Throughout the Cold War, the United States encountered unexpected challenges from Italy and France, two countries with the strongest, and determinedly most anti-American, Communist Parties in Western ...Europe. Based primarily on new evidence from communist archives in France and Italy, as well as research archives in the United States, Alessandro Brogi's original study reveals how the United States was forced by political opposition within these two core Western countries to reassess its own anticommunist strategies, its image, and the general meaning of American liberal capitalist culture and ideology.Brogi shows that the resistance to Americanization was a critical test for the French and Italian communists' own legitimacy and existence. Their anti-Americanism was mostly dogmatic and driven by the Soviet Union, but it was also, at crucial times, subtle and ambivalent, nurturing fascination with the American culture of dissent. The staunchly anticommunist United States, Brogi argues, found a successful balance to fighting the communist threat in France and Italy by employing diplomacy and fostering instances of mild dissent in both countries. Ultimately, both the French and Italian communists failed to adapt to the forces of modernization that stemmed both from indigenous factors and from American influence.Confronting Americailluminates the political, diplomatic, economic, and cultural conflicts behind the U.S.-communist confrontation.
Die vielbeschworene Zwischenkriegszeit nach dem Ersten und vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg war auch für die deutsch-türkischen Beziehungen eine Phase des Dazwischen: Sie reichte von der Gründung ...nationalstaatlicher Republiken in Deutschland und der Türkei samt ihren umfassenden gesellschaftlichen und politischen Veränderungen bis in die Jahre des NS-Regimes und der Regierung Atatürks. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht die vorliegende Studie das in deutschen Schulbüchern für die Fächer Geschichte und Erdkunde vermittelte und als tradierungswürdig erachtete Wissen über die Türkei. Dabei wird deutlich, wie sehr Schulbuchwissen an der Reproduktion überkommener Stereotype teilhatte, aber auch an der Erzählung, die von der ,,langen Vergangenheit" der ,,Bindung zwischen unseren beiden Völkern" (Theodor Heuss) handelt. (DIPF/Orig.)
Die 1948 im Auftrag der US-amerikanischen Militärregierung gegründete Zeitschrift Der Monat war ein intellektueller Brennspiegel der jungen Bundesrepublik, in dem die politischen Deutungskonflikte - ...mit Fokus auf den Nationalsozialismus, den Sowjetkommunismus und die Zukunft der westlichen Welt - ausgetragen wurden. Zu ihrem Renommee trug bei, dass sie zahlreiche prominente Autoren wie Hannah Arendt, Raymond Aron, Hans Kohn, Herbert Lüthy, George F. Kennan oder auch die Exkommunisten Arthur Koestler, George Orwell und Richard Löwenthal versammelte. Joachim Gmehling zeigt, welches Bild in der Zeitschrift vom nationalsozialistischen und sowjetkommunistischen Herrschaftssystem gezeichnet wurde und wie der Vergleich der beiden Diktaturen ausfiel. Dabei rekonstruiert er nicht nur den Einfluss der zeitgenössischen Totalitarismustheorien sowie die Imperative der US-amerikanischen Besatzungspolitik in Westdeutschland, sondern geht auch auf die CIA-Hintergründe des Periodikums ein. Eine Studie zu den Anfängen des Kalten Krieges, die angesichts der vielschichtigen Krise der westlichen Demokratien an Aktualität gewinnt.
Contemporary Art in Heritage Spaces considers the challenges that accompany an assessment of the role of contemporary art in heritage contexts, whilst also examining ways to measure and articulate ...the impact and value of these intersections in the future. Presenting a variety of perspectives from a broad range of creative and cultural industries, this book examines case studies from the past decade where contemporary art has been sited within heritage spaces. Exploring the impact of these instances of intersection, and the thinking behind such moments of confluence, it provides an insight into a breadth of experiences – from curator, producer, and practitioner to visitor – of exhibitions where this juncture between contemporary art and heritage plays a crucial and critical role. Themes covered in the book include interpretation, soliciting and measuring audience responses, tourism and the visitor economy, regeneration agendas, heritage research, marginalised histories, and the legacy of exhibitions.Contemporary Art in Heritage Spaces will be essential reading for academics and students engaged in the study of museum and heritage studies and contemporary art around the globe. Museum practitioners and artists should also find much to interest them within the pages of this volume.
In recent years, otaku culture has emerged as one of Japan’s major cultural exports and as a genuinely transnational phenomenon. This timely volume investigates how this once marginalized popular ...culture has come to play a major role in Japan’s identity at home and abroad. In the American context, the word otaku is best translated as “geek”—an ardent fan with highly specialized knowledge and interests. But it is associated especially with fans of specific Japan-based cultural genres, including anime, manga, and video games. Most important of all, as this collection shows, is the way otaku culture represents a newly participatory fan culture in which fans not only organize around niche interests but produce and distribute their own media content. In this collection of essays, Japanese and American scholars offer richly detailed descriptions of how this once stigmatized Japanese youth culture created its own alternative markets and cultural products such as fan fiction, comics, costumes, and remixes, becoming a major international force that can challenge the dominance of commercial media. By exploring the rich variety of otaku culture from multiple perspectives, this groundbreaking collection provides fascinating insights into the present and future of cultural production and distribution in the digital age.
Faith Based Hackworth, Jason
06/2012, Letnik:
11
eBook
Faith Basedexplores how the Religious Right has supported neoliberalism in the United States, bringing a particular focus to welfare-an arena where conservative Protestant politics and neoliberal ...economic ideas come together most clearly. Through case studies of gospel rescue missions, Habitat for Humanity, and religious charities in post-Katrina New Orleans, Jason Hackworth describes both the theory and practice of faith-based welfare, revealing fundamental tensions between the religious and economic wings of the conservative movement.Hackworth begins by tracing the fusion of evangelical religious conservatism and promarket, antigovernment activism, which resulted in what he calls "religious neoliberalism." He argues that neoliberalism-the ideological sanctification of private property, the individual, and antistatist politics-has rarely been popular enough on its own to promote wide change. Rather, neoliberals gain the most traction when they align their efforts with other discourses and ideas. The promotion of faith-based alternatives to welfare is a classic case of coalition building on the Right. Evangelicals get to provide social services in line with Biblical tenets, while opponents of big government chip away at the public safety net.Though religious neoliberalism is most closely associated with George W. Bush's Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships, the idea predates Bush and continues to hold sway in the Obama administration. Despite its success, however, Hackworth contends that religious neoliberalism remains an uneasy alliance-a fusion that has been tested and frayed by recent events.
Since the 1960s, artists have questioned the traditional idea of opposition between art and nature. They have incorporated animals and plants as co-actors in their work, and so established a ...sculptural aesthetic of the living, which called for a redefinition of the sculptural genre. This study is the first to examine so-called Non-Human Living Sculptures using the examples of Hans Haacke and Pierre Huyghe. Following a re-reading of the historiography of modernist sculpture, the author re-evaluates and expands on existing theories in individual work analyses. She shows how Haacke’s real-time systems, determined by US systems theory, biology and cybernetics, as well as his rejection of the object aesthetic have shaped contemporary positions such as Huyghe’s situational-aesthetic works.
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