This article presents the results of a literature study related to the construction and operation of Java Virtual Machine, as well as performance tests of selected languages using the aforementioned ...runtime environment on the example of Java, Scala and Kotlin. Performance testing was carried out using two applications built using the Apache Maven archetype with the built-in Java Microbenchmark Harness library.
This publication presents the results of a comparative analysis of Java and Kotlin programming languages used to create mobile applications for system Android. The analysis covers performance aspects ...such as CPU load, RAM load, as well as the compilation and execution times. Aspects such as code structure, availability of libraries, supported databases, popularity and community support were taken under consolidation.
The article presents a comparison of Kotlin coroutines with analogous solutions in Java and Scala in parallel programming using chosen metric and non-metric criteria. For that purpose, a multi-module ...project with corresponding implementations of selected algorithms in all of the three languages was created and then analyzed. The studies were preceded by a description of the created project.
This paper discusses the issue of comparing Java and Kotlin technologies based on the web application framework. The criteria taken into account for testing purposes are: execution time, memory ...usage, CPU load, database response in set time. A series of tests and their in-depth comparative analysis are carried out. For this case, tests and code analysis were carried out to draw comparative conclusions. The performance in terms of web frameworks, database response speed and tests implementation in different languages - in all these Kotlin proved to be less efficient. There is no significant difference between CPU load between individual easurements, the difference does not exceed 2%. Implementation in the Kotlin language has never achieved the best result in any group of measurements.
Context:Kotlin is a new programming language representing an alternative to Java; they both target the same JVM and can safely coexist in the same application. Kotlin is advertised as capable to ...solve several known limitations of Java. Recent surveys show that Kotlin achieved a relevant diffusion among Java developers. Goal:We planned to empirically assess a few typical promises of Kotlin w.r.t. known Java’s limitations, in terms of development effectiveness, maintainability, and ease of development. Method:Our experiment involved 27 teams of 4 people each that completed a set of maintenance tasks (both defect correction and feature addition) on Android apps written in either Java or Kotlin. In addition to the number of fixed defects, effort, and code size, we collected, though a questionnaire, the participants’ perceptions about the avoidance of known pitfalls. Results:We did not observe any significant difference in terms of maintainability between the two languages.We found a significant difference regarding the amount of code written, which constitutes evidence of better conciseness of Kotlin. Concerning ease of development, the frequency of NullPointerExceptions reported by the subjects was significantly lower when developing in Kotlin. On the other hand, no significant difference was found in the occurrence of other common Java pitfalls. Finally, the IDE support was deemed better for Java than Kotlin. Conclusions:Some of the promises of Kotlin to be a ”better Java” have been confirmed by our empirical assessment. Evidence suggests that the effort in transitioning to Kotlin can provide some advantages to Java developers, especially regarding code conciseness.Our results may serve as the basis for further investigations on the properties of the language.
Niniejsza artykuł przedstawia analizę narzędzia do tworzenia testów automatycznych o nazwie Cucumber oraz opisuje jak dane narzędzie jest wykorzystywane w praktyce. W ramach artykułu stworzono kilka ...przypadków testowych, aby zweryfikować działanie obranego podejĞcia do testowania w programowaniu w językach Java i Kotlin, atakże został porównany czas wykonania testów w obu językachz rodziny języków obiektowych.
The purpose of Mastering Kotlin is to teach you how to leverage software designs and concepts which have made Java the most dominant Enterprise programming language. Finally, you will gain an ...understanding of implementing practical design patterns and best practices to help you master the Kotlin language.
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