A graphical method for evaluating the Langmuir favorable adsorption is proposed in this work. The conditional Langmuir constant (K L N), a new parameter related to the Langmuir equilibrium constant ...(K L), can be used to predict the shapes of Langmuir favorable adsorption isotherms. On the dimensionless Langmuir isotherm diagram, all the Langmuir favorable adsorptions (0 < R L < 1) are further divided into three subgroups: favorable adsorption, very favorable adsorption, and highly favorable or pseudoirreversible adsorption, with two critical Langmuir constants (K L N1 and K L N2) as the demarcation point. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated by analyzing 14 adsorption systems. The graphical method is effective and intuitional, and can be used for the favorable evaluation of any Langmuir isotherms. This method shows the advantage that the parameter K L N does not depend on the initial adsorbate concentration (c o) over R L method.
Editorial 2016 Best Paper Award Muscat, Anthony J.
IEEE transactions on semiconductor manufacturing,
11/2017, Letnik:
30, Številka:
4
Journal Article
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Odprti dostop
High quality scholarship requires technical excellence but also connects the work to the primary references in the field. In this way the reader advances their knowledge and gains perspective. The ...Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing supports these goals by recognizing the best paper chosen by the Associate Editors and reviewers. The winning paper was selected from 51 papers published by TSM in 2016. The winner is " Risk-Controlled Product Mix Planning in Semiconductor Manufacturing Using Simulation Optimization " by Dr. Kuo-Hao Chang published in the November 2016 issue of IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing (10.1109/TSM.2016.2602388). Dr. Chang is a professor of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Manufacturing at National Tsing Hua University in Hsinchu, Taiwan. The paper applies a method developed in another domain to find the optimal product mix in a semiconductor manufacturing line. On behalf of the associate editors, I congratulate Dr. Chang on being selected.
Part I of this three-part series described semiconductor supply chains from the decision-making and functional perspectives, using this as a framework to review the industrial engineering and ...operations research literature on the problems arising in these supply chains. Part I then reviewed the literature on Strategic Network Design, supply chain coordination, sustainability and simulation-based decision support. This paper, Part II, reviews the areas of Demand Planning, Inventory Management and Capacity Planning in semiconductor supply chains. Part III concludes the series by discussing models to support Master Planning, Production Planning and Demand Fulfilment in this industry.
To manage the impact of Industry 4.0 on industrial engineering (IE) education curriculum requirements, realistic teaching and learning infrastructure such as a learning factory are required. This ...paper scans the literature to determine Industry 4.0's principles and interactions with IE and a learning factory, surveys relevant universities by questionnaire to determine its current status and practices, and formulates didactic design parameters for an Industry 4.0 learning factory to support IE education in South Africa, making use of existing models of cyber-physical systems and learning factory morphology. In other results, the technical universities are discovered to be more positively disposed, in general terms, to developing an Industry 4.0 learning factory than are the traditional programmes which, with one exception, prefer computational facilities. Of ten universities that offer IE, only one - a traditional programme - has made significant progress towards creating an Industry 4.0 learning factory.
Biocatalysts, especially enzymes, have the ability to catalyze reactions with high product selectivity, utilize a broad range of substrates, and maintain activity at low temperature and pressure. ...Therefore, they represent a renewable, environmentally friendly alternative to conventional catalysts. Most current industrial-scale chemical production processes using biocatalysts employ soluble enzymes or whole cells expressing intracellular enzymes. Cell surface display systems differ by presenting heterologous enzymes extracellularly, overcoming some of the limitations associated with enzyme purification and substrate transport. Additionally, coupled with directed evolution, cell surface display is a powerful platform for engineering enzymes with enhanced properties. In this review, we will introduce the molecular and cellular principles of cell surface display and discuss how it has been applied to engineer enzymes with improved properties as well as to develop surface-engineered microbes as whole-cell biocatalysts.
The production of high‐quality recombinant proteins is critical to maintaining a continuous supply of biopharmaceuticals, such as therapeutic antibodies. Engineering mammalian cell factories presents ...a number of limitations typically associated with the proteotoxic stress induced upon aberrant accumulation of off‐pathway protein folding intermediates, which eventually culminate in the induction of apoptosis. In this review, we will discuss advances in cell engineering and their applications at different hierarchical levels of control of the expression of recombinant proteins, from transcription and translational to posttranslational modifications and subcellular trafficking. We also highlight challenges and unique opportunities to apply modern synthetic biology tools to the design of programmable cell factories for improved biomanufacturing of therapeutic proteins.
Changing Incentives to Publish Franzoni, Chiara; Scellato, Giuseppe; Stephan, Paula
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
08/2011, Letnik:
333, Številka:
6043
Journal Article
Recenzirano
National incentive policies relate to increases in research article submissions and publications in
Science
.
Many national governments have implemented policies providing incentives for researchers ...to publish, especially in highly ranked international journals. Although still the top publishing nation, the United States has seen its share of publications decline from 34.2% in 1995 to 27.6% in 2007 as the number of articles published by U.S. scientists and engineers has plateaued and that of other countries has grown (
1
,
2
). Hicks (
3
) argues that the two events are not unrelated: The decline in the relative performance of the United States relates to increased international competition engendered by newly adopted incentives that have crowded out some work by U.S. authors.
Photosynthetic cyanobacteria are important primary producers and model organisms for studying photosynthesis and elements cycling on earth. Due to the ability to absorb sunlight and utilize carbon ...dioxide, cyanobacteria have also been proposed as renewable chassis for carbon-neutral “microbial cell factories”. Recent progresses on cyanobacterial synthetic biology have led to the successful production of more than two dozen of fuels and fine chemicals directly from CO2, demonstrating their potential for scale-up application in the future. However, compared with popular heterotrophic chassis like Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where abundant genetic tools are available for manipulations at levels from single gene, pathway to whole genome, limited genetic tools are accessible to cyanobacteria. Consequently, this significant technical hurdle restricts both the basic biological researches and further development and application of these renewable systems. Though still lagging the heterotrophic chassis, the vital roles of genetic tools in tuning of gene expression, carbon flux re-direction as well as genome-wide manipulations have been increasingly recognized in cyanobacteria. In recent years, significant progresses on developing and introducing new and efficient genetic tools have been made for cyanobacteria, including promoters, riboswitches, ribosome binding site engineering, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated nuclease (CRISPR/Cas) systems, small RNA regulatory tools and genome-scale modeling strategies. In this review, we critically summarize recent advances on development and applications as well as technical limitations and future directions of the genetic tools in cyanobacteria. In addition, toolboxes feasible for using in large-scale cultivation are also briefly discussed.
In the past, lives and wealth have been lost due to corrosion in almost all engineering fields. Not only this, the cost of reviving damaged equipments in the industry due to corrosion contributed a ...lot to the gross domestic product of a nation. Thus, all hands must be on desk to combat this harzadous act via time to time research on its final resolution. However, current research works have revealed effective and reliable corrosion inhibitors from pharmaceutical drugs, plant extracts and ionic liquids as organic green corrosion inhibitors (OGCIs) with accommodative attributes such as being environmentally friendly, readily available, biodegradable, non-harmful, relatively cheap and many others to mention a few. This paper opens readers mind into the detailed classifications, mechanisms and active functional groups of these eco-friendly OGCIs. Not only the corrosion efficiency calculation ways but also influencing factors on efficiency were presented. Plant extracts, pharmaceutical drugs, ionic liquids and synthetic inhibitors, as among major sources of OGCIs, used in preventing material corrosion in corrosive media were separately and comprehensively examined. The significance of values obtained from simulating presented mathematical models governing OGCIs kinetics, adsorption isotherm and adsorption thermodynamics was also included. In conclusion, beneficial recommendations for both current and prospective researchers in the field of Corrosion Engineering were presented.
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