Religija je eno najstarejših področij raziskovanja v družboslovju in humanistiki. Sociokulturna antropologija in etnologija sta prepleteni s študijem religije, mitov, magije in ritualov. Mnogi ...klasični avtorji, kot so James George Frazer, Émile Durkheim, Victor Turner in Mary Douglas, so zasnovali teorije, ki so poskušale razložiti številne razsežnosti vere in religioznosti. Ideje doajenov sociokulturne antropologije in etnologije, čeprav morda v nekaterih pogledih zastarele, še vedno ponujajo neizčrpen vir navdiha za sodobne znanstvenike, kot se odraža v nekaterih študijah v tej številki. Prejšnja številka revije Svetov/Worlds, Religija v toku 1: raziskovalne strategije, je sestavljena iz prispevkov, ki temeljijo na različnih vrstah empiričnih podatkov, etnografskih ali zgodovinskih, povezanih s srednjeevropskim kontekstom (Češka, Slovaška, Madžarska), in ilustrirajo pestrost sodobnih empiričnih raziskav religije. Kot kažejo študije v prvi številki, lahko različne metode pomagajo razkriti različne vidike vere in njene vloge v življenju ljudi. Druga številka, Religija v toku 2: teorija in metodologija, združuje članke, ki odsevajo aktualna teoretična in metodološka vprašanja v raziskovanju religije.
The study of religion is one of the oldest areas of research in the social sciences and humanities. Sociocultural anthropology and ethnology are interwoven with the study of religion, myth, magic and ritual. Many classical authors such as James George Frazer, Émile Durkheim, Victor Turner and Mary Douglas have conceived theories that have attempted to explain many dimensions of religion and religiosity. The ideas of the doyens of sociocultural anthropology and ethnology, though perhaps considered outdated in some respects, still offer an inexhaustible well of inspiration for contemporary scholars, as reflected in some of the studies in this issue. The previous issue of Svetovi / Worlds, Religion in flux 1: research strategies, was composed of papers based on various types of empirical data, ethnographic or historical, etc., related to the Central European context (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary), which illustrate the stimulating theoretical and methodological diversity in contemporary empirical research on religion. As the studies in the first issue demonstrate, different methods might help to reveal distinct aspects of religion and its role in people’s lives. The second issue, Religion in flux 2: theory and methodology, brings together a stimulating array of articles that broadly reflect the current theoretical and methodological issues in research on religion.
Dimitris Xygalatas is an anthropologist and cognitive scientist interested in religion, ritual, music, and sports fanship among other topics. Xygalatas’s book Ritual: How Seemingly Senseless Acts ...Make Life Worth Living (Profile Books, 2022; henceforth Ritual) results from years of rigorous ethnographic and experimental work. Ritual follows the perspective of the cognitive and evolutionary science of religion (hereafter referred to as CESR) and brings the reader up-to-date findings in the naturalistic study of religion and rituals. Xygalatas follows a neo-Darwinian and functionalistic approach to the study of religion, whose theoretical premises he describes in a way that is accessible even to the lay public throughout the book, but mainly in its second chapter.
Dimitris Xygalatas is an anthropologist and cognitive scientist interested in religion, ritual, music, and sports fanship among other topics. Xygalatas’s book Ritual: How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living (Profile Books, 2022; henceforth Ritual) results from years of rigorous ethnographic and experimental work. Ritual follows the perspective of the cognitive and evolutionary science of religion (hereafter referred to as CESR) and brings the reader up-to-date findings in the naturalistic study of religion and rituals. Xygalatas follows a neo-Darwinian and functionalistic approach to the study of religion, whose theoretical premises he describes in a way that is accessible even to the lay public throughout the book, but mainly in its second chapter.
Bronisław Malinowski (1884-1942) was a foundational force in the development of functionalist theory in the discipline of anthropology. Based on intensive fieldwork in the Trobriand Islands, his ...pragmatic theory stimulated much discussion and debate in anthropological circles. Lesser known, however, is the influence that Malinowski had on the development of modern performance studies in the United States among folklore scholars. This research note focuses on Malinowski’s writings concerning the language of myth and magic, since these were the aspects of his work that appealed most to American scholars of performance in the 1970s.
Bronisław Malinowski (1884–1942) je bil osrednjega pomena pri razvoju teorije funkcionalizma v antropologiji. Njegova pragmatična teorija, ki je nastala na podlagi intenzivnega terenskega dela na Trobriandskih otokih, je v antropoloških krogih spodbudila mnogo razprav. Manj znan pa je vpliv, ki ga je Malinowski imel na razvoj sodobnih študij performativne umetnosti v Združenih državah med folkloristi. Ta raziskovalni zapis se osredotoča na njegovo pisanje o jeziku mita in magije, vidikih njegovega dela, ki so v sedemdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja najbolj pritegnili ameriške raziskovalce performansa.
Aprila 2024 se je v prostorih Oddelka za etnologijo in kulturno antropologijo (FF UL) zbrala večina raziskovalk in raziskovalcev, ki s svojimi raziskovalnimi prizadevanji negujemo in plemenitimo ...folkloristiko v Sloveniji. Tretja izvedba bienalne slovenske folkloristične konference je postregla s pestrim naborom znanstvenih in strokovnih prispevkov, s katerimi so udeleženke in udeleženci predstavili svoje aktualne raziskave, dognanja in razmišljanja v tej vedi. Posebnih vsebinskih usmeritev konferenca ni imela, vseeno pa je njen programski odbor že v pozivu k oddaji prispevkov napovedal, da bo, če bo prijavljenih dovolj vsebinsko ustreznih referatov, del konference posvečen vprašanjem in izzivom, ki jih (tudi) za folkloristiko prinaša vzpon digitalnih informacijskih in komunikacijskih tehnologij.
Aprila 2024 se je v prostorih Oddelka za etnologijo in kulturno antropologijo (FF UL) zbrala večina raziskovalk in raziskovalcev, ki s svojimi raziskovalnimi prizadevanji negujemo in plemenitimo folkloristiko v Sloveniji. Tretja izvedba bienalne slovenske folkloristične konference je postregla s pestrim naborom znanstvenih in strokovnih prispevkov, s katerimi so udeleženke in udeleženci predstavili svoje aktualne raziskave, dognanja in razmišljanja v tej vedi. Posebnih vsebinskih usmeritev konferenca ni imela, vseeno pa je njen programski odbor že v pozivu k oddaji prispevkov napovedal, da bo, če bo prijavljenih dovolj vsebinsko ustreznih referatov, del konference posvečen vprašanjem in izzivom, ki jih (tudi) za folkloristiko prinaša vzpon digitalnih informacijskih in komunikacijskih tehnologij.
The round table titled “A ti pa kar sama tukaj?: Izkušnje, izzivi in uspehi raziskovalk na terenskem delu” (“Are You Here All Alone?: The Experiences, Challenges, and Successes of Female Researchers ...in Fieldwork”) took place on 21 May 2024 at the Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology at the Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, and so concluded a series of events part of the Dnevi enakosti spolov FF 2024 (Days of Gender Equality FF 2024). The organisers of the round table and researchers of the ERC project DEAGENCY, Simona K. Zupanc, Tina Ivnik, and Petra Hamer, encouraged the participants to reflect on two key questions: how gender influences fieldwork and which safety strategies participants use and recommend in fieldwork.
The round table titled “A ti pa kar sama tukaj?: Izkušnje, izzivi in uspehi raziskovalk na terenskem delu” (“Are You Here All Alone?: The Experiences, Challenges, and Successes of Female Researchers in Fieldwork”) took place on 21 May 2024 at the Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology at the Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana, and so concluded a series of events part of the Dnevi enakosti spolov FF 2024 (Days of Gender Equality FF 2024). The organisers of the round table and researchers of the ERC project DEAGENCY, Simona K. Zupanc, Tina Ivnik, and Petra Hamer, encouraged the participants to reflect on two key questions: how gender influences fieldwork and which safety strategies participants use and recommend in fieldwork.
The cognitive and evolutionary approach to the research of religion in cultural and social anthropology has been systematically developing since the 1990s and the first decade of the 21st century. At ...the end of the 1990s, cognitive and evolutionary theories of religion began to be applied in the research of religion by a narrow group of ethnologists, religionists, and anthropologists in Slovakia. This paper aims to provide a basic overview of the fundamental concepts of cognitive and evolutionary anthropology of religion. It focuses on selected scholars whose works and ideas are considered pivotal in the development of this field. The second objective is to outline how cognitive and evolutionary theories of religion have been reflected in ethnology and sociocultural anthropology in Slovakia.
V socialni in kulturni antropologiji se kognitivni in evolucijski pristop do raziskovanja religij sistematično razvija od devetdesetih let 20. stoletja in prvega desetletja 21. stoletja. Ozka skupina etnologov, religiologov in antropologov je na Slovaškem ob koncu devetdesetih let začela uporabljati kognitivne in evolucijske teorije religije pri raziskovanju religije. Namen tega prispevka je podati pregled temeljnih konceptov kognitivne in evolucijske antropologije religije. Osredotoča se na dela in ideje strokovnjakov, ki veljajo za ključna pri razvoju tega področja. Drugi cilj prispevka je predstaviti, kako se kognitivne in evolucijske teorije religije odražajo v etnologiji in socialni in kulturni antropologiji na Slovaškem.
Pop Spirituality Kapcar, Andrej
Svetovi,
07/2024, Letnik:
2, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Magical practices have undergone significant changes in the past decades, shifting towards accessibility and individuality. With the rise in popularity of individual, custom-designed magical rituals, ...popular culture has proven to be one of the important aspects associated with the new practice. Influential, reaching a wide audience, with a strong focus on immersive visual aspects, it is of no surprise that practitioners have started to include popcultural elements into their rituals. New schools of magic, such as the influential Chaos Magick, have proven to be a fertile ground for these innovative practices. This paper will focus on the mutual interaction between occult knowledge represented through visual means in popular culture and the magical practice of modern mages.
V zadnjih desetletjih je v magičnih praksah prišlo do pomembnih sprememb, saj so se usmerile k dostopnosti in individualnosti. Z naraščanjem priljubljenosti individualnih, po meri oblikovanih magičnih ritualov se je popularna kultura izkazala za enega od pomembnih vidikov, povezanih z novo prakso. Zaradi njenega vpliva, širokega občinstva in močne osredotočenosti na vizualno, ki občinstvu omogočajo potopitev v fiktivni svet, ni presenetljivo, da so praktiki v svoje obrede začeli vključevati elemente iz popularne kulture. Nove šole magije, na primer vplivna skupina Chaos Magick, so se izkazale za plodna tla za te inovativne prakse. Članek se bo osredotočil na interakcijo med okultnim znanjem, predstavljenim z vizualnimi sredstvi v popularni kulturi, in magično prakso sodobnih magov.
This article explores the potential of “porosity” in understanding the “supernatural”, particularly in interactions with spirits and gods. According to Luhrmann, a “porous” self is key to ...experiencing the supernatural. Unlike a “buffered” self with a compacted boundary between mind and world, a porous self integrates anomalous experiences more easily. Sharing Luhrmann’s transdisciplinary approach, this article looks into the potential of porosity in addressing reflexivity challenges and phenomenological ones, while advocating for more porous transdisciplinary communication. AcknowledgementThe research leading to the results presented in the paper has received funding from the European Research Council grant agreement № 101095729 (DEAGENCY). The views and opinions expressed are however those of the author only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council Executive Agency; neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.
Članek raziskuje potencial »poroznosti« za razumevanje »nadnaravnega«, zlasti v interakcijah z duhovi in bogovi. Za Tanyo Luhrmann je »porozen« jaz ključnega pomena za doživljanje nadnaravnega. Za razliko od »zaščitenega« jaza s strnjeno mejo med umom in svetom, porozen jaz lažje integrira anomalne izkušnje. Članek na podlagi transdisciplinarnega pristopa Luhrmannove proučuje potencial poroznosti pri obravnavanju izzivov refleksivnosti in fenomenoloških izzivov, hkrati pa se zavzema za bolj porozno transdisciplinarno komunikacijo. AcknowledgementThe research leading to the results presented in the paper has received funding from the European Research Council grant agreement № 101095729 (DEAGENCY). The views and opinions expressed are however those of the author only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council Executive Agency; neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.
This paper aims to reveal specific aspects of religious life in a Roman-Catholic community situated in the Brno-Country district. For this purpose, the fieldwork was conducted in one parish for a ...period of one year from 30 November 2022. The data collection was mainly based on participant observation and semi-structured interviews with ten individuals (three women and seven men; mean age: 36.7 years). Both native-born inhabitants and newcomers of diverse professions were intentionally included in the research sample. The content analysis of semi-structured interviews was performed in Atlas.ti. It was discovered that tolerance and cooperation are among the most important topics discussed by the informants and play a crucial role in their religious life.
Cilj članka je razkriti specifične vidike verskega življenja v rimskokatoliški lokalni skupnosti iz okrožja Brno - podeželje. S tem namenom je v eni od župnij potekalo enoletno terensko delo, ki se je začelo 30. novembra 2022. Zbiranje podatkov je v glavnem temeljilo na opazovanju z udeležbo in delno strukturiranih intervjujih z desetimi udeleženci (tri ženske in sedem moških; povprečna starost 36,7 leta). V raziskovalni vzorec so bili namerno vključeni tako tam rojeni kot priseljeni prebivalci različnih poklicev. Vsebinska analiza delno strukturiranih intervjujev je bila opravljena s spletnim orodjem Atlas.ti. Pokazala je, da sta strpnost in sodelovanje med najpomembnejšimi temami, o katerih so govorili udeleženci, ter da imata izjemno pomembno vlogo v njihovem verskem življenju.
During several years of research, we registered a relatively large number of mostly Protestant scholars originating from the territory of today’s Slovakia or those who are considered significant in ...the context of Slovak cultural history, who in the period before the Battle of Biela Hora (1620) lived and worked in one of the Czech or Moravian cities. This was a very diverse group of humanists including clergymen, professors from Charles University, teachers, scribes, authors of extensive works in Latin or in the vernacular, patrons, or owners of interesting book collections. The article introduces this group of scholars in general, and examines more closely their confessional orientation, as well as what influenced it or subsequently prompted it to change. On the other hand, we also want to briefly note several Czech scholars who, as a result of the changed religious situation in Bohemia, came to Slovakia after the Battle of Biela Hora.
Na podlagi večletnega raziskovanja smo uspeli sestaviti seznam relativno velikega števila večinoma protestantskih izobražencev, ki so prvotno prihajali z območja današnje Slovaške ali so pomembni v okviru slovaške kulturne zgodovine ter so v obdobju pred bitko na Beli gori (1620) živeli in delali v enem od čeških (bohemskih) ali moravskih mest. Gre za zelo raznoliko skupino humanistov, ki vključuje duhovnike, profesorje s Karlove univerze v Pragi, učitelje, pisarje, avtorje obsežnih del v latinščini ali ljudskem jeziku, mecene in lastnike zanimivih knjižnih zbirk. Članek predstavi to skupino izobražencev in natančneje opredeli njihovo versko pripadnost, kaj je vplivalo nanjo ali pa celo povzročilo, da so jo pozneje spremenili. Hkrati se članek na kratko dotakne tudi čeških izobražencev, ki so se po bitki na Beli gori zaradi spremenjenih versko-političnih okoliščin v Bohemiji preselili na območje današnje Slovaške.
