with exactly known and partially unknown transition rates. By utilizing the model transformation idea, an input–output approach is employed to transform the time-delayed filtering error system into a feedback interconnection formulation. Invoking the results from the scaled small gain theorem, an improved version of bounded real lemma is obtained based on a Markovian Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. The underlying full-order and reduced-order H∞ filtering synthesis problems are formulated by a linearization technique. Via solving a set of linear matrix inequalities, the desired filters can therefore be constructed. The results developed in this paper are less conservative than existing ones in the literature, which are illustrated by two simulation examples.
Oxygen‐generating biomaterials have led to promising results in biomedical applications. Yet, the characteristics of these biomaterials need to meet the requirements of a specific application in ...order to be successful. In this study, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used as the oxygen‐generating substance, and poly (l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) microparticles loaded with polyvinylpyrrolidone/hydrogen peroxide (PVP/H2O2) mixture were prepared using water‐in‐oil‐in‐water double emulsion technique. The experiments were carried out based on full factorial design where the impacts of PLLA concentration, H2O2:PVP molar ratio, and H2O2:organic phase volume ratio on microparticles' properties, including size, encapsulation efficiency, loading content, and percentage of initial burst release were assessed. Individual and multioptimization of responses were performed on the experimental data gained in the current study to investigate the effect of process parameters on the responses and fit the suitable model corresponding to the main and interactive effects. Recording both the H2O2 and O2 release of microparticles revealed that these profiles are also influenced by process variables, PLLA concentration in particular. These results enable accurate selection of optimal process variables for the fabrication of oxygen‐releasing PLLA microparticles with desirable characteristics for a wide variety of applications.
Hydrochlorothiazide/triamterene, also known as co-triamterzide, is a combination medication of hydrochlorothiazide and triamterene. It is used to treat high blood pressure and swelling. Specifically ...it is used in those who develop low blood potassium when on only hydrochlorothiazide. Due to side effect, their measuring is very important. This report introduces a new sensor based on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrid nanocomposite for electrochemical determination of triamterene (TRM) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) simultaneously. Impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for electrode modification process. The differential pulse stripping voltammetric (DPSV) responses of HCT and TRM were in linear with their concentrations, ranging from 0.5 to120 μM and 1.5 to 120μM respectively with correlation coefficients >0.99. The synergistic influence of MWNTs and graphene contributes to the excellent performance for the sensor, in simultaneous determination of HCT and TRM in pharmaceutical combinations.
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