This is a groundbreaking analysis of China's territorial disputes, exploring the successes and failures of negotiations that have taken place between its three neighbours, namely India, Japan and ...Russia. By using Roberts Putnam's two level game framework, Chung relates the outcome of these disputes to the actions of domestic nationalist groups who have exploited these territorial issues to further their own objectives. By using first-class empirical data and applying it to existing theoretical concepts, this book provides a detailed account of China's land and maritime border disputes that is both clear and accessible.
Chien-peng Chung is an Assistant Professor at the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
List of Maps, Figures and Graph Acknowledgements 1. Introduction 2. The Two-Level Game Hypothesis 3. The Diaoyu / Tiaoyutai / Senkaku Islands Dispute 4. The Zhenbao / Chenpao / Damansky Islands Dispute 5. The McMahon Line / Aksai Chin Dispute 6. Beyond Two-Level Games? The Role of Subnational, National and Transnational Actors in the South China Sea Islands Dispute 7. Testing the Propositions of the Two-Level Game Hypothesis 8. Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index
Despite Latin America's dismal performance between the 1950s and 1980s, the region experienced strong capital deepening. We suggest that these facts can be explained as a consequence of the ...restrictive trade regime adopted at that time. Our framework is based on a dynamic Heckscher–Ohlin model, with scale economies in the capital-intensive sector. Initially, the economy is open and produces only the labor-intensive good. The trade regime is modeled as a move to a closed economy. The model produces results consistent with the Latin American experience. Specifically, a sufficiently small country experiences no long-run income growth, but an increase in capital.
Takeoffs Aizenman, Joshua; Spiegel, Mark M.
Review of development economics,
20/May , Letnik:
14, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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This paper identifies factors associated with takeoff—a sustained period of high growth following a period of stagnation. Countries that experience takeoffs average 2.3% annual growth following their ...stagnation episodes, while those that do not average 0%. Using probit, we find that de jure trade openness is positively and significantly associated with takeoffs. A one‐standard‐deviation increase in de jure trade openness is associated with a 55% increase in the probability of a takeoff in our default specification. Capital account openness encourages takeoff responses, but measures of de facto trade openness are found to be poor predictors of takeoffs. We also examine the determinants of nations achieving “sustained” takeoffs; i.e. those lasting eight years or longer. Takeoffs in countries with more commodity‐intensive output bundles are less likely to be sustained, suggesting that adverse terms‐of‐trade shocks may play a role in ending long‐term high growth episodes.
This article studies the determinants of the labor force participation of the elderly and investigates the factors that may account for the increase in retirement in the second half of the last ...century. We develop a lifecycle general equilibrium model with endogenous retirement that embeds Social Security legislation and Medicare. Individuals are ex ante heterogeneous with respect to their preferences for leisure and face uncertainty about labor productivity, health status and out-of-pocket medical expenses. The model is calibrated to the U.S. economy in 2000 and is able to reproduce very closely the retirement behavior of the American population. It reproduces the peaks in the distribution of Social Security applications at ages 62 and 65 and the observed facts that low earners and unhealthy individuals retire earlier. It also matches very closely the increase in retirement from 1950 to 2000. Changes in Social Security policy – which became much more generous – and the introduction of Medicare account for most of the expansion of retirement. In contrast, the isolated impact of the increase in longevity was a delaying of retirement.
► We study retirement and labor decision of the elderly. ► The model matches very closely the changes in retirement from 1950 to 2000. ► The model reproduces the peaks of Social Security applications at ages 62 and 65. ► Medicare and Changes in Social Security account for most of the changes in retirement. ► The isolated impact of the increase in longevity was a delaying of retirement.
Industry was the most important economic sector in the GDR. Of all the countries within the Eastern Bloc (Comecon), only the USSR achieved higher added value per capita than the GDR's industrial ...sector. The quantitative description of industrial output in the GDR nevertheless continues to be characterized by significant data gaps and a lack of comparable, long-term time series for important performance and expenditure values calculated in accordance with contemporary statistical standards. This HSR Focus presents new calculations for added value, employment and capital expenditures which close these gaps at both an overall industrial level and branch level between 1950 and 1989. The calculations take the form of backward projections carried out in accordance with the current conceptual and methodological principles of national accounting (ESA95). The incorporation of current data for the new German federal states from 1991 onwards into the data base facilitates the extension of the time horizon for the time series. This yields a comparable reflection of the development of economic indicators for the industrial sector in Eastern Germany over a 50-year period (1950-2000). The time series determined pave the way for a new, fact-based assessment of the real results achieved by the GDR economy. The presentation of the data assessed is accompanied by a thorough description of the methods and sources used. This paper serves as an outline for the entire HSR Focus.
Social drinking is an accepted aspect of working life in Japan, and women are left to manage their drunken husbands when the men return home, restoring them to sobriety for the next day of work. In ...attempting to cope with their husbands' alcoholism, the women face a profound cultural dilemma: when does the nurturing behavior expected of a good wife and mother become part of a pattern of behavior that is actually destructive? How does the celebration of nurturance and dependency mask the exploitative aspects not just of family life but also of public life in Japan? The Too-Good Wife follows the experiences of a group of middle-class women in Tokyo who participated in a weekly support meeting for families of substance abusers at a public mental- health clinic. Amy Borovoy deftly analyzes the dilemmas of being female in modern Japan and the grace with which women struggle within a system that supports wives and mothers but thwarts their attempts to find fulfillment outside the family. The central concerns of the book reach beyond the problem of alcoholism to examine the women's own processes of self-reflection and criticism and the deeper fissures and asymmetries that undergird Japanese productivity and social order.
Dead Theory Di Leo, Jeffrey R
2015, 2016, 2016-05-19
eBook
What is the legacy of Theory after the deaths of so many of its leading lights, from Jacques Derrida to Roland Barthes? Bringing together reflections by leading contemporary scholars, Dead Theory ...explores the afterlives of the work of the great theorists and the current state of Theory today. Considering the work of thinkers such as Derrida, Deleuze, and Levinas, the book explores the ways in which Theory has long been haunted by death and how it might endure for the future.
The market types that were the subject of an earlier essay in the Review are resurveyed in order to examine the changes that have occurred over the past fifty years. The entrepreneurial typologies ...identified then–one based on a market orientation, another that relies on state support, and a third, hybrid, approach–are still valid today. The liveliest components of the modern Italian economy, which operate as a fourth type of capitalism (mainly based on industrial districts), share features of the market typology, while, in southern Italy, the state's failure to support business is linked to the rise of organized crime. The more recent hybrid type features a new kind of actor, exemplified by Silvio Berlusconi, the central figure on the Italian political scene for almost two decades.
Sense and Reality Edelman, John
2013, 2009, 2009-01-01, Letnik:
10
eBook
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This book is a collection of essays each of which discusses the work of one of eight individuals - Rush Rhees, Peter Winch, R. F. Holland, J. R. Jones, H. O. Mounce, D. Z. Phillips, Ilham Dilman and ...R.W. Beardsmore - who taught philosophy at the University of Wales, Swansea, for some time from the 1950s through to the 1990s and so contributed to what in some circles came to be known as 'the Swansea School'. These eight essays are in turn followed by a ninth that, drawing on the previous eight, offers something of a critical overview of philosophy at Swansea during that same period. The essays are not primarily historical in character. Instead they aim at both the critical assessment and the continuation of the sort of philosophical work that during those years came to be especially associated with philosophy at Swansea, work that is deeply indebted to the philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein but also distinctively sensitive to the relevance of literary works to philosophical reflection.
The revolutionary movements that emerged frequently in Latin
America over the past century promoted goals that included
overturning dictatorships, confronting economic inequalities, and
creating what ...Cuban revolutionary hero Che Guevara called the "new
man." But, in fact, many of the "new men" who participated in these
movements were not men. Thousands of them were women. This book
aims to show why a full understanding of revolutions needs to take
account of gender.
Karen Kampwirth writes here about the women who joined the
revolutionary movements in Nicaragua, El Salvador, and the Mexican
state of Chiapas, about how they became guerrillas, and how that
experience changed their lives. In the last chapter she compares
what happened in these countries with Cuba in the 1950s, where few
women participated in the guerrilla struggle.
Drawing on more than two hundred interviews, Kampwirth examines
the political, structural, ideological, and personal factors that
allowed many women to escape from the constraints of their
traditional roles and led some to participate in guerrilla
activities. Her emphasis on the experiences of revolutionaries adds
a new dimension to the study of revolution, which has focused
mainly on explaining how states are overthrown.
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