Widespread specimen digitization has greatly enhanced the use of herbarium data in scientific research. Publications using herbarium data have increased exponentially over the last century. Here, we ...review changing uses of herbaria through time with a computational text analysis of 13,702 articles from 1923 to 2017 that quantitatively complements traditional review approaches. Although maintaining its core contribution to taxonomic knowledge, herbarium use has diversified from a few dominant research topics a century ago (e.g., taxonomic notes, botanical history, local observations), with many topics only recently emerging (e.g., biodiversity informatics, global change biology, DNA analyses). Specimens are now appreciated as temporally and spatially extensive sources of genotypic, phenotypic, and biogeographic data. Specimens are increasingly used in ways that influence our ability to steward future biodiversity. As we enter the Anthropocene, herbaria have likewise entered a new era with enhanced scientific, educational, and societal relevance.
Although grounded theory and qualitative content analysis are similar in some respects, they differ as well; yet the differences between the two have rarely been made clear in the literature. The ...purpose of this article was to clarify ambiguities and reduce confusion about grounded theory and qualitative content analysis by identifying similarities and differences in the two based on a literature review and critical reflection on the authors’ own research. Six areas of difference emerged: (a) background and philosophical base, (b) unique characteristics of each method, (c) goals and rationale of each method, (d) data analysis process, (e) outcomes of the research, and (f) evaluation of trustworthiness. This article provides knowledge that can assist researchers and students in the selection of appropriate research methods for their inquiries.
Drawing from clinical and organizational narcissism research, we develop a novel measure of narcissistic rhetoric, investigating its prevalence in a sample of 1863 crowdfunding campaigns. An ...experiment using 1800 observations further validates our measure and confirms our hypothesized inverted-U relationship between narcissistic rhetoric and crowdfunding performance. Leveraging social role theory, we explore sex, sexual orientation, and race as potential moderators of this relationship. Moderation tests reveal LGBTQ entrepreneurs generally yield greater performance when using narcissistic rhetoric than heterosexuals while racial minorities underperform Caucasians using narcissistic rhetoric. Our findings suggest successful crowdfunding campaigns must balance narcissistic rhetoric with entrepreneurs' perceived social roles.
•Narcissistic rhetoric has an inverted-U relationship with crowdfunding performance.•We create a comprehensive measure of narcissistic rhetoric using content analysis.•Impact of narcissistic rhetoric is shaped by entrepreneurs' adherence to prevalent social roles.•Entrepreneur sex, sexual orientation, and race influence investor responses to narcissistic rhetoric.
How open is innovation? Dahlander, Linus; Gann, David M.
Research policy,
07/2010, Letnik:
39, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This paper is motivated by a desire to clarify the definition of ‘openness’ as currently used in the literature on open innovation, and to re-conceptualize the idea for future research on the topic. ...We combine bibliographic analysis of all papers on the topic published in Thomson's ISI Web of Knowledge (ISI) with a systematic content analysis of the field to develop a deeper understanding of earlier work. Our review indicates two inbound processes: sourcing and acquiring, and two outbound processes, revealing and selling. We analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these different forms of openness. The paper concludes with implications for theory and practice, charting several promising areas for future research.
The Marvel Cinematic Universe has become one of the most successful and popular franchises worldwide due to its continuous development. Therefore, this essay employs content analysis to investigate ...the worldbuilding and character develop issues in the Marvel Cinematic Universe productions. The findings reveal that the dense interconnections within the productions of the franchise makes it challenging for new audiences to enter. The repetition and declined quality of the plot of the Marvel Cinematic Universe’s productions after Avengers: Endgame (2019) has also made old fans begin to lose interest. The imbalance between old and new characters leads the franchise to an awkward situation. To address these problems, Marvel can slow down the pace of new releases, so that the new audiences will be given more time to know the fictional world by catching up previous productions. Besides, Marvel Studios can have more time to improve the quality of their works to maintain the attraction to old audiences. Furthermore, they should focus on balancing the development of both old and new characters to better serve different audiences.
Examinamos las investigaciones científicas sobre la presencia mexicana en España de los años de 2000 a 2020. Realizamos una revisión documental y un análisis de contenido, los resultados muestran un ...progresivo aumento de trabajos en las últimas dos décadas, publicados principalmente en España. Predominan los académicos adscritos a universidades españolas y tanto hombres como mujeres tienen una participación muy igualitaria. Historia, es la disciplina que más estudios aporta. Sobresalen los artículos en revistas académicas y capítulos de libro de temáticas sobre la imagen pública del país, el México Contemporáneo y la inmigración.
Organs‐on‐chip (OoCs) are catching on as a promising and valuable alternative to animal models, in line with the 3Rs initiative. OoCs enable the creation of three‐dimensional (3D) tissue ...microenvironments with physiological and pathological relevance at unparalleled precision and complexity, offering new opportunities to model human diseases and to test the potential therapeutic effect of drugs, while overcoming the limited predictive accuracy of conventional 2D culture systems. Here, we present a liver‐on‐a‐chip model to investigate the effects of two naturally occurring polyphenols, namely quercetin and hydroxytyrosol, on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using a high‐content analysis readout methodology. NAFLD is currently the most common form of chronic liver disease; however, its complex pathogenesis is still far from being elucidated, and no definitive treatment has been established so far. In our experiments, we observed that both polyphenols seem to restrain the progression of the free fatty acid‐induced hepatocellular steatosis, showing a cytoprotective effect due to their antioxidant and lipid‐lowering properties. In conclusion, the findings of the present work could guide novel strategies to contrast the onset and progression of NAFLD.
Gori and coworkers developed a microfluidic model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) within a liver‐on‐a‐chip platform, to assess the effect of two natural polyphenols (namely, quercetin and hydroxytyrosol) via high‐content analysis. The two polyphenols showed a hepatoprotective activity against free fatty acid overload, thus reducing hepatic steatosis. This work suggests a potential application of quercetin and hydroxytyrosol in the treatment of NAFLD, and underlines the emerging role of organs‐on‐chip in disease modelling.
This study explores the relationship between phonology and Arabic language learning by analyzing document publications indexed in Scopus from 1980 to 2022. Focusing on maharah kalam (speaking skills) ...phonology, this study investigates its integration into Arabic education, the prominent affiliations, and researchers' search approaches. Using bibliometric analysis, the findings reveal an irregular annual publication pattern, mostly articles (181 document articles). The University of Haifa leads with 19 articles, and Amayreh MM. is the most prolific author (five articles). Sub-content trends vary over the decade. Recommendations include increased publications, exploring the University of Haifa's role, and encouraging Indonesian researchers. The study concludes with future research avenues, emphasizing expanded publications and exploring the University of Haifa's impact. In summary, it provides insights into phonology and maharah kalam studies, identifies contributors, and suggests future directions within Scopus publications from 1980 to 2022.
The Belt and Road Initiative can be seen as a country‐level policy of Inside‐Out open innovation. Through the content analysis of presidential speeches and the exploratory case studies of high‐speed ...rail and semiconductor industries in China, we clarify the role of the government as an orchestrator of open innovation and developing dynamic capabilities. State‐owned enterprises, privately‐owned companies, and foreign firms differentially affect the innovation performance of these industries, and the latter kinds of firms need greater support to implement the stated goals for open innovation in Chinese presidential speeches effectively.
Background Standardised packaging of tobacco products has been a contested policy issue in the UK since 2011. The measure would entail prohibition of brand imagery, colours and promotional text from ...tobacco products and packaging, with a key objective being to reduce youth smoking uptake. It has been opposed by transnational tobacco companies. By mapping their corporate political activity (CPA), knowledge and understanding of corporate opposition to public health measures can be deepened. Methods Qualitative content analysis of textual and visual documents where opposition to standardised packaging was expressed (n = 270), obtained via the internet using snowball sampling. Targeted media monitoring, freedom of information requests, tobacco industry document searches, and key informant interviews informed the data collection process. Organisations opposed to standardised packaging were identified from collated documents and internet searches were used to ascertain links between identified organisations and transnational tobacco companies. Documents were qualitatively coded using NVivo 10 for political activities, opposing arguments, and analysed for relationships between organisations, activities and arguments. Political science literature on CPA was used to inform interpretation of results. Results 138 organisations were coded as opposing standardised packaging of tobacco products between 2011 and 2013 in the UK. The organisations with the most documents associated with them were transnational tobacco companies, and front groups, lobby groups and think tanks partly or fully funded by them (31 organisations, 165 documents). Qualitative relationships were identified between these organisations’ activities and arguments: 1) external constituency building, used in public venues to promote illicit tobacco, economic impact and libertarian arguments; 2) direct lobbying, used in political venues to promote illicit tobacco and economic impact arguments and critique the policy process; 3) shaping the evidence base, used in both public and political venues to support arguments relating to illicit tobacco, economic impact, and the strength of evidence in favour of the measure; 4) constituency fragmentation, used in both public and political venues to highlight alleged weaknesses of the evidence base and flaws in the policy process. Discussion Transnational tobacco companies have strategically funded front groups, lobby groups and think tanks, thereby creating the impression of a broad constituency against standardised packaging. The dual focus of tobacco corporations’ CPA on public and political venues – ‘venue-shopping’ – and the multiplicity of their arguments have provided tobacco corporations with the opportunity to attract support, influence the focus of the policy debate – ‘agenda-setting’ – and, possibly, delay legislation aimed at improving public health in the UK.
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