Este artículo analiza la tensión en el sistema de fuentes en materia de responsabilidad parental en la UE a partir de la valoración de un elenco de supuestos conocidos recientemente por el TJUE. El ...primero de ellos relativo al traslado lícito del menor y los otros dos referentes a un traslado ilícito – y de los que uno se encuentra aún pendiente de resolución-. Estos tres supuestos comparten el hecho de que el menor es trasladado, bien lícita bien ilícitamente, a un Estado tercero a la Unión que, sin embargo, es parte del Convenio de La Haya de 1996. Dentro de la rica y diversa práctica del Tribunal de Luxemburgo en la materia, estos supuestos destacan por abordar una dimensión extraUE no siempre suficientemente estudiada y que, no obstante, como la jurisprudencia apuntada refleja, cuentan con una creciente habitualidad, y dificultad.
This article analyses the tension in the EU system of sources of parental responsibility based on the assessment of a list of cases recently known by the CJEU. The first of them related to a lawful relocation of the child, and the other two related to a wrongful retention. Those three situations share the fact that the child is removed, either lawfully or unlawfully, to a third country to the EU, which is a party to the 1996 Hague Convention. Within the rich and diverse practice of the Court of Luxembourg in the matter, these cases stand out for addressing a non-EU dimension not always sufficiently studied and that, however, as the caselaw of study reflects, have an increasing regularity, and difficulty.
Seismic wave shaking‐induced permeability enhancement in the shallow crust has been widely observed. Permeability decrease, however, is seldom reported. In this study, we document coseismic discharge ...and temperature decrease in a hot spring following the 1996 Lijiang Mw 7.0 and the 2004 Mw 9.0 earthquakes in the Balazhang geothermal field. We use three different models to constrain the permeability change and the mechanism of coseismic discharge decrease, and we use an end‐member mixing model for the coseismic temperature change. Our results show that the earthquake‐induced permeability decrease in the fault zone reduced the recharge from deep hot water, which may be the mechanism that explains the coseismic discharge and temperature responses. The changes in the hot spring response reflect the dynamic changes in the hydrothermal system; in the future, the earthquake‐induced permeability decrease should be considered when discussing controls on permeability.
Key Points
Coseismic discharge and temperature decrease following two large earthquakes in Balazhang #1 hot spring are documented
We used three different permeability models and a two end‐member mixing model to constrain the mechanism of the coseismic responses
Earthquake‐induced fault zone permeability decrease that reduce the recharge of deep hot water is the mechanism
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) genotype IA was most common among strains tested in US outbreak investigations and surveillance during 1996-2015. However, HAV genotype IB gained prominence during 2016-2019 ...person-to-person multistate outbreaks. Detection of previously uncommon strains highlights the changing molecular epidemiology of HAV infection in the United States.
The proportion of US food that is imported is increasing; most seafood and half of fruits are imported. We identified a small but increasing number of foodborne disease outbreaks associated with ...imported foods, most commonly fish and produce. New outbreak investigation tools and federal regulatory authority are key to maintaining food safety.
What Do Corruption Indices Measure? Donchev, Dilyan; Ujhelyi, Gergely
Economics and politics,
July 2014, Letnik:
26, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Evidence from the International Crime Victimization Survey and the World Business Environment Survey suggests that actual corruption experience is a weak predictor of reported corruption perception, ...and that some of the factors commonly found to “reduce” corruption, such as economic development, democratic institutions or Protestant traditions, systematically bias corruption perception indices downward from corruption experience. In addition, perception indices are influenced by absolute (as opposed to relative) levels of corruption, which tends to penalize large countries, and they exhibit diminishing sensitivity to both absolute and relative corruption, indicating that they may better capture differences among countries with low levels of corruption than among highly corrupt ones. Individual characteristics such as education, age, or employment status, and firm‐level characteristics such as the number of competitors are also found to influence corruption perceptions holding experience constant.
PROMPT EMISSION BY OH IN COMET HYAKUTAKE A'Hearn, Michael F.; Swamy, K. S. Krishna; Wellnitz, Dennis D. ...
The Astronomical journal,
07/2015, Letnik:
150, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
ABSTRACT Laboratory studies predict that the photo-dissociation of H2O by solar photons in the comae of comets should lead to a small percentage of OH in high rotational states of the electronic ...state. These states should promptly emit a near-ultraviolet (near-UV) photon in a transition to the state. From there, the radicals decay to the lowest rotational states by direct rotational transitions and via ro-vibrational cascade in the 1-0 vibrational band, all within the state. Normally in Earth-based observations the lines are extremely weak compared to the fluorescence of OH in sunlight. Since the prompt emission rate is directly proportional to the column density of water, whereas the fluorescent emission of OH is proportional to the column density of OH, the lines due to prompt emission are relatively strongest very close to the nucleus, a region not often accessible from Earth. We report here the first spectrally resolved detection of near-UV prompt emission by cometary OH, as seen in the bright comet Hyakutake (C/1996 B2), on the day of its closest approach to Earth. All the expected doublets are seen, in both the P and Q branches, up to rotational quantum number N′ = 22 with relative strengths in good agreement with the laboratory results. The fluxes of the lines are in agreement with what one expects from the various measurements of the water production rate of the comet, including that deduced from the OH fluorescent lines in these spectra.
El Reglamento (CE) 2019/1111 Guzmán Peces, Montserrat
Cuadernos de derecho transnacional,
10/2022, Letnik:
14, Številka:
2
Journal Article
El presente trabajo se centra en el análisis de las principales novedades del Reglamento
2019/1111 (RBII ter) en relación con el Reglamento 2201/2003 (RBII bis) y la relación existente con los otros ...dos Convenios de la Conferencia de la Haya, el de 1980 y el de 1996. Para ello, se explica el ámbito de eficacia material, centrándose en las nociones de guarda y custodia y la responsabilidad parental en los diferentes instrumentos. Además, al hilo de la introducción de nuevos criterios de competencia en el RBII ter se respecto del CH 1996, se explica la relación existente con el Reglamento y, la posibilidad de elección de un foro de terceros Estados como preceptúa el art. 97 del RBII ter. Respecto del CH de 1980 se analiza la incorporación y la puesta en marcha de los instrumentos de cooperación de autoridades y la disposición del art. 96 del RBII ter. Para finalizar, se reflexiona sobre los avances en este ámbito y, el recurso a la mediación cuando se ha producido una sustracción ilícita de menores.
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