The international politics of the Middle East fills a major gap in the field of middle eastern political studies by combining international relations theory with concrete case studies. It will be of ...immense benefit to students of middle eastern politics, international relations and comparative politics. The book begins with an overview of the rules and features of the middle east regional system - the arena in which the local states, including Egypt, Turkey, Israrel and Arab states od Syria, Jordan and Iraq, operate. It goes on to analyse foreign policy-making in key states, illustrating how systematic determinants contrain this policy-making, and how these contraints are dealt with in distinctive ways depending on particular domsetic features of the individual states. Finally, the book goes on to look at the outcomes of state policies by examining several major conflicts including the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Gulf War, and the system of regional alignment. The book assesses the impact of international pentrartion in the region, including the hsitorica reasons behind the formation of the regional state system. It also analyses the continued role of the external great powers, such as the United States and the former Soviet Union and explains the process by which the region has besome incorporated into the global capitalist market.
Cambodia underwent a triple transition in the 1990s: from war to peace, from communism to electoral democracy, and from command economy to free market. This book addresses the political economy of ...these transitions, examining how the much publicised international intervention to bring peace and democracy to Cambodia was subverted by the poverty of the Cambodian economy and by the state's manipulation of the move to the free market. This analysis of the material basis of obstacles to Cambodia's democratisation suggests that the long-established theoretical link between economy and democracy stands, even in the face of new strategies of international democracy promotion.
In recent years, child migrants from Honduras, Guatemala and El Salvador have made the perilous journey to the United States in unprecedented numbers, but their peers in Nicaragua have remained at ...home. Nicaragua also enjoys lower murder rates and far fewer gang problems when compared with her neighbours.
Why is Nicaragua so different? The present government has promulgated a discourse of Nicaraguan exceptionalism, arguing that Nicaragua is unique thanks to the heritage of the 1979 Sandinista revolution. This volume critically interrogates that claim, asking whether the legacy of the revolution is truly exceptional. An interdisciplinary work, the book brings together historians, anthropologists and sociologists to explore the multifarious ways in which the revolutionary past continues to shape public policy - and daily life - in Nicaragua's tumultuous present.
What did the Russian revolution of 1917 and the Iranian revolution of 1978-1979 share besides their drama? How can we compare a revolution led by Lenin with one inspired by Khomeini? How is a ...revolution based primarily on the urban working class similar to one founded to a significant degree on traditional groups like the bazaaris, small craftsmen, and religious students and preachers? Identifying a distinctive route to modernity--autocratic modernization--Tim McDaniel explores the dilemmas inherent in the efforts of autocratic monarchies in Russia and Iran to transform their countries into modern industrial societies.
Originally published in 1993.
ThePrinceton Legacy Libraryuses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
At a time when her friends were planning cushy retirements, Nancy Wesson instead walked away from a comfortable life and business to head out as a Peace Corps Volunteer in post-war Northern Uganda. ...She embraced wholeheartedly the grand adventure of living in a radically different culture, while turning old skills into wisdom. Returning home becomes a surreal experience in trying to reconcile a life that no longer "fits." This becomes the catalyst for new revelations about family wounds, mystical experiences, and personal foibles. _x000D_ Nancy shows us the power of stepping into the void to reconfigure life and enter the wilderness of the uncharted territory of our own memories and psyche, to mine the gems hidden therein. Funny, heartbreaking, insightful and tender, I Miss the Rain in Africa is the story of honoring the self, discovering a new lens through which to view life, and finding joy along the path. _x000D_ "Inspiring and educational when it comes to what we can accomplish when we put our best foot forward, I Miss the Rain in Africa shows how Nancy Daniel Wesson and others are putting the needs of others ahead of themselves-and what we can all do when it comes to stepping out on faith and choosing to act." _x000D_ -- Cyrus Webb, media personality and author, Conversations Magazine _x000D_ "I would think that many of us could learn or strive to live life to the fullest by following Nancy's example. Imagine venturing into new realms-especially at a later time in life when we possess meaningful knowledge for analyzing, but also for applying a critical philosophical perspective on new experiences." _x000D_ --Gary Vizzo, former management & operations director, Peace Corps Community Development: African and Asia _x000D_ "I Miss the Rain in Africa is an absorbing record of the exploration of self by a woman who, at age 64, enters a remote area
of Africa to work with an NGO. Part adventure, part interior monologue, this is an account of a 21st century derring-do by an intrepid, intriguing and always optimistic woman who will, undoubtedly, enjoy a fourth and maybe even a fifth act wherever she may find herself." _x000D_ --Eileen Purcell, outreach literacy coordinator, Clatsop Community College, Astoria, Oregon _x000D_ "Wesson offers a montage of stories and experiences that introduces the reader to the colorful people and challenging life in Uganda. Wesson's observations are shared with humor, respect, and compassion. For anyone who has ever wondered what serving in Peace Corps or immersing oneself in a radically different life overseas might be like, this book provides a portal." _x000D_ --Kathleen Willis, Retired Peace Corps Volunteer-Community Organizer, former organizational development consultant _x000D_ Learn more at www.NancyWesson.com.
Iran has not ceased to surprise the world since the American ambassador's famous "thinking the unthinkable" 1978 cable about the imminent fall of the Shah and the coming of Islamic revolution. The ...apparent sequence of moderate government of President Hashemi-Rafsanjani (1989-97) and democratic reform under President Khatami (1997-2005) was followed by the return of the hardliners and revolutionary populism coupled with an aggressive foreign policy, including a nuclear program. Iran's political regime has proved remarkably resilient through all these changes, despite the disaffection of the younger half of the population, and become all the stronger, partly as a result of the Bush administration's ill-advised bluff about regime change. The death of Imam Khomeini as its charismatic leader in 1989 did not mean the end of the Islamic revolution, but only the beginning of a prolonged struggle among the children of the revolution over Khomeini's heritage. The integrative social revolution begun in 1979 has continued quietly, while the raucous/noisy struggle to define, structure and control the new Islamic political order set up by Khomeini among different factions of his followers has produced a unique political regime which defies understanding. Arjomand draws on the sociology of revolution to offer a general explanation of political developments in Iran in the last two decades while seeking to understand its unique features in terms of constitutional politics of the creation of the post-revolutionary order. Not only Iran's domestic politics but also its foreign policy are shown to follow a pattern typical of the great revolutions. Surprising as it may seem, the parameters for Iran's constitutional politics in the last two decades are those set by Khomeini's mixture of theocratic, republican and populist elements in the ideology of the Islamic revolution.
Nicaragua Danny Ramírez-Ayérdiz
Realidad (San Salvador),
07/2023, Letnik:
1, Številka:
162
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
En este trabajo el autor busca generar explicaciones respecto de la relación entre la memoria y la violencia política del “pasado reciente” nicaragüense iniciado en 1979 en ocasión de la revolución ...sandinista. El autor considera que la memoria respecto de ese pasado reciente es, considerablemente, “institucional”, es decir, moldeada tanto por el Estado como por los intereses de las élites, las cuales han sido protagonistas de una violencia política recurrente sin la cual no se podría dar contenido y sentido a la historia del país. Se propone el “redimensionamiento” de la violencia como una tarea primordial y urgente a fin de “desencuadrar” y democratizar la memoria nicaragüense, institucionalizada, reflejo de los proyectos de las élites, especialmente en el marco de la espiral represiva que perpetra contra la población el gobierno de Daniel Ortega desde 2018. Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 162, 2023: 16-35.
An increasing number of observations supports temporal clustering behaviour of earthquakes within fault systems. As earthquake occurrence is mainly controlled by the crustal stresses, it is crucial ...to determine their spatio-temporal evolution to understand the generation of catastrophic seismic sequences. A possible way to constrain these variations is to measure the surface displacement field induced by seismic sequences. However, the observation time of modern satellite geodesy (InSAR/GPS) is short compared to the duration of an earthquake sequence. Thus, the goal of this paper is to extend the temporal range of observations of a seismic sequence. We focus on the largest earthquakes of the 1936–1997, Northeast Lut, Iran, sequence that is composed of 11 Mw ≧ ∼ 6 earthquakes. Using subpixel correlation of historic (KH9) and recent (Sentinel-2) optical satellite images, we measure for the first time the surface displacement field of the 1979 Mw 7.1 Khuli-Boniabad earthquake, which broke the eastern part of the Dasht-e-Bayaz fault. Using subpixel correlation of optical (SPOT2-4) and SAR (JERS-2) images, we also measure the surface displacement field of the Mw 7.2 Zirkuh earthquake, which ruptured the Abiz fault. We found that both earthquakes have a mean slip of 2.5 m but the Khuli-Boniabad earthquake broke two main segments (total rupture ∼ 60 km), whereas the Zirkuh earthquake broke three main segments (total rupture ∼ 125 km). We suggest that the differences are controlled by the maturity of the faults, the Dasht-e-Bayaz fault being less mature than the Abiz fault. Furthermore, we succeed to measure offsets up to 2.60 m for the 1979 Mw 6.6 Korizan earthquake that broke the northern part of the Abiz fault. It is the first time that the surface displacement field for such a small historic earthquake has been measured using optical correlation. Finally, our study confirms the potential of historical optical imagery for retrieving surface displacements for past earthquakes (pre-modern geodesy era).
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