The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of the introduction of new forms of management in agricultural production in the Ukrainian Carpathians in the 80's. last century. Scientific ...novelty. The article examines the problems and consequences of the introduction of new forms of management in the agricultural sector in general and the regions of the Ukrainian Carpathians, in particular. Much attention is paid to the problems of specialization and concentration of agricultural production in the 80s of last century. In particular, the problems of transferring livestock to industrial production technology, which was extremely relevant for the region, were analyzed. Livestock in the analyzed period has received the greatest development in the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian Carpathians, given the natural, geographical and climatic features. Conclusions. The country's leadership has constantly declared in state documents the intention to bring the country to a higher level of agricultural production, to achieve dynamic development of the agricultural sector. The main foc us was on increasing grain production, which was rightly considered the basis of the food fund. However, due to excessive centralization of the economy, resistance from bureaucratic management structures in the analyzed period failed to achieve the introduction of intensive technologies and increase the return on investment in agricultural production. It is proved that constant interference in the activities of collective and state farms by representatives of various levels of government and party structures of the region, their dictates about the timing of agricultural work, initiating frequent personnel changes, distrust of farm specialists and other unpopular steps contributed to the slow but steady decline of agriculture.
From 1936 to 1944, the Hungarian star world created a unique tabloid environment in both the print press and film production. Zita Szeleczky (1905–1999), one of the most popular Hungarian actresses ...of the 1930s and 1940s, was on the one hand called the little sister of the nation, and on the other hand, politically stigmatised on several occasions for her clumsy career planning and self-expression. The latter was due to the fact that, from the first years of the Second World War onwards, the actress made a number of objectionable decisions out of naivety, vanity or resentment. Her death was reported in the printed press and she was condemned as a war criminal in absentia. In the present study, we have not sought to comment on any of this, but have merely supplemented the factual information available in the press and in the People’s Court documents with relevant details from the private correspondence of 1946 and 1947, which illustrate the experiences and opinions of the actress and her colleagues. Zita Szeleczky’s career and fate were shattered, and she had to start her life anew during the post-war years. As a result of our research, it can be concluded that the main details of the actress’s character assassination were drawn from the antecedents of Zita Szeleczky’s People’s Court trial, from the articles examined in chronological order in 1945 and from the trial material. In addition, the post-war condition is reflected in several examples of Zita Szeleczky’s private correspondence from the period under study. Following her character assassination, her break with fate – the trauma she had suffered – she must have continued to fear that Italy would extradite her to Hungary and would have to execute her sentence. She also tried, partly with her colleagues and partly on her own, to launch her international career, which was not initially very successful, mainly due to post-war tensions in 1946 and 1947.
Research projects conducted after 1989 on post-war literary exile, more and more various in Romania, seem to remain widely captive to ideology. In an attempt to best situate the literary works in the ...context of anti-communist exile, these studies themselves become prisoners of an anti-communist ideology, opposing a counter-ideology to an ideology. Of course, the analysis of ideologies must be part of the concerns of researchers interested in the issue of exile, but it needs to be done in a detached and detailed manner. On the other hand, more attention should be paid to the literary works themselves. Literary studies must use their own tools and methods in the analysis of works produced in exile, with the same requirement that they show in the case of Romanian literary works in general. After some remarks about a few trends in the study of exile literature, we then briefly examine in this article some aspects of the recent reception in Romania of three exiled writers (Emil Cioran, Theodor Cazaban, Virgil Tănase).
This timely and assured book provides an essential guide to one of the biggest social, political and economic developments of our time.
Andrew Arato, New School for Social Research, New York Zygmunt ...Bauman, University of Leeds Christopher G. A. Bryant, University of Salford Arista Maria Cirtautas, Washington State University Vic Duke, University of Salford Maurice Glasman, European University Institute, Florence Keith Grime, University of Salford Tadeusz Kowalik, Polish Academy of Sciences Steven Lukes, European University Institute, Florence Petr Mares, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Edmund Mokrzycki, Polish Academy of Sciences , Libor Musil, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Ladislav Rabusic, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Erzsebet Szalai, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The heyday of ‘Redneck’ cinema—the 1970s to early 1980s, saw the rise of the Redneck Rebel—a Southern or otherwise ‘hick’ antihero who rode around the countryside like a modern-day cowboy vanquishing ...evil. His ‘horse’ was his car—a beefed up/souped up muscle car that often became the star of the show and overshadowed the anti-hero himself. This article examines the Redneck Rebel through the lens of one American TV series—The Dukes of Hazzard. This popular 1980s TV series, along with its antecedents and contemporaries, underscore several important points that reinforce typical conservative American virtues: freedom, fighting the ‘good fight,’ an overt heterosexuality, a particular reveling in a sarcastic ‘sticking out the tongue’ at the overly sophisticated, overly arrogant, ‘anti-American,’ and well-heeled parts of American society.
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البحث في إعادة تمثيل كيلمان الثقافي والغير التقليدي لهوية الفرد الاسكتلندي المنتمي للطبقة العاملة وتجسيد الحياة اليومية التي يعيشها في اسكتلندا ما بعد الصناعة. استنادا إلى الطابع ...الفرداني الذي يضفيه الروائي إلى شخصياته، تؤكد الدراسة على أن في عصر ما بعد الصناعة لا تزال المجتمعات المعاصرة مثلا غلاسكو تعاني من الانقسام الطبقي والتفكك الثقافي، وأن مفهوم المجتمع اللا طبقي أو العقلية اللاطبقية في القرن الحادي والعشرين لم يتحقق بعد. تناقش هذه الدراسة رواية كيلمان، سخط (1989)، مسلطا الضوء على شخصية باتريك، وهو مدرس منتمي إلى الطبقة العاملة يعيش بمرارة واغتراب. يثير الفصل تساؤلات حول دور التعليم في الحراك الاجتماعي، وقضايا الانعزال الثقافي والطبقي التي تشكل عاملا رئيسيا في إعادة بناء أو هدم هوية الطبقة العاملة.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions are associated with mitochondrial disease, and also accumulate during normal human ageing. The mechanisms underlying mtDNA deletions remain unknown although ...several models have been proposed. Here we use deep sequencing to characterize abundant mtDNA deletions in patients with mutations in mitochondrial DNA replication factors, and show that these have distinct directionality and repeat characteristics. Furthermore, we recreate the deletion formation process in vitro using only purified mitochondrial proteins and defined DNA templates. Based on our in vivo and in vitro findings, we conclude that mtDNA deletion formation involves copy-choice recombination during replication of the mtDNA light strand.
Japan faces significant challenges in both traditional and non-traditional areas of national security policy as the economic resurgence of China and the loss of US hegemonic clout significantly ...transform the strategic landscape of the Asia-Pacific region. How is Japan coping with this new global and regional politico-security environment? What strategic moves has it taken to best position itself for the future to maximize its global and regional influence? More importantly, how is Japan perceived within the region by traditionally close regional partners such as the US and Australia, by supporters in Southeast Asia, and by new competitors — most prominently China and India? What international role do these nations wish Japan to play? In this comprehensive volume, these crucial questions are explored in-depth by a group of scholars both distinguished and diverse.
Contrary to all expectations, Japan's long-term recession has provoked no sustained political movement to replace the nation's malfunctioning economic structure. The country's basic social contract ...has so far proved resistant to reform, even in the face of persistently adverse conditions. InRace for the Exits, Leonard J. Schoppa explains why it has endured and how long it can last. The postwar Japanese system of "convoy capitalism" traded lifetime employment for male workers against government support for industry and the private (female) provision of care for children and the elderly. Two social groups bore a particularly heavy burden in providing for the social protection of the weak and dependent: large firms, which committed to keeping their core workforce on the payroll even in slow times, and women, who stayed home to care for their homes and families.
Using the exit-voice framework made famous by Albert Hirschman, Schoppa argues that both groups have chosen "exit" rather than "voice," depriving the political process of the energy needed to propel necessary reforms in the system. Instead of fighting for reform, firms slowly shift jobs overseas, and many women abandon hopes of accommodating both family and career. Over time, however, these trends have placed growing economic and demographic pressures on the social contract. As industries reduce their domestic operations, the Japanese economy is further diminished. Japan has also experienced a "baby bust" as women opt out of motherhood. Schoppa suggests that a radical break with the Japanese social contract of the past is becoming inevitable as the system slowly and quietly unravels.
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