This volume explores and addresses questions related to equitable access for assessment. It seeks to initiate a conversation among scholars about inclusive practices in language assessments. Whether ...the student is a second language learner, a heritage language learner, a multilingual language speaker, a community member, the authors in the present volume provide examples of assessment that do not follow a single universal or standardized design but an applicable one based on the needs and context of a given community. The contributors in this volume are scholars from different disciplines and contexts in Higher Education. They have created and proposed multiple lower-stakes assignments and accommodated learning by being flexible and open without assuming that learners know how to do specific tasks. Each chapter provides different examples on Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (JEDI) assessment practices based on observation, examination, and integrative notions of diverse language scenarios. It may be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the fields of curriculum and instruction, language learning, and applied linguistics as well as those in the field of language teaching in general. Thus this volume broadens the scope of research in the area of multilingual assessment.
Special schools are special schools for children with special needs who aims to provide opportunities for children in obtaining education. SLB Pekanbaru Pembina State is a special education and ...special service (PK-LK) which has goals and targets to a) Produce students who are able to compete in this era of globalization globalization b) Produce students who are able to apply the utilization of science and technology optimally. This school handles students who have mental and physical limitations and intellectuals or called with disabilities, this school is located at Jalan Segar No. 46 Rejosari Village, Tenayan Raya District, Pekanbaru City, was founded by the Ministry of Education and Culture National Education in 1998, the Decree on the Appointment of the Pembina State SLB was issued by Minister of National Education No.13a/O/1998. On January 29, 1998, SLB Negeri The supervisor of Pekanbaru is currently led by Mr. Moelya Eko Suseno, S.Kom, M.TI, M.Pd. This school has teacher educators from graduates of Special Education (S1, S2 and even S3) the current number of SLB teachers is 55 people (all majors of visual impairment), administrative staff 7 people. For students from the level (SDLB, SMPLB and SMALB) totaling 367 people (all disabilities). The development of the Pekanbaru Pembina State SLB from year to year experienced an increase, especially in the students, then the infrastructure, facilities and infrastructure other infrastructure. This SLB is in accordance with its vision and mission to prioritize student independence, then the Pembina SLB program is prioritized on student skills. If in percentage then, Academic (30%) and Skills (70%). To achieve goals, targets, With this vision and mission, it is necessary to develop skills for SLB students. The problems contained in the Pembina State SLB Pekanbaru are: 1) The results of the Agricultural skills are not maximized, 2) Agricultural skills are not yet based on IT and 3) Lack of knowledge of teachers and students related to IT-based Product Marketing Management. Based on these problems, the solutions offered include: 1) Will be carried out guidance to increase students' knowledge in agricultural skills, 2) Will implement IoT-based Hydroponic plant cultivation and 3) provide counseling, training and guidance to students how to do management marketing of products produced with IT.
Although children have prompted and participated in numerous acts of protest and advocacy, their words and labors are more likely to be dismissed than discussed as serious activism. Whether treated ...disparagingly by antagonistic audiences or lauded as symbols of hope by sympathetic ones, children and teens are rarely considered capable organizers and advocates for change. In Just Kids, Risa Applegarth investigates youth-organized activism from the 1990s to the present, asking how young people have leveraged age as a rhetorical resource, despite material and rhetorical barriers that limit their access to traditional forms of electoral power. Through case studies of antinuclear activism, im/migration activism, and activism for gun reform, this book reveals how childhood both limits and enables rhetorical possibility for young people. Drawing on interviews and focus group discussions with activists, Applegarth probes how participants understand the success and failure of their efforts beyond the immediate moment of impact. Methodologically innovative, Just Kids develops a framework of reflexive agency to make sense of how participants’ activism has mattered over time within their lives and communities.
We introduce a static detector, Saber, for detecting memory leaks in C programs. Leveraging recent advances on sparse pointer analysis, Saber is the first to use a full-sparse value-flow analysis for ...detecting memory leaks statically. Saber tracks the flow of values from allocation to free sites using a sparse value-flow graph (SVFG) that captures def-use chains and value flows via assignments for all memory locations represented by both top-level and address-taken pointers. By exploiting field-, flow- and context-sensitivity during different phases of the analysis, Saber detects memory leaks in a program by solving a graph reachability problem on its SVFG. Saber, which is fully implemented in Open64, is effective at detecting 254 leaks in the 15 SPEC2000 C programs and seven applications, while keeping the false positive rate at 18.3 percent. Saber compares favorably with several static leak detectors in terms of accuracy (leaks and false alarms reported) and scalability (LOC analyzed per second). In particular, compared with Fastcheck (which analyzes allocated objects flowing only into top-level pointers) using the 15 SPEC2000 C programs, Saber detects 44.1 percent more leaks at a slightly higher false positive rate but is only a few times slower.
The volume contains Andrea Trovesi’s linguistic writings, hitherto scattered in various journals and miscellanies, all characterized by a pragmatic approach. The first part collects studies on Slavic ...vocative conducted from a comparative-historical perspective ranging from Proto-Slavic to modern Slavic languages. These focus in particular on categorical transformations of the vocative, its relics, so-called ‘new vocatives,’ and pragmatic values developed in the various Slavic languages. The second part of the volume is devoted to modal meanings of the imperfect in a Slavic-Romance contrastive framework. The research privileges Bulgarian, but does not neglect the other Slavic languages of which it analyzes interesting residual peripheral aspects of such linguistic usage. Both lines of research presented here stand out for their originality and theoretical value considered from a point of view that leads from Slavic linguistics to the broader perspective of linguistics as a science of language.
Fault attacks can target smart card programs to disrupt an execution and take control of the data or the embedded functionalities. Among all possible attacks, control-flow attacks aim at disrupting ...the normal execution flow. Identifying harmful control-flow attacks and designing countermeasures at the software level are tedious and tricky for developers. In this paper, we propose a methodology to detect harmful inter- and intra-procedural jump attacks at the source code level and automatically inject formally proven countermeasures into a C code. The proposed software countermeasures protect the integrity of individual statements at the granularity of single C statements. They support many control-flow constructs of the C language. The countermeasure scheme can detect an attack early either inside a control-flow construct or only at its exit. The secured source code defeats 100% of attacks that jump over at least two C source code statements. Experiments showed that the resulting code is also hardened against unexpected function calls and jump attacks at the assembly code level. Securing a source code automatically and extensively with our scheme degrades the performance. The performance overhead of our countermeasures on three well-known encryption algorithms available in C ranged from +41% to +138% on an x86 platform and from +45% to +217% on an ARM-v7 platform. However, combining code rewriting with hardening of sensitive code regions identified by the weakness detection step enables an application to be fully hardened while limiting the overhead.
Captioning and Subtitling for d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing Audiences is a comprehensive guide to the theory and practice of captioning and subtitling, a discipline that has evolved quickly in recent ...years. This guide is of a practical nature and contains examples and exercises at the end of each chapter. Some of the tasks stimulate reflection on the practice and reception, while others focus on particular captioning and SDH areas, such as paralinguistic features, music and sound effects.The requirements of d/Deaf and hard of hearing audiences are analysed in detail and are accompanied by linguistic and technical considerations. These considerations, though shared with generic subtitling parameters, are discussed specifically with d/Deaf and hard of hearing audiences in mind. The reader will become familiar with the characteristics and needs of d/Deaf and hard of hearing audiences, and the diversity – including cultural and linguistic differences – within this group of people. Based on first-hand experience in the field, the book also provides a step-by-step guide to making live performances accessible to d/Deaf and hard of hearing audiences. As well as exploring all linguistic and technical matters related to the creation of captions, aspects related to the overall set up of the captioned performance are discussed. The guide will be valuable reading to students of audiovisual translation at undergraduate and postgraduate level, to professional subtitlers and captioners, and to any organisation or venue that engages with d/Deaf and hard of hearing people. ; Captioning and Subtitling for d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing Audiences is a comprehensive guide to the theory and practice of captioning and subtitling.
«This comprehensive, insightful and well-researched work is an essential and timely contribution to sustaining the training of healthcare interpreters. It provides an important foundation for ...trainers, researchers and practitioners, based on a thorough and up-to-date reflection on the challenges and needs of healthcare interpreting today, and on the development of training materials for interpreter trainers carried out by the European project ReACTMe. It is a rich, powerful, compelling and much needed book in the field of healthcare interpreting studies.» (Dora Sales, Senior Lecturer, Department of Translation and Communication, Jaume I University, Spain) «This volume breaks new ground by examining health inequities through a pedagogical and justice-oriented lens in the context of healthcare interpreting in Spain, Italy and Romania. By foregrounding specialized training that targets both emerging interpreters as well as trainers, the authors offer a fresh look at teaching and learning for healthcare interpreters by offering authentic, creative resources that can be adapted for any national context.» (Melissa Wallace, Associate Professor of Translation and Interpreting Studies and Director of the Graduate Certificate in Translation & Interpreting Studies, University of Texas at San Antonio, USA) Medical Interpreting: Training the Professionals presents the results of the project Research & Action and Training in Medical Interpreting (ReACTMe) funded by the European Commission, which analysed the interpreting services offered in healthcare settings in Spain, Italy and Romania. This edited collection provides the reader not only with an update on the current situation regarding medical interpreting from different perspectives (decision makers, trainers, professional interpreters, healthcare providers and patients) but also with training resources and a proposal for an academic programme to teach medical interpreters. It is therefore ideal reading for medical interpreting trainers, researchers and practitioners. The book is also of interest to healthcare professionals as it includes a decalogue on how to work with interpreters in five languages.
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