Članek skuša odgovoriti na tri sklope vprašanj. (1) Kaj je medmet, kakšne podvrste medme - tov poznamo in kako jih uslovariti v eSSKJ? (2) Kakšni so medmeti in v katerih segmentnih in nadsegmentnih ...lastnostih se razlikujejo od preostalega besedja? Kakšna sta njihova pregibnost in besedotvorje? (3) Kaj so medmeti po izvoru?
O slovenskih priimkih enkrat za trikrat Snoj, Marko
Slovenski jezik (Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti. Znanstvenoraziskovalni center),
03/2023, Letnik:
14
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Prispevek je ocena naslednjih del: Tino Mamić. 2020. Priimki: njihov izvor in pomen 1, Primorska – Gorica: Goriška Mohorjeva družba 2020. 255 str. (26 €); Silvo Torkar. 2020. Zgodovinska ...antroponimija in toponimija vzhodne Tolminske – Ljubljana: Založba ZRC. 325 str. (24 €); Janez Keber. 2021. Leksikon priimkov – Celje: Celjska Mohorjeva družba. 989 str. (75 €). POPRAVEK SIMONA LENARČIČA PO IZIDU: Odziv POPRAVEK AVTORJA PO IZIDU: V besedilu z naslovom O slovenskih priimkih enkrat za trikrat, ki je izšlo v 14. letniku revije Slovenski jezik / Slovene Linguistic Studies na straneh 235 do 252, sem zagrešil dve napaki, ki ju popravljam s tem zapisom. Naslov knjige Vse o imenih v Sloveniji sem zmotno navedel kot Vse o imenih na Slovenskem. Zamisel, po kateri naj bi slovensko rojstno ime Mirt izviralo iz grškega poimenovanja mýrtos ‘sredozemski grm mirta’, sem pripisal Simonu Lenarčiču, ki jo je – brez podatka, od kod mu ta razlaga – objavil v svoji knjigi Vse o imenih v Sloveniji. Lenarčič je to zamisel dejansko povzel po dodatkih četrte izdaje Kebrovega Leksikona imen iz leta 2008, ki je v času pisanja lanskega besedila nisem imel pri roki. Simonu Lenarčiču, avtorju knjige Vse o imenih v Sloveniji, ki je opozoril na obe napaki v mojem besedilu, se za obe netočnosti iskreno opravičujem. Marko Snoj
V príspevku so predstavljena merila za razlikovanje med dvojnicami in sinonimi v novem splošnem razlagalnem slovarju eSSKJ, ki nastaja v Leksikološki sekciji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana ...Ramovša ZRC SAZU. Merilom so na koncu dodani tudi pogoji za uvrstitev dvojnic in sinonimov v eSSKJ.
Ta članek skuša odgovoriti na vprašanje, kateri besedni vrsti pripisati izraze, pri katerih opažamo del kategorialnih lastnosti medmeta in del kategorialnih lastnosti členka. Izziv je torej ...besednovrstna določitev tistih besed, ki nimajo stavčnočlenskih ustreznikov in jih ni mogoče enoznačno uvrstiti niti med medmete niti med členke.
The first clinical studies on the use of electrochemotherapy to treat liver tumours that were not amenable to surgery or thermal ablation techniques have recently been published. However, there is ...still a lack of data on the effects of electrochemotherapy on normal liver tissue. Therefore, we designed a translational animal model study to test whether electrochemotherapy with bleomycin causes clinically significant damage to normal liver tissue, with emphasis on large blood vessels and bile ducts. We performed electrochemotherapy with bleomycin or delivered electric pulses alone using a potentially risky treatment strategy in eight pigs. Two and seven days after treatment, livers were explanted, and histological analysis was performed. Blood samples were collected before treatment and again before euthanasia to evaluate blood biomarkers of liver function and systemic inflammatory response. We found no thrombosis or other clinically significant damage to large blood vessels and bile ducts in the liver. No clinical or laboratory findings suggested impaired liver function or systemic inflammatory response. Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin does not cause clinically significant damage to normal liver tissue. Our study provides further evidence that electrochemotherapy with bleomycin is safe for treatment of patients with tumours near large blood vessels in the liver.
Purpose
To evaluate the role of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in patients with conjuctival melanoma (CjM).
Study design
Retrospective observational cohort study and literature review.
Subjects
...Slovenian patients with CjM are included in the study.
Methods
Prospectively collected data of CjM patients treated from June 2005 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.
Main outcome measures
The numbers of SLN biopsy procedures, positive and false positive SLN, and local and regional relapses have been described together with overall survival.
Results
From June 2005 until December 2016, 24 patients with CjM were treated. The median follow-up time was 65.3 months. The mean Breslow thickness was 1.5 mm (sd = 1.8 mm), and ulceration was present in 29% of cases. Altogether, 14/24 (58%) SLN biopsy procedures were performed. SLN was positive in 2/14 (14%) cases. The estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) of the group was 72.5%, with a median survival of 151 months (95% CI 77–224). From January 2013 to January 2020, five (5/140, 3%) authors reported results comparable to our study.
Conclusion
Our results confirm that CjM is a rare disease with approximately 14% of positive SLN. At the moment, there are no firm conclusions regarding who would benefit most from SLN biopsy or whether or not CLND should be offered. Data from literature emphasize the need for consistent and uniform staging and future multicentric studies.
Electrochemotherapy treats tumors by combining specific chemotherapeutic drugs with an intracellular target and electric pulses, which increases drug uptake into the tumor cells. Electrochemotherapy ...has been successfully used for treatment of easily accessible superficial tumor nodules. In this paper, we present the first case of deep-seated tumor electrochemotherapy based on numerical treatment planning.
The aim of our study was to treat a melanoma metastasis in the thigh of a patient. Treatment planning for electrode positioning and electrical pulse parameters was performed for two different electrode configurations: one with four and another with five long needle electrodes. During the procedure, the four electrode treatment plan was adopted and the patient was treated accordingly by electrochemotherapy with bleomycin. The response to treatment was clinically and radiographically evaluated. Due to a partial response of the treated tumor, the metastasis was surgically removed after 2 months and pathological analysis was performed.
A partial response of the tumor to electrochemotherapy was obtained. Histologically, the metastasis showed partial necrosis due to electrochemotherapy, estimated to represent 40-50% of the tumor. Based on the data obtained, we re-evaluated the electrical treatment parameters in order to correlate the treatment plan with the clinical response. Electrode positions in the numerical model were updated according to the actual positions during treatment. We compared the maximum value of the measured electric current with the current predicted by the model and good agreement was obtained. Finally, tumor coverage with an electric field above the reversible threshold was recalculated and determined to be approximately 94%. Therefore, according to the calculations, a small volume of tumor cells remained viable after electrochemotherapy, and these were sufficient for tumor regrowth.
In this, the first reported clinical case, deep-seated melanoma metastasis in the thigh of the patient was treated by electrochemotherapy, according to a treatment plan obtained by numerical modeling and optimization. Although only a partial response was obtained, the presented work demonstrates that treatment of deep-seated tumor nodules by electrochemotherapy is feasible and sets the ground for numerical treatment planning-based electrochemotherapy.
EudraCT:2008-008290-54.
Electrochemotherapy is becoming a well-established treatment for malignancies of skin and non-skin origin and its use is widening across Europe. The technique was developed and optimized from solid ...experimental and clinical evidence. A consensus document is now warranted to formalize reporting results, which should strengthen evidence-based practice recommendations. This consensus should be derived from high quality clinical data collection, clinical expertise and summarizing patient feedback. The first step, which is addressed in this paper, aims to critically analyze the quality of published studies and to provide the recommendations for reporting clinical trials on electrochemotherapy.
The quality of reporting in published studies on electrochemotherapy was analyzed in order to produce procedure specific reporting recommendations. A comprehensive literature search of studies published from 2006 to 2015 was performed followed by qualitative analysis of manuscripts assessing for 47 quality criteria grouped into four major clusters: (1) trial design, (2) description of patient population, (3) description of treatment delivery and patient outcome, (4) analysis of results and their interpretation. The summary measure during literature assessment was the proportion of studies fulfilling each manuscript quality criteria.
A total of 56 studies were screened, from the period 2006 to 2015, of which 33 were included in the qualitative analysis, with a total of 1215 patients. Overall, the quality of reporting was highly variable. Twenty-four reports (73%) were single-center, non-comparative studies, and only 15 (45%) were prospective in nature (only 2 of them were entered into a clinical trials registry). Electrochemotherapy technique was consistently reported, with most studies (31/33) adhering closely to published standard operating procedures. The quality of reporting the patient population was variable among the analyzed studies, with only between 45% and 100% achieving dedicated quality criteria. Reporting of treatment delivery and patient outcome was also highly variable with studies only fulfilling between 3% and 100%. Finally, reporting study results critically varied, fulfilling from 27% to 100% of the quality criteria. Based on the critical issues emerging from this analysis, recommendations and minimal requirements for reporting clinical data on electrochemotherapy were prepared and summarized into a checklist.
There is an increasing body of published clinical data on electrochemotherapy, but more high quality clinical data are needed. Published papers often lack accurate description of study population, treatment delivery as well as patient outcome. Our recommendations, provided in the form of a summary checklist, are intended to ameliorate data reporting in future studies on electrochemotherapy and help researchers to provide a solid evidence basis for clinical practice.
Background
The randomized EORTC 10981-22023 AMAROS trial investigates whether breast cancer patients with a tumor-positive sentinel node biopsy (SNB) are best treated with an axillary lymph node ...dissection (ALND) or axillary radiotherapy (ART). The aim of the current substudy was to evaluate the identification rate and the nodal involvement.
Methods
The first 2,000 patients participating in the AMAROS trial were evaluated. Associations between the identification rate and technical, patient-, and tumor-related factors were evaluated. The outcome of the SNB procedure and potential further nodal involvement was assessed.
Results
In 65 patients, the sentinel node could not be identified. As a result, the sentinel node identification rate was 97% (1,888 of 1,953). Variables affecting the success rate were age, pathological tumor size, histology, year of accrual, and method of detection. The SNB results of 65% of the patients (
n
= 1,220) were negative and the patients underwent no further axillary treatment. The SNB results were positive in 34% of the patients (
n
= 647), including macrometastases (
n
= 409, 63%), micrometastases (
n
= 161, 25%), and isolated tumor cells (
n
= 77, 12%). Further nodal involvement in patients with macrometastases, micrometastases, and isolated tumor cells undergoing an ALND was 41, 18, and 18%, respectively.
Conclusions
With a 97% detection rate in this prospective international multicenter study, the SNB procedure is highly effective, especially when the combined method is used. Further nodal involvement in patients with micrometastases and isolated tumor cells in the sentinel node was similar—both were 18%.
Treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors with electrochemotherapy has become a regular clinical method, while treatment of deep-seated tumors is still at an early stage of development. We ...present a method for preparing a dedicated patient-specific, computer-optimized treatment plan for electrochemotherapy of deep-seated tumors based on medical images. The treatment plan takes into account the patient's anatomy, tissue conductivity changes during electroporation and the constraints of the pulse generator. Analysis of the robustness of a treatment plan made with this method shows that the effectiveness of the treatment is not affected significantly by small single errors in electrode positioning. However, when many errors occur simultaneously, the resulting drop in effectiveness is larger, which means that it is necessary to be as accurate as possible in electrode positioning. The largest effect on treatment effectiveness stems from uncertainties in dielectric properties and electroporation thresholds of treated tumors and surrounding tissues, which emphasizes the need for more accurate measurements and more research. The presented methods for treatment planning and robustness analysis allow quantification of the treatment reproducibility and enable the setting of suitable safety margins to improve the likelihood of successful treatment of deep-seated tumors by electrochemotherapy.
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