Due to the novelty and high transmission rate of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), direct medical countermeasures are urgently needed. Among actions against the further outbreak of COVID-19, ...vaccination has been considered as a chief candidate. However, the rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has led to concern about their safety and thus to public vaccine hesitancy. Strategic heath communication channels, which are widely used and highly trusted, can contribute to more effective promotions of vaccination intention and to the reduction of misleading information about COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between the exposure to and credibility of different health information sources and the COVID-19 vaccination intention among 629 German adults. Descriptive statistical analysis and multiple linear regressions are employed to examine the research questions. Results reveal that, aside from reliable information from experts and health authorities, local newspapers also have a positive impact on COVID-19 vaccination intention. However, this effect diminishes to some extent when age is considered. In addition, alternative information sources pose a noticeable threat to COVID-19 vaccination intention. Therefore, a close cooperation between healthcare experts, health authorities, and mass media with regard to information dissemination is conducive for vaccination campaigns and for the fight against misleading claims about COVID-19 vaccines.
CAS Common Chemistry (https://commonchemistry.cas.org/) is an open web resource that provides access to reliable chemical substance information for the scientific community. Having served millions of ...visitors since its creation in 2009, the resource was extensively updated in 2021 with significant enhancements. The underlying dataset was expanded from 8000 to 500,000 chemical substances and includes additional associated information, such as basic properties and computer-readable chemical structure information. New use cases are supported with enhanced search capabilities and an integrated application programming interface. Reusable licensing of the content is provided through a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial (CC-BY-NC 4.0) license allowing other public resources to integrate the data into their systems. This paper provides an overview of the enhancements to data and functionality, discusses the benefits of the contribution to the chemistry community, and summarizes recent progress in leveraging this resource to strengthen other information sources.
While COVID-19 spreads aggressively and rapidly across the globe, many societies have also witnessed the spread of other viral phenomena like misinformation, conspiracy theories, and general mass ...suspicions about what is really going on. This study investigates how exposure to and trust in information sources, and anxiety and depression, are associated with conspiracy and misinformation beliefs in eight countries/regions (Belgium, Canada, England, Philippines, Hong Kong, New Zealand, United States, Switzerland) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in an online survey fielded from May 29, 2020 to June 12, 2020, resulting in a multinational representative sample of 8,806 adult respondents. Results indicate that greater exposure to traditional media (television, radio, newspapers) is associated with lower conspiracy and misinformation beliefs, while exposure to politicians and digital media and personal contacts are associated with greater conspiracy and misinformation beliefs. Exposure to health experts is associated with lower conspiracy beliefs only. Higher feelings of depression are also associated with greater conspiracy and misinformation beliefs. We also found relevant group- and country differences. We discuss the implications of these results.
Consumers frequently use mobile phones in a store to search for external information as an alternative to consulting with frontline employees. Mobile phone usage is especially prevalent among young ...consumers. Drawing on qualitative study results and existing literature, we conceptualize the effects of different in‐store information sources on choice overload, responsibility, and confidence among young consumers, as well as the moderating role of product category knowledge. A field experiment suggests that when knowledge is low, consulting with frontline employees (vs. mobile phone) leads to lower choice overload and, consequently, increases choice confidence. When knowledge is high, these beneficial effects are attenuated. At the same time, young consumers perceive greater choice responsibility when their phone is the information source; however, this does not influence choice confidence. This work contributes to extant literature by extending the knowledge of customer experience at the point of sale, the role of technology usage in in‐store retailing, and the role of frontline employees as an information source. It also provides managerial implications for retailers by highlighting the importance of providing an opportunity for an in‐person frontline employee interaction especially when customers have low product category knowledge.
Objetivo: Esta pesquisa analisa os métodos de pesquisa usados pelos profissionais de Arqueologia no sítio arqueológico a partir da identificação de instrumentos de representação que integram a ...documentação arqueológica, buscando incluí-los como fonte de informação para a documentação museológica, fundamentada na análise da documentação arqueológica dos projetos cujas coleções foram incorporadas provisoriamente no Laboratório de Arqueologia, Sociedades e Culturas das Américas da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria entre 2008 a 2017. Metodologia: Para esse fim, é empregada a abordagem de natureza aplicada, a partir do método qualitativo, com metodologia qualitativa em sua forma e exploratória em seus objetivos, procedida através de um estudo de caso. Resultados: Como resultado se compreende que os desenhos em rascunho colaboraram para conceber os trajetos de suas próprias pesquisas em campo e as disposições espaciais e possíveis relações entre os documentos materiais depositados nos sítios arqueológicos. Conclusões: Portanto, comprovou-se a inserção dos métodos interventivos como fonte de informação do patrimônio arqueológico a partir da inclusão das representações visuais criadas pelos pesquisadores, tornando-os acessíveis para as análises pós-campo tanto dos próprios cientistas que procederam à investigação de campo como dos demais pesquisadores.
Objective: This research analyzes the archaeological methods research through the representation instruments identification, those are part of the archaeological documentation, seeking to include the interpretation of these methods research as an information source. The research is based in the analysis of archaeological documentation of Preventive Archeology projects with collections temporarily saved at the Laboratório de Arqueologia, Sociedades e Culturas das Américas da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria from 2008 to 2017, aiming to indicate which data allow visualizing and including tools that help to read archaeological methods research on field as a source of information. Methodological: For this purpose, the investigation approach is nature applied, from the qualitative method, and the methodology is qualitative in its form, and exploratory in its objectives, proceeded through a case study. Results: Therefore, it is understood that the sketch drawings collaborated to conceive the paths of their own field researches and the spatial dispositions and possible relationships between material documents deposited in archaeological sites. Conclusions: Then, the insertion of methods research was confirmed as a source of information on the archaeological heritage, based on the inclusion of visual representations created by the researchers, making them accessible for post-field analysis by the scientists who carried out the investigation of field themselves, as well as by other researchers.
Objetivo: Esta pesquisa analiza los métodos de investigación utilizados por los profesionales de la Arqueología en el sitio arqueológico a partir de la identificación de instrumentos de representación que forman parte de la documentación arqueológica, buscando incluirlos como fuente de información para la documentación museológica, a partir del análisis de la documentación de los proyectos cuyas colecciones fueron incorporadas provisionalmente al Laboratorio de Arqueología, Sociedades y Culturas de las Américas de la Universidad Federal de Santa María entre 2008 y 2017. Metodología: Para ese fin, es empleado el abordaje de naturaleza aplicada, a partir do método cualitativo, con metodología cualitativa en su forma e exploratoria en sus objetivos, procedida atrevés de un estudio de caso. Resultados: Como resultado entendiese que los bosquejos colaboraran para concebir los trayectos de sus proprios estudios en campo e las disposiciones espaciales y posibles relaciones entre los documentos materiales depositados en los sitios arqueológicos. Conclusiones: Por lo tanto, se comprobó la inserción de los métodos intervencionistas como fuente de información del patrimonio arqueológico a través de la inclusión de representaciones visuales creadas por investigadores, haciéndolas accesibles para análisis pos-campo tanto por los propios científicos que realizaron la investigación de campo como por los demás investigadores.
•This study focused on Chinese college students’ source selection and use behaviors when searching for health information online, and particularly we distinguished the selection and use behaviors.•It ...is found that students’ health-related source selection and use behaviors had the characteristics of being over-reliance on sources in Baidu's ecosystem and over-reliance on Social Q&A webpages.•Authoritative and professional health information in Chinese is less selected and used, while Wiki-type webpages are most likely to be used after being selected.•Task type showed a significant impact on students’ selection and use of three specific source types. They selected and used more Wiki-type webpages for receptive tasks, but more Social Q&A webpages and News webpage when searching to address critical health issues.
This lab-based experimental study examined college students’ source selection and use behaviors when searching for health-related information using a major Chinese search engine, Baidu.com. Participants searched for four health-related tasks, with two being receptive tasks and two critical tasks. Five types of sources were identified from students’ search logs: Social Q&A webpages (QA), Professional Health webpages (PH), News webpages (NW), Wiki-type webpages (WT), and Other. Students’ source selection and use behaviors were distinguished based on their clicking and writing behaviors during the search process. The results showed that Chinese college students heavily rely on sources in Baidu's ecosystem, with Baidu Knows, Baidu Library, Baidu Scholar, Baidu Experience, and Baidu Baike all being selected and used frequently. Overall, among all five types of sources, students selected and used Social Q&A webpages the most frequently, but the likelihood of Wiki-type webpages to be used after being selected was the highest. Professional Health Webpages specialized in providing professional medical and health care information were less selected and used than expected. Task types had a significant impact on source selection and use. Students selected and used more Wiki-type webpages for receptive tasks and more Social Q&A and News webpages to address critical tasks. More efforts are needed to improve Chinese college students’ eHealth literacy and optimize the current online health information environment.
Having a reliable source for health information is vital to build a strong foundation of knowledge, especially with the current revolution of the internet and social media, which raises many concerns ...regarding harmful effects on the health of the public. However, there are no studies on how the Saudi Arabian population seeks health information. Details about the most used and trusted sources of health information among the public will help health authorities and public awareness accounts on social media to effectively disseminate health information.
To investigate the types of sources accessed by the Saudi Arabian population while seeking health information, as well as their level of trust in the sources and to assess the impact of these sources on their perception of medical knowledge and health decision-making.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to meet the objectives. The study population included both men and women who were aged 16 years or more and visited primary care clinics at King Khalid University Hospital. Four hundred and thirteen participants were sampled using the simple random method, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (IBM Corp, Armonk, New York, USA).
A total of 413 participants were included in this study, and of these, 99 (24.0%) were males and 206 (49.9%) had a bachelor's degree. Doctors were chosen as the first source of information by 87.6% (283/323) of the participants, and they were completely trusted by most of the population (326/411, 79.3%). The second most commonly used source was pharmacists (112/194, 57.7%), and they were partially trusted by 41.4% (159/384) of the participants. Internet searches, social media, and traditional medicine were not prioritized by most of the participants as the first or second source of health information. The majority of the participants did not trust information obtained from social media, and WhatsApp was the most untrusted source. Almost half of the respondents (197/413, 47.7%) acknowledged that various sources of information can often help them understand their health problems. However, the majority disagreed on substituting a doctor's prescription with information obtained from the internet or a friend or relative.
Although physicians were preferred and highly trusted, internet sources appeared to impact the medical knowledge of the population. The population still preferred to use internet search to obtain health information prior to a doctor's visit.
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