Uvod: Leta 2013 mineva 60 let od izolacije virusa klopnega meningoencefalitisa (KME) v Sloveniji. Od takrat se slovenski infektologi, epidemiologi, virologi in drugi strokovnjaki strokovno in ...znanstvenoraziskovalno ukvarjajo s proučevanjem KME.
Ob jubileju so s historiografskimi metodami analizirali objave skozi ta čas in pripravili retrospektivno študijo pojavljanja te bolezni pri nas.
V nekaterih delih Slovenije se je v letih po drugi svetovni vojni začela pojavljati bolezen osrednjega živčevja, ki je do tedaj niso poznali. Leta 1953 so Milko Bedjanič in Slava Rus, oba infektologa, ter virologinja Jelka Vesenjak Zmijanac z osamitvijo virusa iz krvi bolnice dokazali, da je ta bolezen KME. Virologi so v naslednjih letih proučevali povzročitelja KME; številni epidemiologi so raziskovali njegove epidemiološke značilnost, entomologi in ornitologi ekosisteme arbovirusnih okužb, infektologi klinične in laboratorijske značilnosti okužb in potek okužb ter morebitne posledice bolezni. Mikrobiologi so izpopolnjevali možnosti diagnostike te okužbe. Razvili so tudi uspešno cepivo in zakonsko so določene skupine, ki se morajo obvezno cepiti.
Bolezen se je pri Slovencih ustalila kot endemski tip KME, ki jo kliniki sicer dobro obvladujejo, a je skupen trud epidemiologov in javnega zdravja usmerjen v zvišanje precepljenosti proti KME, saj je v Sloveniji ta odstotek zelo nizek in se bolezen še vedno prekomerno pojavlja.
Introduction: In the year 2013, we are celebrating the 60th anniversary of the isolation of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBE) in Slovenia. Ever since its isolation, Slovenian infectologists, epidemiologists, virologists and other experts have been researching this disease.
For this anniversary, we have historiographically analysed all qualified articles from this period and prepared a retrospective study of the appearance of the disease in Slovenia.
In certain parts of Slovenia, in the years following the Second World War, there was an increased presence of previously unknown diseases of the central nervous system. In 1953, Milko Bedjanič, Slava Rus and Jelka Vesenjak Zmijanac isolated a virus in the blood and thereby proved that the disease was indeed TBE. In the years that followed, virologists studied the cause of TBE, many epidemiologists researched its epidemic characteristics, entomologists and ornithologists studied the ecosystems of arboviral infections and infectologists studied the clinical and laboratory features of infections and the course of the disease as well as its possible consequences. Microbiologists perfected the technique of diagnosing this infection. They developed a vaccine and selected the groups that were legally obliged to be vaccinated.
the disease has stabilised as an endemic type of TBE that clinicians can control, but the common effort of epidemiologists and the public health service directed towards vaccinating people against this disease has not been very successful and the disease is still too common.
PDF