iCourts is a research center for international courts and international law at the Faculty of Law in Copenhagen. The purpose of this book is to show how the establishment, operation and ambitions of ...a research center can impact a whole field of research.
Abstract
Through its competition policy interventions, the European Commission not only addresses infringements of EU competition law by the firms directly involved but also deters possible future ...anticompetitive behaviour by these firms and other market players. The present paper associates deterrence with the diffusion of information about the competition authority’s interventions to market players. In the mixed-influence diffusion model developed below, competition policy interventions act as an external signal sent to market players. Interactions between market players, in particular through legal counsels and law firms, further propagate the interventions’ deterrent effects. The focus of the model simulations is on interventions by the European Commission. The parameters of the mixed-influence diffusion model are calibrated using survey-based information on the order of magnitude of the deterrent effects of competition policy interventions and an assessment of the reputation of the European Commission as an enforcer of EU competition rules. On this basis, estimates of the deterrent effect of each individual intervention by the European Commission can be obtained. In addition, the sensitivity of the deterrent effects of competition policy interventions to the reputation of the competition authority and to the importance of interactions between market participants is analysed.
In the era of the digital economy, companies strive to promote green innovation by enhancing their ESG performance, aiming to create new advantages for high‐quality corporate development. We ...investigate the influence and mechanism of corporate digital transformation, ESG performance, and green innovation using data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A‐share listed enterprises in China between 2012 and 2021. The study reveals that good ESG performance significantly fosters green innovation. Additionally, digital transformation plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between ESG performance and green innovation, which remains consistent even after conducting a series of robustness tests. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for improving the top‐level planning of “Digital Nation,” promoting the development of ESG concepts, and achieving “carbon peaking,” and “carbon neutrality.”
The mortgage interest deduction (MID) is costly, and half the benefits accrue to the top 10 percent of taxpayers. This paper analyzes how five modifications to the MID would affect federal individual ...income tax revenue and the distribution of the tax burden. Under full repeal, federal individual income tax revenue is estimated to increase by up to $1.3 trillion, equal to 0.7 percent of GDP, between 2012 and 2021. Converting the deduction to a 15 percent non-refundable credit could increase federal individual income tax revenue by up to $599 billion, equal to 0.3 percent of GDP, over this period.
