We read with interest the article by Ahn et al in Liver International.
This study evaluated the predictive performance of various parameters at treatment baseline and 12 months of treatment with ...entecavir or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) through logistic regression and machine-learning methods, and demonstrated that the logistic lasso regression algorithm using cirrhosis at baseline and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level and platelet count at 12 months of treatment exhibited the best performance compared with several extant HCC risk scores.
A região metropolitana de Belém no estado do Pará possui poucos parques urbanos, dos quais os mais importantes são Parque Estadual do Utinga (PEUt) e a Área de Proteção Ambiental Estadual de Belém ...(APA Belém). A maioria dos estudos botânicos nessas unidades conservação não levaram em consideração os padrões de estrutura e florística entre as fitofisionomias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar inventário florístico para comparar a abundância de indivíduos e a riqueza e composição de espécies entre as fitofisionomias. Os dados do inventário foram coletados em 2018 e 2019 em campinarana, floresta de terra firme, floresta de igapó e floresta de várzea. Foram registrados 1.085 indivíduos, em 57 famílias e 162 espécies. Houve variação significativa do número de indivíduos e de espécies entre as fitofisionomias. A campinarana obteve menor abundância de indivíduos e de espécies. Houve nítida separação da composição de espécies. Existe variação da diversidade beta (habitats) entre os tipos de vegetações e esta que deve considerada nas ações de manejo dessas unidades a fim de proteger a maior parte da flora.
The Faculty of Legal and Political Sciences of the National University of the Altiplano of Puno, has made an effort to provide teachers and students with a text on the APA in Spanish, which concerns ...the structures of the cited, references, figures and tables.
Encapsulation of live cells in protective, semipermeable microcapsules is one of the kernel techniques for in vitro tissue regeneration, cell therapies, and pharmaceutical screening. Advanced ...fabrication techniques for cell encapsulation have been developed to meet different requirements. Existing cell encapsulation techniques place substantial constraints on the spatial patterning of live cells as well as on the compartmentalization of heterotypic cells. Alginate‐Poly‐L‐lysine‐alginate (APA) microcapsules that use sodium alginate as the polyanion and poly‐L‐lysine (PLL) as the polycation have been extensively employed for cell microencapsulation due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. This study proposes a novel method for developing programmable Janus APA microcapsules with variable shapes and sizes by using electrodeposition. By the versatile design of the microelectrode device, sequential electrodeposition is triggered to electro‐address the cells at specific locations immobilized within a Janus APA microcapsule. The osteogenesis is evaluated by resembling cell compartmentalized and vascularized osteoblast‐laden constructs. This technique allows precise spatial patterning of heterotypic cells inside the APA microcapsule, enabling the observation of cellular growth, interactions, and differentiation in a well‐controlled chemical and mechanical microenvironment.
Janus alginate‐Poly‐L‐lysine‐alginate (APA) microcapsules are successfully developed based on a programmable electrodeposition method, enabling spatially high‐resolution cell patterning. The method allows precise patterning of heterotypic cells within the compartmentalized APA microcapsules. The osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells is evaluated by resembling cell compartmentalized and vascularized osteoblast‐laden constructs, indicating the cell compartmentation's effect on cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation.
We examined the percentage of p values (.05 < p ≤ .10) reported as marginally significant in 44,200 articles, across nine psychology disciplines, published in 70 journals belonging to the American ...Psychological Association between 1985 and 2016. Using regular expressions, we extracted 42,504 p values between .05 and .10. Almost 40% of p values in this range were reported as marginally significant, although there were considerable differences between disciplines. The practice is most common in organizational psychology (45.4%) and least common in clinical psychology (30.1%). Contrary to what was reported by previous researchers, our results showed no evidence of an increasing trend in any discipline; in all disciplines, the percentage of p values reported as marginally significant was decreasing or constant over time. We recommend against reporting these results as marginally significant because of the low evidential value of p values between .05 and .10.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused many deaths worldwide. To date, the mechanism of viral immune escape remains unclear, which is a great obstacle to developing effective ...clinical treatment. RNA processing mechanisms, including alternative polyadenylation (APA) and alternative splicing (AS), are crucial in the regulation of most human genes in many types of infectious diseases. Because the role of APA and AS in response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remains unknown, we performed
de novo
identification of dynamic APA sites using a public dataset of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) RNA-Seq data in COVID-19 patients. We found that genes with APA were enriched in innate immunity -related gene ontology categories such as neutrophil activation, regulation of the MAPK cascade and cytokine production, response to interferon-gamma and the innate immune response. We also reported genome-wide AS events and enriched viral transcription-related categories upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Interestingly, we found that APA events may give better predictions than AS in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that APA could act as a potential therapeutic target and novel biomarker in those patients. Our study is the first to annotate genes with APA and AS in COVID-19 patients and highlights the roles of APA variation in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The 3′ UTR (UTR) of human mRNAs plays a critical role in controlling protein expression and function. Importantly, 3′ UTRs of human messages are not invariant for each gene but rather are shaped by ...alternative polyadenylation (APA) in a cell state-dependent manner, including in response to T cell activation. However, the proteins and mechanisms driving APA regulation remain poorly understood. Here we show that the RNA-binding protein CELF2 controls APA of its own message in a signal-dependent manner by competing with core enhancers of the polyadenylation machinery for binding to RNA. We further show that CELF2 binding overlaps with APA enhancers transcriptome-wide, and almost half of 3′ UTRs that undergo T cell signaling-induced APA are regulated in a CELF2-dependent manner. These studies thus reveal CELF2 to be a critical regulator of 3′ UTR identity in T cells and demonstrate an additional mechanism for CELF2 in regulating polyadenylation site choice.
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•The RNA-binding protein CELF2 competes for binding with 3′ end processing factors•CELF2 regulates a broad program of cellular alternative polyadenylation (APA)•Increased CELF2 protein upon cell stimulation drives stimulation-induced APA•CELF2 regulates RBFOX2 expression by limiting use of a distal polyadenylation site
Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is broadly regulated during cellular activation. Chatrikhi et al. demonstrate that the RNA-binding protein CELF2 competes with CFIm25 and CstF64 for binding around polyadenylation sites. Increased expression of CELF2 upon cellular activation alters this competition and is a key driver of activation-induced APA.
L’école, sollicitée pour prendre en charge des initiatives socio-éducatives, tarde à porter intérêt aux déficiences multiples des enfants scolarisés. En EPS les élèves en situation de handicap ...moteur, se retranchent un peu « naturellement » derrière une dispense médicale. Les objectifs, et les contenus d’apprentissage élaborés dans les curriculums, ne laissent pas beaucoup de place aux handicaps avec à la clef une stratégie d’évaluation reposant essentiellement sur une performance physique et technique 1. Par ailleurs, les textes législatifs élaborés à propos de l’EPS, ont souvent comme référent l’essor du sport d’élite ou de performance, et de surcroît un enseignant adopte les attitudes d’un entraîneur spécialisé, et s’impose logiquement à lui-même une démarche sur la base d’une pratique spécialisée/sportive avec un groupe/classe hétérogène à tous les niveaux 2. L’objectif de cette étude est de déterminer si les enseignants du 03, départements répartis sur les collèges d’Alger, ont plutôt une visée de formateur/enseignant ou d’entraîneur.
Une évaluation des représentations de l’ensemble des enseignants du 03 département répartis sur les collèges d’Alger, a été réalisé à l’aide d’un questionnaire spécialement réalisé pour cette étude.
L’analyse des près de 300 réponses fait ressortir que 275 soit 91,66 % d’entre eux ont plutôt une conception sportive compétitive de leur matière, marginalisant implicitement la tranche d’élèves en situation de handicap, alors que les objectifs de l’EPS sont axés sur l’aspect éducatif inhérent à l’approche par compétences.
En affirmant une identité éducative très poussée, l’EPS peut beaucoup apporter à tous les individus/élèves sans exception dans toutes leurs dimensions et peut intégrer, avec bénéfices, la tranche handicapée avec des retombées sociales, sanitaires et scolaires. Celle-ci passe cependant par une nécessaire évolution des représentations de la discipline des enseignants d’EPS pour les faire évoluer vers une conception plus éducative et moi sportive.
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•The 1110 Ma Rio Perdido pole passed a baked contact test and meets six out of the seven pole’s reliability criteria.•The Rio Apa Terrane (RAT) was likely linked to the southwestern ...Amazonian Craton at 1110 Ma.•The RAT and the Paraguá Terrane (PT) had a joint geological evolution during the Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic.
The Rio Apa Terrane (RAT) is situated at the south end of the Amazonian Craton (AC) separated from it by the aulacogen Tucavaca belt. It encompasses basement rocks that evolved mainly during the Paleoproterozoic. Its relationship to the AC during Proterozoic is yet undefined, although geologic, geochronologic and isotopic evidence suggest it was close to the Ventuari-Tapajós and Rio Negro-Juruena Provinces at Paleoproterozoic and linked to southwestern AC at ca. 1320 Ma. Aiming to elucidate the paleogeographic relation of the RAT to the AC during the Proterozoic, we performed a paleomagnetic study of the 1110 Ma Rio Perdido mafic dike swarm that crosscut the RAT. These dikes strike preferentially WNW-ESE and are mostly undeformed and unmetamorphosed. Magnetic experiments (hysteresis curves, isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) curves, thermomagnetic curves and first order reverse curves-FORCs) revealed pseudo-single domain (PSD) Ti-poor titanomagnetite as the main magnetic carrier in these dikes. Alternating field (AF) and thermal demagnetization were efficient in isolating southwestern and northeastern directions with low inclinations, whose mean direction (Dec = 51.8°, Inc = −0.8°, N = 14, α95 = 13.8°, k = 9.3) yielded the paleomagnetic pole (RP) at 34.8°S/197.3° (A95 = 10.9°). This pole passed a baked contact test and meets 6 out of 7 pole reliability criteria (R = 6). The Rio Perdido pole implies that RAT could be linked to the southwestern AC at 1110 Ma but rotated counterclockwise ∼ 110° related to its present position. The AC linked to RAT probably belonged to the 1100 Ma Umkondia megacontinent which later collided with Laurentia during the formation of Rodinia at ca. 1000–900 Ma. Also, paleomagnetic data suggest that the RAT and the southwestern AC (Paraguá Terrane) were linked to Ventuari-Tapajós and Rio Negro-Juruena provinces at ca. 1780 Ma and had a joint geological evolution during the Paleo- and Mesoproterozoic. Finally, during the amalgamation of West Gondwana, the RAT rotated clockwise to its present position.
The present study used an online behavioral instruction program to teach accurate American Psychological Association (APA) citation formatting to nine graduate students. The participants completed ...two self‐paced, online training modules targeting the correct formation of full reference and in‐text citations, which consisted of the three elements of behavioral instruction: multiple practice opportunities, mastery criteria, and automatic feedback provided contingent on response. Training occurred using a concurrent multiple baseline design across skills (for seven participants) or nonconcurrently across participants (for two participants). Most participants did not correctly use APA citation formatting when probed in the baseline condition. Following training, participants increased their accuracy in APA citations across trained and novel exemplars. Two participants’ data showed limited functional control due to increases in baseline. One participant required an additional visual checklist to reach the mastery criterion for one skill. Social validity was also assessed with overall confidence in using APA citation formatting increasing following completion of the modules. Participants reported overall satisfaction with the online modules stating that they were helpful in teaching correct citation implementation and were easy to use. Limitations to the current study and future uses of behavioral instruction as a technology are discussed.
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