An argument for putting sentiment aside and maximizing the practical impact of our donated dollars: "Powerful, provocative" (Nicholas Kristof, The New York Times ). Peter Singer's books and ideas ...have been disturbing our complacency ever since the appearance of Animal Liberation. Now he directs our attention to a challenging new movement in which his own ideas have played a crucial role: effective altruism. Effective altruism is built upon the simple but profoundly unsettling idea that living a fully ethical life involves doing the "most good you can do." Such a life requires a rigorously unsentimental view of charitable giving: to be a worthy recipient of our support, an organization must be able to demonstrate that it will do more good with our money or our time than other options open to us. Singer introduces us to an array of remarkable people who are restructuring their lives in accordance with these ideas, and shows how, paradoxically, living altruistically often leads to greater personal fulfillment than living for oneself. Doing the Most Good develops the challenges Singer has made, in the New York Times and Washington Post, to those who donate to the arts, and to charities focused on helping our fellow citizens, rather than those for whom we can do the most good. Effective altruists are extending our knowledge of the possibilities of living less selfishly, and of allowing reason, rather than emotion, to determine how we live. Doing the Most Good offers new hope for our ability to tackle the world's most pressing problems.
Known for his original and courageous thinking on matters ranging from the treatment of animals to genetic screening, Peter Singer now turns his attention to the ethical issues surrounding ...globalization. In this provocative book, he challenges us to think beyond the boundaries of nation-states and consider what a global ethic could mean in today's world. Singer raises novel questions about such an ethic and, more important, he provides illuminating and practical answers. The book encompasses four main global issues: climate change, the role of the World Trade Organization, human rights and humanitarian intervention, and foreign aid. Singer addresses each vital issue from an ethical perspective and offers alternatives to the state-centric approach that characterizes international theory and relations today. Posing a bold challenge to narrow or nationalistic views, Singer presents a realistic, new way of looking at contemporary global issues-through a prism of ethics.
For more than thirty years, in most of the world, the irreversible cessation of all brain function, more commonly known as brain death, has been accepted as a criterion of death. Yet the ...philosophical basis on which this understanding of death was originally grounded has been undermined by the long-term maintenance of bodily functions in brain dead patients. More recently, the American case of Jahi McMath has cast doubt on whether the standard tests for diagnosing brain death exclude a condition in which the patient is not dead, but in a minimally conscious state. I argue that the evidence now clearly shows that brain death is not equivalent to the death of the human organism. We therefore face a choice: either we stop removing vital organs from brain dead patients, or we accept that it is not wrong to kill an innocent human who has irreversibly lost consciousness.
Hypothyroidism has multiple etiologies and manifestations. Appropriate treatment requires an accurate diagnosis and is influenced by coexisting medical conditions. This paper describes evidence-based ...clinical guidelines for the clinical management of hypothyroidism in ambulatory patients.
The development of these guidelines was commissioned by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) in association with American Thyroid Association (ATA). AACE and the ATA assembled a task force of expert clinicians who authored this article. The authors examined relevant literature and took an evidence-based medicine approach that incorporated their knowledge and experience to develop a series of specific recommendations and the rationale for these recommendations. The strength of the recommendations and the quality of evidence supporting each was rated according to the approach outlined in the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Protocol for Standardized Production of Clinical Guidelines-2010 update.
Topics addressed include the etiology, epidemiology, clinical and laboratory evaluation, management, and consequences of hypothyroidism. Screening, treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism, pregnancy, and areas for future research are also covered.
Fifty-two evidence-based recommendations and subrecommendations were developed to aid in the care of patients with hypothyroidism and to share what the authors believe is current, rational, and optimal medical practice for the diagnosis and care of hypothyroidism. A serum thyrotropin is the single best screening test for primary thyroid dysfunction for the vast majority of outpatient clinical situations. The standard treatment is replacement with L-thyroxine. The decision to treat subclinical hypothyroidism when the serum thyrotropin is less than 10 mIU/L should be tailored to the individual patient.
Hypothyroidism has multiple etiologies and manifestations. Appropriate treatment requires an accurate diagnosis and is influenced by coexisting medical conditions. This paper describes evidence-based ...clinical guidelines for the clinical management of hypothyroidism in ambulatory patients.
The development of these guidelines was commissioned by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) in association with American Thyroid Association (ATA). AACE and the ATA assembled a task force of expert clinicians who authored this article. The authors examined relevant literature and took an evidence-based medicine approach that incorporated their knowledge and experience to develop a series of specific recommendations and the rationale for these recommendations. The strength of the recommendations and the quality of evidence supporting each was rated according to the approach outlined in the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Protocol for Standardized Production of Clinical Guidelines-2010 update.
Topics addressed include the etiology, epidemiology, clinical and laboratory evaluation, management, and consequences of hypothyroidism. Screening, treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism, pregnancy, and areas for future research are also covered.
Fifty-two evidence-based recommendations and subrecommendations were developed to aid in the care of patients with hypothyroidism and to share what the authors believe is current, rational, and optimal medical practice for the diagnosis and care of hypothyroidism. A serum thyrotropin is the single best screening test for primary thyroid dysfunction for the vast majority of outpatient clinical situations. The standard treatment is replacement with L-thyroxine. The decision to treat subclinical hypothyroidism when the serum thyrotropin is less than 10 mIU/L should be tailored to the individual patient.
The sustainability of healthcare systems worldwide is threatened by a growing demand for services and expensive innovative technologies. Decision makers struggle in this environment to set priorities ...appropriately, particularly because they lack consensus about which values should guide their decisions. One way to approach this problem is to determine what all relevant stakeholders understand successful priority setting to mean. The goal of this research was to develop a conceptual framework for successful priority setting.
Three separate empirical studies were completed using qualitative data collection methods (one-on-one interviews with healthcare decision makers from across Canada; focus groups with representation of patients, caregivers and policy makers; and Delphi study including scholars and decision makers from five countries).
This paper synthesizes the findings from three studies into a framework of ten separate but interconnected elements germane to successful priority setting: stakeholder understanding, shifted priorities/reallocation of resources, decision making quality, stakeholder acceptance and satisfaction, positive externalities, stakeholder engagement, use of explicit process, information management, consideration of values and context, and revision or appeals mechanism.
The ten elements specify both quantitative and qualitative dimensions of priority setting and relate to both process and outcome components. To our knowledge, this is the first framework that describes successful priority setting. The ten elements identified in this research provide guidance for decision makers and a common language to discuss priority setting success and work toward improving priority setting efforts.
My recent article, “The challenge of brain death for the sanctity of life ethic” (
), 2018, 8 (3–4), pp. 153–165) elicited five commentaries. In this brief response, I clarify my own position in the ...light of some misunderstandings, and discuss whether the definition of death is best thought of as an ethical question, or as a matter of fact. I also comment on the suggestion that we should allow people to choose the criteria by which they wish their own death to be determined, or their organs removed to be donated to others.
En esta breve introducción el renombrado filósofo Peter Singer expone la visión central que unifica el pensamiento de Marx y nos permite entender su punto de vista como un todo. Presentándolo como un ...filósofo principalmente preocupado por la libertad humana, en lugar de como un economista o un científico social, Singer consigue explicar ideas clave de Marx, como la alienación, el materialismo histórico o la teoría económica del capital, en un lenguaje sencillo.En estas páginas, Singer explora si las concepciones de Marx siguen siendo relevantes en el siglo XXI. ¿El hecho de que las ocho personas más ricas del planeta posean tanto como la mitad de la población mundial vendría a confirmar la óptica marxista? ¿La facilidad con que los políticos conservadores pueden ganarse los votos de la clase trabajadora apelando al nacionalismo socavaría su visión de la lucha de clases y la inevitable victoria final del proletariado? Singer reflexiona aquí sobre cuestiones cruciales como estas y analiza también el papel de internet en nuestra sociedad en tanto que "fuerza productiva". El libro concluye con una evaluación del legado de Marx y la pregunta de hasta qué punto resulta realista en la actualidad la propuesta de reemplazar el capitalismo por un sistema de producción mejor.
"A los lectores que conozcan mi obra sobre ciertos asuntos quizá les sorprendan mis ideas acerca de otras cuestiones. Intento ser abierto de miras, sensible a la evidencia, y no limitarme a seguir ...una línea política previsible. Y si el lector no está ya convencido de que los filósofos pueden efectivamente contribuir al interés general, espero que este libro los convenza de ello."Peter Singer, IntroducciónPeter Singer es el filósofo más influyente de la actualidad, además de uno de los más polémicos. Este libro, formado por 83 artículos breves, ofrece una panorámica singularmente completa de su pensamiento. Alabado por su capacidad para ser especialmente accesible y ameno sin rebajar por ello el rigor de sus argumentos, Singer aborda aquí algunos de los temas por los que es más conocido, como el aborto, la eutanasia o los derechos de los animales. El lector encontrará, además, otros artículos donde Singer aplica sus controvertidos modos de pensar a cuestiones como el cambio climático, la situación política actual, el mercado del arte o la felicidad. Además, explora algunos de los interrogantes filosóficos más profundos e incluye también algunas reflexiones más personales, como su opinión sobre una de sus actividades preferidas, el surf. Provocadores y originales, estos artículos interesarán a cualquiera que sienta curiosidad o preocupación por todos aquellos asuntos éticos que reclaman nuestra atención en el mundo real."Tal vez más que ningún otro filósofo moderno, Peter Singer se ha centrado en la cuestión de cómo vivir una vida mejor. Si se busca una filosofía que pueda aliviar directamente el sufrimiento humano y animal, hay que leer este maravilloso libro."Sam Harris, The New York Times"Esta obra no es solo una introducción a la filosofía moral de Singer, sino que también puede servir como un excelente libro de texto para cualquier curso de ética. Para los filósofos, el trabajo de Singer proporciona un modelo de cómo pasar de la torre de marfil al dominio de la filosofía pública."Choice
On Sept 16-17, 2016, in Montréal, Canada hosts the Fifth Replenishment Conference of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. The Global Fund is a partnership of governments, civil ...society, the private sector, and people affected by the diseases that works to accelerate the end of these epidemics.
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