Connectivity is probably the most basic building block of the IoT paradigm. Up to now, the two main approaches to provide data access to things have been based on either multihop mesh networks using ...short-range communication technologies in the unlicensed spectrum, or long-range legacy cellular technologies, mainly 2G/GSM/GPRS, operating in the corresponding licensed frequency bands. Recently, these reference models have been challenged by a new type of wireless connectivity, characterized by low-rate, long-range transmission technologies in the unlicensed sub-gigahertz frequency bands, used to realize access networks with star topology referred to as low-power WANs (LPWANs). In this article, we introduce this new approach to provide connectivity in the IoT scenario, discussing its advantages over the established paradigms in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, and architectural design, particularly for typical smart city applications.
Development of information technologies has taken revolution in automation technology. The use of new telecommunication technologies makes possible observing diagnostic parameters from distance and ...to undertake maintenance activities based on result of observation. In this way is possible to eliminate and prevent a lot of slowdowns – that contributes increase of availability and reliability of machine works
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•Waste monitoring using high-end technologies has been discussed.•Integration of technological approaches is needed for efficient waste management.•Compiled environmental and ...economical relevance of waste management technologies.•Strategic innovations in municipal solid waste management have been focused.•Tools for hazard monitoring have been included.
Rapid population growth, combined with increased industrialization, has exacerbated the issue of solid waste management. Poor management of municipal solid waste (MSW) not only has detrimental environmental consequences but also puts public health at risk and introduces several other socioeconomic problems. Many developing countries are grappling with the problem of safe disposing of large amounts of produced municipal solid waste. Unmanaged municipal solid waste pollutes the environment, so its use as a potential renewable energy source would aid in meeting both increased energy needs and waste management. This review investigates emerging strategies and monitoring tools for municipal solid waste management. Waste monitoring using high-end technologies and energy recovery from MSW has been discussed. It comprehensively covers environmental and economic relevance of waste management technologies based on innovations achieved through the integration of approaches.
One of the most important developments in the energy industry is the evolution of smart grids, which record minute details of voltage levels, energy usage, and other critical electrical variables ...through General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)-enabled meters. This phenomenon creates an extensive dataset for the optimization of the grid system. However, the minute-by-minute energy details recorded by GPRS meters are challenging to store and manage in physical storage resources (old techniques lead to a memory shortage). This study investigates using the distributed file system, replicated Gluster, as a reliable storage option for handling and protecting the enormous volumes of data produced by smart grid components. This study performs two essential tasks. (1) The storage of virtual data received from GPRS meters and load flow analysis of SynerGee Electric 4.0 software from the smart grid (we have extracted electrical data from 16 outgoing feeders, distributed lines, in this manuscript). (2) Tele-trafficking is performed to check the performance of replicated Gluster (RG) for virtual data (electrical data received from the smart grid) storage in terms of User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), data flow, and jitter delays. This storage technique provides more opportuni11ty to analyze and perform smart techniques efficiently for future requirement, analysis, and load estimation in smart grids compared to traditional storage methods.
The power theft is one of the main problems facing the electric energy sector in Iraq, where a large amount of electrical energy is lost due to theft. It is required to design a system capable of ...detecting and locating energy theft without any human interaction. This paper presents an effective solution with low cost to solve power theft issue in distribution lines. Master meter is designed to measures the power of all meters of the homes connected to it. All the measured values are transmitted to the server via GPRS. The values of power for all energy meters within the grid are also transmitted. The comparison between the power of the master meter and all the other meters are transmitted to the server. If there is a difference between the energy meters, then a theft is happened and the server will send a signal via GSM to the overrun meter to switch off the power supply. Raspberry pi is used as a server and equipped and programmed to detect the power theft.
Smart irrigation using WSN based on IOT Krishna Anne, VP; R V Siva Naga Durg, Kuricheti; Krishna Muddineni, Rama ...
International journal of engineering & technology (Dubai),
2018, Letnik:
7, Številka:
2.8
Journal Article
To set right the usage of water for crops of agriculture an automated irrigation system has been implemented. A moisture soil sensor; and a temperature measure sensor which is called as network of ...the distributed wireless is used at base of the plant. Along with these, we implemented a gateway unit. which gathers information and regulate it and by activating the triggers actuators, it can send and receive the transmits data to and from the web application. I proposed the algorithm which having the temperature and soil moisture threshold values that embedded in a gate way based on micro controller. It implemented panels of the photovoltaic; and having a duplex communication link; and works with the interface i.e. cellular-Internet which offers that data inspection & irrigation timing. All this can be programmed by using a web page. Implemented automated Crop water saving system tested for 136 days in sage crop field. It can be saved 90% water compared to others. The main 3 advantages of this automated system make it place successfully in any place for 18 months. As it is energy self-rule, cost less, so it can be efficiently useful in limited water geographical lands.
•Development of a small, compact and autonomous unit for convenient use in agricultural facilities.•Testing and installation of several soil and water moisture sensors in conjunction with the ...developed device to manage the irrigation.•Sample and sending rates estimation to accomplish optimal agronomic information with a battery powered device.
Water is an essential resource for the development of agriculture. In several locations like the south-east of Spain water is scarce and its cost is high, so optimal management of this important resource is essential. Therefore, the application of irrigation strategies to improve the watering process, affects the profitability of crops quite significantly. It is necessary to carry out the instrumentation of the variables that affect the growing process of the crop (soil, water and plant) and use the techniques associated with this instrumentation to take actions to optimize the production. The system proposed in this paper uses information and communication technologies, allowing the user to consult and analyze the information obtained by different sensors from any device (computer, mobile phone or tablet) in an easy and comfortable way. The proposed architecture is based on different wireless nodes equipped with GPRS connectivity. Each wireless node is completely autonomous and makes use of solar energy, giving it virtually unlimited autonomy. Different commercial sensors for measuring the wide range of parameters of the soil, plant and atmosphere can be connected to the nodes. The data is sent and processed on a remote server, which stores the information of the sensors in a database, allowing further consultation and analysis of data in a simple and versatile way.
The excessive emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the construction industry are currently receiving global attention. Many breakthroughs have been made in assessing GHG emissions, including ...pre- and post-evaluation methods. However, the real-time monitoring of GHG emissions has not been studied on a large scale. The real-time GHG emissions of construction sites must be monitored, and the use of clean energy and technologies must be facilitated by comparing real-time GHG emissions under different mechanical and energy use conditions. Thus, this study proposes a cyber-physical system (CPS)-based real-time monitoring and visualization of the GHG emissions of prefabricated construction, which is widely practiced in the construction industry. In this system, acceleration sensors monitor the operational status of tower cranes, barometric sensors monitor the running state of construction elevators, and a Global Positioning System module records the travel time of on-site transfer vehicles to detect and transmit the running time of construction machineries to a remote server via a preinstalled Wi-Fi or General Packet Radio Service module. Furthermore, the database can store the model number, quantity, and power of each element of construction machinery and GHG emission factors. Thus, GHG emissions from prefabrication sites can be calculated in real time using the specified quantitative model in the remote server. In addition, GHG emission data can be displayed using a visual model and 2D charts on fixed and mobile devices. The development process of each part of the CPS-based system is also described in this paper.
•Realizing the real-time monitoring and visualization of GHG emissions.•Enriching the research results of GHG emissions for prefabricated construction.•Guiding the use of cleaner energy or technology in construction industry.
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