The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries witnessed the transformation of the old rural order to the modern class society. While historians have studied this transition as it occurred in individual ...countries, Jerome Blum offers the first view of it as a European experience tha transcended political frontiers.
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Canikli-zâdeler; Canik sancaǧinda yerel derebeylerden biri olarak yükselmişti. Trabzon vilayetinde de yerel derebeylerin isyan edip halki ezdikleri bir dönemde vali olarak atanip bir hanedan olarak ...geniş bir bölgeyi üç nesil ard arda yönetmişlerdir. 1757yilinda mirmiranlik rütbesi ile Trabzon valiliǧine atanan Süleyman Paşadan sonra; 1773 de Vezir rütbesi ile kardeşi Ali Bey, Trabzon Valisi olarak atandi. 1778 yilinda Kirim Seraskerliǧi görevinde iken verilen emirleri dinlemeyen Ali Paşa isyan edip Rus kontrolündeki Kirim'a siǧinmişti. 1781 de Ali Paşa af edildi ve vezirlikle Trabzon vilayeti tekrar kendine verildi. Benzer durumlari ölümünden sonra Trabzon valiliǧine atanmiş Büyük oǧlu Battal Hüseyin Paşa ve O'nun oǧlu Tayyar Mahmut Paşa da yaşamiştir. Tayyar Mahmut Paşa babasinin yerine Trabzon valisi ve Misir seraskeri olmuştu. Misir dönüşünde Rumeli'deki Daǧli eşkiyasini tedip etmek üzere görevlendirilir ve görevini başari ile tamamlayip Trabzon'a döner. İsyan eden Tayyar Mahmut Paşa Rusya'ya iltica etti. Kirim'da ikamet ederken, İstanbul'da III. Selim tahtan indirildi. IV. Mustafa tahta çikti. Tayyar Mahmut Paşa 1807 Temmuz'unda Kirimdan İstanbul'a geldi. Gelmesinden IV. Mustafa memnun olmuştu. Sadaret Kaymakamliǧi görevine getirildi. Sonra bu görevden ve vezirlikten azl edilip Varna'ya sürüldü ve Aǧustos 1808 de Varna'da idam edildi.
Estudio de la génesis y aplicación en Salamanca del decreto de las Cortes generales y extraordinarias de Cádiz que, con fecha 26 de mayo de 1813, ordenó a los ayuntamientos destruir los signos de ...vasallaje existentes en sus términos, como consecuencia de la abolición del régimen señorial (decreto de 6 de agosto de 1811).
In this article I aim to do a analysis of the institutions of the feudal Romanian principalities using the framework of inclusive and extractive institutions laid down by Acemoglu, Robinson and ...Johnson, which I have supplemented with a third type of institutions – non-inclusive ones. I argue that Romanian feudalism was rather similar to the one employed in the western European realms, unlike the current scientific and historical consensus and that the prevalence and consolidation of several extractive institutions, both internal and external has led to continued stagnation, political and economic, of the Romanian medieval territories.
This paper reviews and reinterprets the representation of the Kali Age Crisis as the reflection of feudalism, thus analyzing the feudalism debate. It substantiates the argument that the Kali Age ...Crisis did not represent feudalism. The apprehension of Brahmanas regarding the Kali Age did not emerge from political decentralization. It was the result of the competition from Jainism, particularly in south India. The Brahmanas were wary of the Jainas consuming a major share of the state patronage, thereby depriving the Brahmanas of the material resources, which they aimed to monopolize.
When was the last time you participated in an election for an online group chat or sat on a jury for a dispute about a controversial post? Platforms nudge users to tolerate nearly all-powerful ...admins, moderators, and “benevolent dictators for life.” In Governable Spaces, Nathan Schneider argues that the internet has been plagued by a phenomenon he calls “implicit feudalism”: a bias, both cultural and technical, for building communities as fiefdoms. The consequences have spread far beyond online spaces themselves. Feudal defaults train us to give up on our communities’ democratic potential, inclining us to be more tolerant of autocratic tech CEOs and authoritarian politicians. But online spaces could be sites of a creative, radical, and democratic renaissance. Schneider shows how the internet can learn from governance legacies of the past to become a more democratic medium, responsive and inventive unlike anything that has come before. “A prescient analysis of how we create democratic spaces for engagement in the age of polarization. Governable Spaces is new, impeccably researched, and imaginative.” — Zizi Papacharissi, Professor of Communication and Political Science, University of Illinois at Chicago “This visionary book points a way to scrapping capitalist realism for community control over our digital spaces. Nathan Schneider generously brings together disparate wisdom from abolitionists, Black feminists, and cooperative software engineers to spark our own imaginations and experiments.” — Lilly Irani, author of Chasing Innovation: Making Entrepreneurial Citizens in Modern India “From feminist theory to blockchain governance, this dizzying array of topics pulls readers out of their comfort zone and forces a novel look at very old questions.” — Ethan Zuckerman, Associate Professor of Public Policy, Communication, and Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst
Ho Xuan Huong was a famous Vietnamese poet who lived in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. She left behind many unique poems with a poetic style that is both thanh (right and pur vulgar) or tục ...(vulgar and dirty) and was dubbed “the Queen of Nom Poetry”. While nom poetry is a genre of poetry passed down from generation to generation without original text, Huong is considered one of the unique poets of Vietnamese literature. Many of her works have been lost; up to now, her poems still in circulation are mainly oral Nom poems. Her poetic system focuses primarily on promoting the role of women under the harsh regime of the feudal dynasty which is expressed to honor women while mocking and pointing out the negative aspects of the regime of “trọng nam khinh nữ" (male chauvinism, to value men above women). Using qualitative research methods and referencing several previous studies combined with a survey of some historical data, is the main method of this research. Researching feminism in Huong’s nom poetry allows future generations to have a more complete and comprehensive view of the condition of women under feudalism, ideas that are ahead of their time and humanely profound; from there, determine its value and significance to the current issue of gender equality.
