We examine the source mechanisms and depths of the largest earthquake that has occurred in the vicinity of Cyprus in the last 50 years, the 1996 October 9 earthquake (Mw= 6.8) and its principal ...aftershock on October 10 (Mw= 5.8). Being the first large event in the area for which seismic data from the global digital network are available, it provides an excellent opportunity to study the complex tectonic processes of the eastern Mediterranean. We modelled the source mechanisms and depths of the earthquakes by a least‐squares body waveform fitting procedure. The waveform fits resulting from our minimum‐misfit solutions are considerably better than those predicted by previous studies. We show strong evidence that both events were at depths of 76–85 km rather than 20–30 km, as has been suggested by other studies. These earthquakes form a group indicating that the Mediterranean lithosphere south of the Hellenic and Cyprean arcs is in east–west compression as it is subducted to the north and northeast. We additionally examine the source mechanism and depth of the 1999 August 11 earthquake (Mw= 5.6), which occurred at about 11 km with a reverse dip‐slip mechanism. It probably reflects crustal shortening between the African and Turkish plates.
Herd-level livestock health management decisions have implications for farm profitability and the potential public impact of a livestock disease outbreak. Thus, adoption of health management ...practices is of interest to government officials concerned with managing the risk of disease outbreak and controlling the spread of infection. This paper uses a fractional logit model to estimate the disease risk reduction for livestock health management practices on farms, and then uses the economic benefits of these risk reductions as explanatory variables in an econometric model of adoption of these practices. We find that the economic damages from disease associated with a particular practice are statistically significant but ultimately of little practical economic importance in adoption decisions. Implications for policy and relation to prior research findings are discussed. Les décisions entourant la gestion sanitaire du troupeau ont des répercussions sur la rentabilité des fermes et sur l'impact qu'une éclosion de maladies animales pourrait avoir sur la population. Par conséquent, l'adoption de pratiques de gestion sanitaire intéresse les représentants du gouvernement soucieux de gérer le risque d'éclosion de maladies et de maîtriser la propagation d'une infection. Dans le présent article, nous avons utilisé un modèle logit fractionnaire pour estimer la diminution du risque de maladies lorsque des pratiques de gestion sanitaire du troupeau sont adoptées à la ferme et nous avons ensuite utilisé les avantages économiques de cette diminution du risque comme variables explicatives dans un modèle économétrique d'adoption de ces pratiques. Les résultats ont montré que les dommages économiques liés aux maladies associées à une pratique en particulier sont statistiquement significatifs, mais qu'ils sont finalement sans importance économique dans les décisions d'adoption. Nous avons examiné les répercussions sur la politique agricole et avons fait le lien avec des résultats de recherche antérieurs.
Informatius Televisió de Girona
199603
Video Recording
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Travel patterns among different socio-economic groups in Sweden are investigated. It is shown that elderly persons, persons with low incomes and women in general do not travel extensively. ...Middle-aged persons, persons with high incomes and men travel much farther. Cars are the dominant transportation mode for all population groups. Aeroplanes are used mostly by high-income earners and men, while public transportation is mostly used by young people and women. Energy consumption for the different travel patterns differs substantially. Men with high incomes consume the most energy, with 94 000 MJ during one year, while elderly women consume 12 000 MJ. When compared to a calculated sustainable level of energy consumption for travel, most population groups are in excess. The level for sustainable energy consumption is calculated based on an assumed global potential for renewable energy of 360 EJ per year, divided equally among the global population. A certain share of this energy potential is supposed to be used for travelling. A scenario for 2020 is presented in which vehicle energy efficiency has increased and travel patterns have changed from what they are today. Sustainability can only be reached when both travel patterns and vehicle technology have changed radically. Differences in energy consumption for travel due to age and gender are likely to remain in the future. Scientific knowledge from the social domains seems to be important for devising efficient strategies for a sustainable society. Current focus on policy measures has been mainly on technical issues.
This study evaluated the association of chronic child illness with parental employment among individuals who have had contact with the welfare system.
Parents of children with chronic illnesses were ...interviewed.
Current and former welfare recipients and welfare applicants were more likely than those with no contact with the welfare system to report that their children's illnesses adversely affected their employment. Logistic regression analyses showed that current and former receipt of welfare, pending welfare application, and high rates of child health care use were predictors of unemployment.
Welfare recipients and applicants with chronically ill children face substantial barriers to employment, including high child health care use rates and missed work. The welfare reform reauthorization scheduled to occur later in 2002 should address the implications of chronic child illness for parental employment.
ذاكرة المكان في روايات إميل حبيبي يعقوب، ناصر حسن عيد
International Journal on Humanities and Social Sciences,
2020
14
Journal Article
Recenzirano
يمتاز إميل حبيبي بتجربة سردية وجمالية خاصة، تكشف عن هوس شديد بالحفر والتنقيب عن كل ما يمكن أن يؤسس "ذاكرة" الوجدان الفلسطيني، عبر تسجيل بالغ الدقة للتاريخ الفلسطيني الحقيقي من باطنه لا من ظاهره فحسب. ...سيحاول البحث الكشف عن الأمكنة الواقعية المبثوثة في نسيج رواياته، وكيف تجلى وصف هذه الأمكنة، وما هي طبيعة المصادر والمراجع التي اعتمد عليها في وصفه، وما هي المقاصد التاريخية التي كان يرمي إليها من وراء هذا الوصف. وهل أثر وصف هذه الأمكنة الواقعية عند إميل حبيبي على البعد الفني في نسيج رواياته.
This article examines the effect of the behavior of carriers on the legal arrangements that regulate them. Using James Buchanan's theory of constitutional contract, the paper shows that weaknesses in ...US telecommunications law have led carriers to engage in unproductive activities that move them closer to the “state of nature” instead of toward a superior outcome for all parties. This paper focuses on the period before and after the Telecommunications Act of 1996, a law with such a broad scope that there were many ambiguities and contradictions. Affected parties attempted to take advantage of these to design a constitutional contract that would favor them over their rivals. The paper focuses on the interconnection aspects of the law and presents recommendations for reducing unproductive activities.
This article documents results of a survey of 73 school social workers regarding their record-keeping practices. These social workers indicated that time pressures are a major challenge to ...documentation; they struggle to know what to include, and they worry about privacy. More than half fail to consistently include assessment information, progress toward goals, and information on services provided. More than 75 percent do not provide periodic and closing case summaries, pre- and post-test scores, and information on how they have made decisions. Some 80 percent of respondents were in violation of Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act requirements to share records with parents or guardians who request them, and only half were aware of their district's policies on sharing information with third parties. There was widespread misunderstanding of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, and half of the respondents were unaware of their state laws regarding record keeping. These findings are concerning, as school social workers who are not informed of legal mandates may be putting themselves and their districts at some liability risk, and those who do not keep records with sufficient information to reflect on their practice may be missing opportunities to improve their work with student clients.
Cette note est consacrée à l'application à la France, pour l'année 1996, de la méthode de "comptabilité générationnelle" proposée par Auerbach, Gokhale et Kotlikoff. On fournit d'abord un exposé ...succinct de la méthode. On discute ensuite les difficultés pratiques de sa mise en œuvre dans le cas de la France : on analyse ainsi la robustesse des résultats à différentes hypothèses. La comptabilité générationnelle fournit un cadre utile à l'analyse de long terme des politiques budgétaires. Mais son approche en termes de "déséquilibre intergénérationnel" apparaît assez peu convaincante.
L’application de la méthodologie de la comptabilité générationnelle à la France conclut à l’existence d’un déséquilibre intergénérationnel. Le maintien des politiques fiscales et sociales actuelles ...conduirait à un paiement net des générations futures plus important que celui des générations actuelles. Cet article met cependant en évidence la sensibilité de l’ampleur de ce déséquilibre aux nombreuses hypothèses retenues pour l’exercice. Le déséquilibre varie en effet de 1 à 4 selon le choix effectué quant à l’individualisation des divers prélèvements, au traitement des intérêts de la dette, à la ventilation des dépenses d’éducation, à la prise en compte des investissements des administrations publiques, à la mesure de la richesse de l’État ou encore aux évolutions des profils de taxes et transferts par âge.
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