The impact of slope aspect on hydrological rainfall and on the magnitude of rill erosion has rarely been studied. The dominant wind direction in Belgium and northern France is the southwest, which ...brings large amounts of rain with it. We investigated whether this leads to greater rates of rill erosion on the southwestern slopes, due to the greater amount of hydrological precipitation on these slopes. The study was executed on six barren conical spoil heaps, which are excellent study objects to bring the slope aspect in relation with rill erosion. Three indicators for rill erosion (volume of rills, drainage density and mean distance of the head cut of the five uppermost rills till the top of the spoil heap) were associated with four explanatory factors (slope gradient, vegetation density, rock fragment cover and slope aspect). The amount of hydrological rainfall is the greatest on the western and southwestern slopes. As a result, the largest volume of rills was measured on the slopes facing the southwest (96%), which indicates that there is a connection between the slope aspect and the magnitude of rill erosion. On the northeastern (32%) and eastern (36%) slopes the volume of rills is lower due to the effect of rain shadow. The other explanatory factors showed little influence on the magnitude of rill erosion, as the spoil heaps were selected to be similar in as many parameters as possible.
•Hydrological rainfall for high intensity rainfall events was modelled and mapped.•It was linked to the magnitude of rill erosion on conical mine spoil heaps.•Rill volumes on windward slopes are three times higher than on leeward slopes.
Kristiaan Borret is bouwmeester (master architect) for the Brussels area. His job is to encourage and oversee the city's urban development. Here he describes the context of this development and gives ...various examples of creative ways to facilitate bringing production activities back into the urban zone. There is a lively public appreciation of the need to foster this integration as it is adding a new vitality of hybrid forms and functions that further animates city living.
La découverte de l’œuvre de Dostoïevski en Belgique est considérée ici dans divers aspects de sa dimension sociale : criminalité, politique carcérale, justice, histoire de l’art, etc. La vogue du ...roman slave donne lieu à l’évocation des rapports entre socialisme, matérialisme, nihilisme, philosophie à l’allemande et « libé ralisme à l’anglaise », en référence à Moleschott, Büchner, Schopenhauer ou au journal Kolokol. La défense d’Humiliés et offensés est illustrée par l’activisme politique de socialistes belges ou hollandais, dans des journaux « libéraux »
comme La Réforme, qui signale une correspondance ethnique entre les Russes et les Wallons, rapprochés par une histoire victimaire. Mais les périodiques destinés à la bourgeoisie, comme Le Soir, opposent surtout au régime d’oppression qui règne en Russie la liberté dont est censée jouir la population belge. Il arrive aussi que la question du crime conduise à une interrogation sur la légitimité du tyrannicide, à propos du cas d’un « Raskolnikov italien », et que la presse interroge, à propos de Sonia, le regard porté par la bonne société sur la prostitution.
Dostoevsky in the Belgian Press (1875-1900)
The discovery of Dostoevsky’s work in Belgium helped discuss social issues such as criminality, prison policy, justice, art history, etc. The vogue for Slavic novels led to a general discussion over the connections between socialism, materialism, nihilism, German-style philosophy and “English-style liberalism”, with references
to the works of Moleschott, Büchner, and Schopenhauer, or to the journal Kolokol. The
defence of The Insulted and Injured was in strumentalized by Belgian and Dutch socialists as a part of their political activism. “Liberal” newspapers like La Réforme, for instance, used it to point out an ethnic resemblance be tween Russians and Walloons, who shared a similar history of victimhood. Periodicals in tended for a bourgeois readership, such as Le Soir, discussed Dostoevsky too, in order to contrast the oppressive regime prevailing in Russia with the freedom supposedly enjoyed
by the people of Belgium. The question of crime, so central to Dostoevsky, helped discuss
whether tyrannicide is legitimate, as in the case of an “Italian Raskolnikov”. Finally, discussing Sonia helped the Belgian press reflect on the attitude of polite society towards prostitution.
Electoral absenteeism is a common studied subject in the Anglo-Saxon and French scientific world. But researches about it in Belgium, where voting is compulsory are not far from being null. The ...purpose of this article is to analyze how variables such as age, ethnic origins, gender and social and economical status are important regarding the abstention rate. Two analysis will be done successively: an individual one in five different voting stations in Charleroi then an ecological one via a multivariate analysis in four former municipalities of the city of Charleroi. It shows the significant importance of the age and origin factors in both individual and ecological studies. On the other hand, the gender fact has no real impact on the abstention rate as long as the age is not taken into account. Furthermore, the multivariate study emphasizes the fact that an immigrate environment clearly tends to rise up the abstention rate, whereas the social status does not influence this reality that much. In the end, we can point out that the abstention rate is more significant in areas where there are a lot of rest homes inside this specific region of Belgium .
Extended description:
Interviews de Francis Beck (Ingénieur - Tec) et de Véronique Benoit (Directrice commerciale - Tec Charleroi).
Information:
Presentation of the Charleroi metro on the occasion of ...the inauguration of a new branch, a missing downtown loop between the South Railway Station and the Parc Station.
Original language summary:
Présentation du métro de Charleroi à l’occasion de l’inauguration d’un nouveau tronçon, la boucle centrale qui relie la Gare du Sud à la station Parc.
Extended description:
NEGATIEF (STOM) Mijnramp Marcinelle 52.41 Uitleg over de ramp aan de hand van tekening op krijtbord 57.38
Information:
Original language summary:
Uitleg over de mijnramp in ...Marcinelle die vooral onder de mijnwerkers van Italiaanse oorsprong veel slachtoffers maakte.
Explanation of the mining disaster in the little town of Marcinelle who made many victimas especiaaly among the italian migrant mine workers's community.
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