Inventario astros de diamante cielo despejado árboles sin hojas muro de cemento puerta de hierro mesa de madera vaso de cristal humo de tabaco taza de café hoja de papel torre de palabras hoja de ...papel taza de café humo de tabaco vaso de cristal mesa de madera puerta de hierro muro de cemento árboles sin hojas cielo despejado astros de diamante Poesía en forma de pájaro azul brillante el Ojo el pico anaranjado el cuello el cuello el cuello el cuello el cuello el cuello el cuello herido pájaro de papel y tinta que no vuela que no se mueve que no canta que no respira animal hecho de versos amarillos de silencioso plumaje impreso tal vez un soplo desbarata la misteriosa palabra que sujeta sus dos patas patas patas patas patas patas patas patas patas a mi mesa Eielson, sin embargo, considera todavía que no ha encontrado su sede definitiva; y en 1951 se traslada a Italia, donde por fin se siente «en casa». A veces recuerdo La luz de su nublado cielo Y la acaricio Como se acaricia una perla En el bolsillo (de Sin título, 2000) Nazca Madre nuestra que estás en la arena Y en el aire del desierto Tú que modelas nuestra vida Y nuestra muerte con la arcilla Y con el fuego de los siglos Madre del viento y del Pacífico infinito Ciudad invisible que quizás no existes Pero vives en mis células antiguas Haz que nuestros ojos Sean cada vez más puros No nos dejes morir sin haber visto Aunque sea sólo un instante Tu centelleante dibujo Entre las dunas amarillas ... (de Celebración, 2001) Al fin -tal vez sentía que el tiempo se acortaba y quería dar una imagen abarcadora de lo suyo-, Eielson se decide a conjugar contemporáneamente la palabra, la «poesía escrita», con la imagen, la «poesía de la forma», sea esta dibujo, pintura o escultura. De esta nueva serie se dio un adelanto en 1997, en ocasión de las jornadas dedicadas a su obra en el King's College de Londres, con la plaquette Nudos/Knots? en versión bilingüe nspañol-mgtés preparada por Wiüi am Rowe; y más tarde salió la gdirtón ríe1 liqrg /Çerdir, una veodaderg l oya ecütori al, publicada en 2002.5 Por cierto, no es casual que esta consciente conjunción de sus lenguajes expresivos se haya realizado con el nudo. Una manzana roja sobre la yerba verde Es una manzana roja sobre la yerba verde Mirad el silencio de los pájaros Escuchad el perfume de las flores (de Naturaleza muerta, 1958) SÉ PERFECTAMENTE QUE MI CASA Es una estrella Que se llama vida Y que esa estrella es la tierra Y que después tendré otra casa En otra estrella Llamada muerte (de Sin título, 2000) En ese ciclo circular el goce de vivir y el deleite artístico se unen y confunden, se conjugan en una sola armonía que era la que Jorge Eduardo comunicaba a quien le estaba cerca, simplemente con su mirada, con su risa, con su humor, con la generosidad con la que abrió sus brazos al mundo y se dio a él.
A forgotten century marks the years between the Ming dynasty's (1368–1644) turbulent founding and its sixteenth-century age of exploration and economic transformation. In this period of social ...stability, retired scholar-official Lu Rong chronicled his observations of Chinese society in Miscellaneous Records from the Bean Garden (Shuyuan zaji). Openly expressing his admirations and frustrations, Lu provides a window into the quotidian that sets Bean Garden apart from other works of the biji genre of "informal notes." Mark Halperin organizes a translated selection of Lu's records to create a panorama of Ming life. A man of unusual curiosity, Lu describes multiple social classes, ethnicities, and locales in his accounts of political intrigues, farming techniques, religious practices, etiquette, crime, and family life. Centuries after their composition, Lu's words continue to provide a richly textured portrait of China on the cusp of the early modern era. The open access publication of this book was made possible by a grant from the James P. Geiss and Margaret Y. Hsu Foundation.
Paul McGhee and humor research Goldstein, Jeffrey; Ruch, Willibald
Humor (Berlin, Germany),
05/2018, Letnik:
31, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Humor research has developed along a trajectory, and branched out in many directions, that were foreseen and stimulated by Paul McGhee. From his initial interest in children’s humor and cognitive ...development as a graduate student at Ohio State University to his work applying humor in myriad settings, McGhee has broadened our understanding of humor and expanded its horizons. As early as the 1970s, Paul expressed interest in the neuropsychology of humor and laughter and in the evolution of humor in nonhuman primates. The development and validation of the Sense of Humor Scale is an integral part of the 7 Humor Habits Program used effectively to train humor skills. McGhee played an early role in advocating humor and laughter as a learnable tool in the promotion of health and well-being, and in the training of health-care personnel. His work has been recognized through various Lifetime Achievements awards and other honors.
The rho-associated kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway is activated via secreted bioactive molecules or via integrin activation after extracellular matrix binding. These lead to polymerization of actin ...stress fibers and formation of focal adhesions. Accumulating evidence suggests that actin cytoskeleton-modulating signals are involved in aqueous outflow regulation. Aqueous humor contains various biologically active factors, some of which are elevated in glaucomatous eyes. These factors affect aqueous outflow, in part, through ROCK signaling modulation.
Various drugs acting on the cytoskeleton have also been shown to increase aqueous outflow by acting directly on outflow tissue. In vivo animal studies have shown that the trabecular meshwork (TM) actin cytoskeleton in glaucomatous eyes is more disorganized and more randomly oriented than in non-glaucomatous control eyes. In a previous study, we introduced ROCK inhibitors as a potential glaucoma therapy by showing that a selective ROCK inhibitor significantly lowered rabbit IOP. Rho-associated kinase inhibitors directly affect the TM and Schlemm's canal (SC), differing from the target sight of other glaucoma drugs. The TM is affected earlier and more strongly than ciliary muscle cells by ROCK inhibitors, largely because of pharmacological affinity differences stemming from regulatory mechanisms. Additionally, ROCK inhibitors disrupt tight junctions, result in F-actin depolymerization, and modulate intracellular calcium level, effectively increasing SC-cell monolayer permeability.
Perfusion of an enucleated eye with a ROCK inhibitor resulted in wider empty spaces in the juxtacanalicular (JCT) area and more giant vacuoles in the endothelial cells of SC, while the endothelial lining of SC was intact. Interestingly, ROCK inhibitors also increase retinal blood flow by relaxing vascular smooth muscle cells, directly protecting neurons against various stresses, while promoting wound healing. These additional effects may help slow progressing visual field loss in glaucoma patients, making ROCK inhibitors an even more desirable anti-glaucoma agent. All evidence indicates that aqueous humor outflow is affected by cytoskeleton physiology and this information may provide valuable insight into understanding glaucoma pathology and treatment.
How does the relation between two words create humor? In this article, we investigated the effect of global and local contrast on the humor of word pairs. We capitalized on the existence of ...psycholinguistic lexical norms by examining violations of expectations set up by typical patterns of English usage (global contrast) and within the local context of the words within the word pairs (local contrast). Global contrast was operationalized as lexical-semantic norms for single-words and local contrast was operationalized as the orthographic, phonological, and semantic distance between the two words in the pair. Through crowdsourced (Study 1) and best-worst (Study 2) ratings of the humor of a large set of word pairs (i.e., compounds), we find evidence of both global and local contrast on compound-word humor. Specifically, we find that humor arises when there is a violation of expectations at the local level, between the individual words that make up the word pair, even after accounting for violations at the global level relative to the entire language. Semantic variables (arousal, dominance, and concreteness) were stronger predictors of word pair humor whereas form-related variables (number of letters, phonemes, and letter frequency) were stronger predictors of single-word humor. Moreover, we also find that semantic dissimilarity increases humor, by defusing the impact of low-valence words-making them seem more amusing-and by enhancing the incongruence of highly imageable pairs of concrete words.
This article includes comments on each contributing author’s article in this special issue of Humor. The articles represent an assessment of McGhee’s research, work on practical applications or ...influence in the following areas: 1) the development of children’s humor, 2) construction and validation of the Sense of Humor Scale (SHS), 3) usefulness of specific subscales of the SHS, including “playfulness” and “laughing at yourself,” 4) development and evaluation of the 7 Humor Habits Program—a training program for learning to use humor to cope with stress, 5) humor’s impact on physical health and emotional well being, 6) impact on the field of nursing, and 7) humor and the brain. McGhee provides here his response to each contributed article.
Glaucoma is still a poorly understood disease with a clear need for new biomarkers to help in diagnosis and potentially offer new therapeutic targets. We aimed to determine if the metabolic profile ...of aqueous humor (AH) as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy allows the distinction between primary open-angle glaucoma patients and control subjects, and to distinguish between high-tension (POAG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). We analysed the AH of patients with POAG, NTG and control subjects (n = 30/group). 1H NMR spectra were acquired using a 400 MHz spectrometer. Principle component analysis (PCA), machine learning algorithms and descriptive statistics were applied to analyse the metabolic variance between groups, identify the spectral regions, and hereby potential metabolites that can act as biomarkers for glaucoma. According to PCA, fourteen regions of the NMR spectra were significant in explaining the metabolic variance between the glaucoma and control groups, with no differences found between POAG and NTG groups. These regions were further used in building a classifier for separating glaucoma from control patients, which achieved an AUC of 0.93. Peak integration was performed on these regions and a statistical analysis, after false discovery rate correction and adjustment for the different perioperative topical drug regimen, revealed that five of them were significantly different between groups. The glaucoma group showed a higher content in regions typical for betaine and taurine, possibly linked to neuroprotective mechanisms, and also a higher content in regions that are typical for glutamate, which can indicate damaged neurons and oxidative stress. These results show how aqueous humor metabolomics based on NMR spectroscopy can distinguish glaucoma patients from controls with a high accuracy. Further studies are needed to validate these results in order to incorporate them in clinical practice.
•Aqueous humor metabolomics achieved AUC 0.93 between glaucoma patients and controls.•Aqueous humor shows neural protection and damage happen simultaneously in glaucoma.•Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy distinguishes glaucoma patients and controls.
Hydrogel composites in an aqueous media with viscoelastic properties and elastic modulus that can be precisely tailored are desirable to mimic many biological tissues ranging from mucus, vitreous ...humor, and nucleus pulposus as well as build up biosensors. Without altering the chemistry, tuning the physical interactions and structures to govern the viscoelastic properties of the hydrogels is indispensable for their applications but quite limited. Here we design a complexation gel composite and utilize the physical principle of topologically frustrated dynamical state to tune the correlated structures between the guest polycation chains and negatively charged host gels. We precisely quantify the mesh size of the host gel and guest chain size. By designing various topologically correlated structures, a viscoelastic moduli map can be built up, ranging from tough to ultrasoft, and from elastic-like with low damping properties to viscous-like with high damping properties. We also tune the swelling ratio by using entropy effect and discover an Entropy-driven Topologically Isovolumetric Point. Our findings provide essential physics to understand the relationship between entropy-driven correlated structures and their viscoelastic properties of the complexation hydrogel composites and will have diverse applications in tissue engineering and soft biomaterials.
En el marco de la investigación desarrollada por el grupo GRIALE, una de las líneas más recientes se refiere al análisis del humor verbal infantil. Los diversos proyectos del grupo se han centrado en ...el estudio del tema en tres franjas etarias –de 8, 10 y 12 años– que abarcan la etapa de educación primaria. La investigación se fundamenta en el análisis de las narraciones humorísticas escritas que conforman el corpus CHILDHUM, actualmente en construcción. El etiquetaje pragmático de las muestras del CHILDHUM –más de 1000 en total para las tres franjas de edad– además de las variables sociolingüísticas habituales (edad, sexo, tipo de centro), incluye la aplicación del sistema de marcas e indicadores de humor (Ruiz Gurillo, 2012; Timofeeva Timofeev y Ruiz Gurillo, 2021) que actúan como soportes lingüísticos en la creación de la comicidad. El análisis de tales marcas e indicadores permite ver la correlación entre su uso y el nivel de maduración metalingüística de nuestros informantes. Asimismo, el etiquetaje pragmático de nuestro corpus ofrece la posibilidad de observar diversos aspectos psicosociales, relativos, por ejemplo, a los estilos de humor (Martin et al., 2003) o la autoestima (Pope et al., 1988; Hosogi et al., 2012), con lo cual podemos proporcionar datos desde la lingüística sobre los procesos madurativos de las diversas competencias humanas imbricadas de alguna manera en el complejo fenómeno del humor verbal.
•Vitreous humor is a privileged fluid matrix used for postmortem biochemical analysis.•Vitreous humor is protected from postmortem contamination and degradation.•Vitreous K and amino acids can be ...used to PMI estimation.•Vitreous Na, Cl, NH4+, Glucose, Ketones, Lactate, Urea, Insulin can be used to asses ante-mortem condition.•Vitreous Na, Cl, Mg, βHB, Urea, can give additional information to identify the cause of death.
The chemical and biochemical analysis of bodily fluids after death is an important thanatochemical approach to assess the cause and time since death. Vitreous humor (VH) has been used as a biofluid for forensic purposes since the 1960s. Due to its established relevance in toxicology, a literature review highlighting the use of VH with an emphasis on endogenous compounds has not yet been undertaken. VH is a chemically complex aqueous solution of carbohydrates, proteins, electrolytes and other small molecules present in living organisms; this biofluid is useful tool for its isolated environment, preserved from bacterial contamination, decomposition, autolysis, and metabolic reactions. The post-mortem analysis of VH provides an important tool for the estimation of the post-mortem interval (PMI), which can be helpful in determining the cause of death. Consequently, the present review evaluates the recent chemical and biochemical advances with particular importance on the endogenous compounds present at the time of death and their modification over time, which are valuable for the PMI prediction and to identify the cause of death.
