In this introduction to a classic philosophical text, Catherine Wilson examines the arguments of Descartes' famous Meditations, the book which launched modern philosophy. Drawing on the ...reinterpretations of Descartes' thought of the past twenty-five years, she shows how Descartes constructs a theory of the mind, the body, nature, and God from a premise of radical uncertainty. She discusses in detail the historical context of Descartes' writings and their relationship to early modern science, and at the same time she introduces concepts and problems that define the philosophical enterprise as it is understood today. Following closely the text of the Meditations and meant to be read alongside them, this survey is accessible to readers with no previous background in philosophy. It is well-suited to university-level courses on Descartes, but can also be read with profit by students in other disciplines.
The Battle of the Gods and Giants Redux is a collection of 14 original essays in early modern philosophy by leading scholars in the field presented in honor of Thomas M. Lennon.
In this study, Tom Sorell seeks to rehabilitate views that are often instantly dismissed in analytic philosophy. His book serves as a reinterpretation of Cartesianism and responds directly to the ...dislike of Descartes in contemporary philosophy. To identify what is defensible in Cartesianism, Sorell starts with a picture of unreconstructed Cartesianism, which is characterized as realistic, antisceptical but respectful of scepticism, rationalist, centered on the first person, dualist, and dubious of the comprehensiveness of natural science and its supposed independence of metaphysics. Bridging the gap between history of philosophy and analytic philosophy, Sorell also shows for the first time how some contemporary analytic philosophy is deeply Cartesian, despite its outward hostility to Cartesianism.
Descartes' Natural Philosophy Stephen Gaukroger, John Schuster, John Sutton / Stephen Gaukroger, John Schuster, John Sutton
2000, 20030827, 2003, 2003-08-27
eBook
The most comprehensive collection of essays on Descartes' scientific writings ever published, this volume offers a detailed reassessment of Descartes' scientific work and its bearing on his ...philosophy. The 35 essays, written by some of the world's leading scholars, cover topics as diverse as optics, cosmology and medicine, and will be of vital interest to all historians of philosophy or science.
Descartes's notion of subjectivity changed the way characters would be written, performed by actors, and received by audiences. His coordinate system reshaped how theatrical space would be conceived ...and built. His theory of the passions revolutionized our understanding of the emotional exchange between spectacle and spectators. Yet theater scholars have not seen Descartes's transformational impact on theater history. Nor have philosophers looked to this history to understand his reception and impact. After Descartes, playwrights put Cartesian characters on the stage and thematized their rational workings. Actors adapted their performances to account for new models of subjectivity and physiology. Critics theorized the theater's emotional and ethical benefits in Cartesian terms. Architects fostered these benefits by altering their designs.
The Mind-Body Stage provides a dazzlingly original picture of one of the most consequential and confusing periods in the histories of modern theater and philosophy. Interdisciplinary and comparatist in scope, it uses methodological techniques from literary study, philosophy, theater history, and performance studies and draws on scores of documents (including letters, libretti, religious jeremiads, aesthetic treatises, and architectural plans) from several countries.
How did the relations between philosophy and science evolve during the 17th and the 18th century? This book analyzes this issue by considering the history of Cartesianism in Dutch universities, as ...well as its legacy in the 18th century. It takes into account the ways in which the disciplines of logic and metaphysics became functional to the justification and reflection on the conceptual premises and the methods of natural philosophy, changing their traditional roles as art of reasoning and as science of being. This transformation took place as a result of two factors. First, logic and metaphysics (which included rational theology) were used to grant the status of indubitable knowledge of natural philosophy. Second, the debates internal to Cartesianism, as well as the emergence of alternative philosophical world-views (such as those of Hobbes, Spinoza, the experimental science and Newtonianism) progressively deprived such disciplines of their foundational function, and they started to become forms of reflection over given scientific practices, either Cartesian, experimental, or Newtonian.
This is a collection of Paul Hoffman’s wide-ranging essays on Descartes composed over the past twenty-five years. The essays in Part I include his celebrated “The Unity of Descartes’ Man,” in which ...he argues that Descartes accepts the Aristotelian view that soul and body are related as form to matter and that the human being is a substance; a series of subsequent essays elaborating on this interpretation and defending it against objections; and an essay on Descartes’ theory of distinction. In the essays in Part II he argues that Descartes retains the Aristotelian theory of causation according to which an agent’s action is the same as the passion it brings about, and explains the significance of this doctrine for understanding Descartes’ dualism and physics. In the essays in Part III he argues that Descartes accepts the Aristotelian theory of cognition according to which perception is possible because things that exist in the world are also capable of a different way of existing in the soul, and he shows how this theory figures in Descartes’ account of misrepresentation and in the controversy over whether Descartes is a direct realist or a representationalist. The essays in Part IV examine Descartes’ theory of the passions of the soul: their definition; their effect on our happiness, virtue, and freedom; and methods of controlling them.
L'histoire de la pensée occidentale est jalonnée de grandes « querelles », comme celle des universaux ou celle des anciens et des modernes. C’est à travers de tels débats, comme ceux qui, durant la ...seconde moitié du xxe siècle, ont opposé en France Gueroult et Alquié ou Foucault et Derrida, que, à notre époque, elle reste vivante. En prenant en considération certains aspects surprenants de sa réception, on mesure à quel point une doctrine comme celle de Descartes, qu’aucune entreprise académique n’est parvenue à momifier, appelle des engagements de pensée pratiqués au présent, et répugne à une appréhension objective ou prétendue telle, qui, en la considérant à distance, la relèguerait dans un passé révolu. L’œuvre de Descartes reste pour nous encore en grande part une énigme, et ainsi elle constitue une invitation ou une provocation à penser, en nous tenant à l’écart des idées touts faites : c’est par là, et non par les certitudes acquises dont elle serait porteuse, qu’elle se révèle incontournable pour qui s’intéresse à la philosophie.
