Earthquake-induced landslides, also called seismic landslides (SLs), are some of the most catastrophic natural hazards on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). They have frequently caused disastrous impacts on ...human society but are also important driving forces in regional evolution. The rapid development of multiple advanced techniques and more relevant studies have contributed to much progress in understanding SLs, but a synoptic survey that combines the insights of related studies to build a comprehensive understanding of SLs on the Tibetan Plateau is currently lacking. Here, we adopt recent SLs triggered by the 2005 Kashmir (Mw 7.6), 2008 Wenchuan (Mw 7.9), 2010 Yushu (Mw 6.9), 2013 Lushan (Mw 6.6), 2013 Minxian (Mw 5.5), 2015 Gorkha (Mw 7.8), 2017 Jiuzhaigou (Mw 6.5), 2017 Nyingchi (Mw 6.5), 2022 Lushan (Mw 5.8) and 2022 Luding (Mw 6.6) earthquakes on the TP to overview some advances in data preparation, spatial patterns and controls, landslide patterns and causes, movement and landslide damming, susceptibility, and long-term evolution. The study first summarizes worldwide seismic events that have triggered SLs since 2000 to confirm the TP is a SL-prone area and points out detailed SL-prone tectonic blocks on the TP. Based on landslide inventories of 10 adopted events, the study investigates the SL spatial distribution and finds tectonic and geomorphic controls of SL distribution. The landslide inventories also help us confirm the relationships of landslide sizes (SL number, SL area and SL volume) and magnitudes. Next, we summarize the landslide patterns and possible failure causes and highlight that seismic amplification could play an important role for SL occurrence on steep mountains. We use two important indicators, namely, landslide mobility (H/L) and landslide velocity, to reveal SL movement characteristics; we analyze the characteristics of SL damming, dam breaks and outburst floods; we analyze the SL susceptibility process and propose the most common landslide controlling factors (altitude, slope, PGA, seismogenic faults, rivers and stratigraphy) for SL susceptibility; we analyze postseismic evolution using two important indicators, namely, landslide activity and debris flow activity. Finally, we compare the results with other earthquakes worldwide and find that the TP is more sensitive to SLs; SL distribution laws of other worldwide seismic events are not fully consistent with those of the TP, including few seismic liquefaction landslides occur on the TP, while it is common for coastal earthquakes, and SLs on the TP require longer recovery periods.
Environmental pollution is a recognized issue of major concern since a wide range of contaminants has been found in aquatic environment at ngL−1 to μgL−1 levels. In the year 2000, a strategy was ...defined to identify the priority substances concerning aquatic ecosystems, followed by the definition of environmental quality standards (EQS) in 2008. Recently it was launched the Directive 2013/39/EU that updates the water framework policy highlighting the need to develop new water treatment technologies to deal with such problem. This review summarizes the data published in the last decade regarding the application of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) to treat priority compounds and certain other pollutants defined in this Directive, excluding the inorganic species (cadmium, lead, mercury, nickel and their derivatives).
The Directive 2013/39/EU includes several pesticides (aldrin, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, dicofol, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan, isodrin, heptachlor, lindane, pentachlorophenol, chlorpyrifos, chlorfenvinphos, dichlorvos, atrazine, simazine, terbutryn, diuron, isoproturon, trifluralin, cypermethrin, alachlor), solvents (dichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and its derivatives (PFOS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nonylphenol and octylphenol, as well as the three compounds included in the recommendation for the first watch list of substances (diclofenac, 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and 17-beta-estradiol (E2)). Some particular pesticides (aclonifen, bifenox, cybutryne, quinoxyfen), organotin compounds (tributyltin), dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, brominated diphenylethers, hexabromocyclododecanes and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate are also defined in this Directive, but studies dealing with AOPs are missing.
AOPs are recognized tools to destroy recalcitrant compounds or, at least, to transform them into biodegradable species. Diuron (a phenylurea herbicide) and atrazine (from the triazine chemical class) are the most studied pesticides from Directive 2013/39/EU. Fenton-based processes are the most frequently applied to treat priority compounds in water and their efficiency typically increases with the operating temperature as well as under UV or solar light. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is the second most used treatment to destroy pollutants defined in the Directive. Ozone alone promotes the partial oxidation of pollutants, and an increase in the effluent biodegradability, but complete mineralization of pollutants is difficult. To overcome this drawback, ozonation has been combined with heterogeneous catalysts, addition of H2O2, other AOPs (such as photocatalysis) or membrane technologies.
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•AOPs to treat priority compounds listed in the Directive 2013/39/EU are reviewed.•Fenton-based processes, photocatalysis and ozonation are the most frequently applied.•Importance of AOPs to treat recalcitrant compounds is emphasized.
There is growing evidence of the clinical significance of daytime masked hypertension (MHT) and blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV). Recently, watch‐type wearable devices for self‐BP measurement ...have become available. Such devices might be promising tools to identify patients with daytime MHT or large BPV in their real‐life conditions. The present study aimed to validate the accuracy of the Omron HEM‐6410T‐ZM and the Omron HEM‐6410T‐ZL, which are automatic watch‐type wearable devices for self‐BP measurement, according to the American National Standards Institute, Inc/Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/International Organization for Standardization (ANSI/AAMI/ISO) 81060‐2:2013 guideline. Watches were held with the wrist at heart level. The mean differences between reference BPs and HEM‐6410T‐ZM readings were −0.9 ± 7.6/‐1.1 ± 6.1 mm Hg for systolic BP (SBP)/diastolic BP (DBP) for criterion 1, and −0.9 ± 6.8/‐1.1 ± 5.5 mm Hg for SBP/DBP for criterion 2. The mean differences between reference BPs and HEM‐6410T‐ZL readings were 2.4 ± 7.3/0.7 ± 7.0 mm Hg for SBP/DBP for criterion 1, and 2.4 ± 6.5/0.7 ± 6.5 mm Hg for SBP/DBP for criterion 2. The Omron HEM‐6410T‐ZM and the Omron HEM‐6410T‐ZL both fulfilled both validation criteria 1 and 2 of the ANSI/AAMI/ISO 81060‐2:2013 guidelines.
The quality of education is reflected through the personality, knowledge and skills and skills possessed by students, a manifestation of the implementation of the curriculum 2013 in learning. The ...purpose of the study is to analyze the implementation of the curriculum 2013 in the form of planning, implementation and assessment in accounting learning at private vocational schools in Palembang City. The population of this study is a private vocational school in the city of Palembang. While the research sample is a sample with a purpose, as many as 12 private vocational schools each with 2 (two) teachers, as respondents where the school concerned has a major in Accounting and Institutional Finance and is accredited A. The sources of data collected are in the form of primary data, namely observations and questionnaires. Methods or data analysis using descriptive analysis. The results of the research are the implementation of the Curriculum 2013 in private vocational schools in Palembang City and the role of educators in the implementation of the curriculum 2013 in terms of the aspect of learning planning that is "Appropriate", while for the implementation of learning and learning assessment it is in the "Good" category. However, it is necessary to improve the quality of learning so that every indicator or aspect in the implementation of the curriculum 2013 meets learning standards and becomes even better.
The rapid advancement of data and correspondence innovation in all areas of life has marked the beginning of the 21st century. the Indonesian government for this situation continues to strive to ...further develop the parts of teaching at each level economically by changing the world of training improvement. One of them is to implement 21st century inventive learning structures. The type of technique used in this research is library research. This strategy limits its implementation to only using library resources to obtain research information, without directing field research, collecting library information, perusing, recording, and handling disparate data on improving education plans in Indonesia to face the demands of 21st century capabilities through various related sources. The basic standards of 21st century learning include: training must be cooperative (teaching must work together), learning must be organized (learning must have organization), guidance must be student focused (learning focused on students), schools should be included with the community (schools should be coordinated with the local area). There are two things such as two basic methodologies in the discovery of K-13 which are very closely related to the needs of the 21st century, namely demand and logical methodologies that are used as references in creating different 21st century inventive learning models.
Pharmaceuticals are commonly found both in the aquatic and the agricultural environments as a consequence of the human activities and associated discharge of wastewater effluents to the environment. ...The utilization of treated effluent for crop irrigation, along with land application of manure and biosolids, accelerates the introduction of these compounds into arable lands and crops. Despite the low concentrations of pharmaceuticals usually found, the continuous introduction into the environment from different pathways makes them ‘pseudo-persistent’. Several reviews have been published regarding the potential impact of veterinary and human pharmaceuticals on arable land. However, plant uptake as well as phytotoxicity data are scarcely studied. Simultaneously, phytoremediation as a tool for pharmaceutical removal from soils, sediments and water is starting to be researched, with promising results. This review gives an in-depth overview of the phytotoxicity of pharmaceuticals, their uptake and their removal by plants. The aim of the current work was to map the present knowledge concerning pharmaceutical interactions with plants in terms of uptake and the use of plant-based systems for phytoremediation purposes.
Splitting of the nuclei of comets into multiple components has been frequently observed but, to date, no main-belt asteroid has been observed to break up. Using the Hubble Space Telescope, we find ...that main-belt asteroid P/2013 R3 consists of 10 or more distinct components, the largest up to 200 m in radius (assumed geometric albedo of 0.05) each of which produces a coma and comet-like dust tail. A diffuse debris cloud with total mass ~2 x 10 super(8) kg further envelopes the entire system. The velocity dispersion among the components, Delta V ~ 0.2-0.5 m s super(-1), is comparable to the gravitational escape speeds of the largest members, while their extrapolated plane-of-sky motions suggest a break up between 2013 February and September. The broadband optical colors are those of a C-type asteroid. We find no spectral evidence for gaseous emission, placing model-dependent upper limits to the water production rate < or =1 kg s super(-1). Breakup may be due to a rotationally induced structural failure of the precursor body.
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