Abstract
This paper presents a battery simulator based on the actual electrical behaviour of the battery cells using power supply controlled by Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench ...(LabVIEW). Firstly, the behaviours of the battery are tested under experimental conditions including constant temperatures at 25C˚ and two different current loads at 0.5C and 1C. Secondly, the battery behaviours are analysed and applied in LabVIEW. The algorithms which are low pass filter, PID and others are implemented in LabVIEW to reduce standard deviations and errors. The current study found that the constant load at 0.5C and 1C, which controlled by the electronic load via LabVIEW, can emulate the battery voltage and the error relative is below 5 %. Further work is required to establish the optimization of the parameters in the battery management system (BMS) since a battery simulator uses power sources before the use of the battery management system (BMS) with a real battery.
Displacements or deformations of materials or structures are measured with linear variable differential transducers (LVDT), fibre optic sensors, laser sensors, and confocal sensor systems, while ...strains are measured with electro-resistant tensometers or wire strain gauges. Measurements significantly limited to a point or a small area are the obvious disadvantage of these measurements. Such disadvantages are eliminated by performing measurements with optical techniques, such as digital image correlation (DIC) or electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI). Many devices applied to optical measurements only record test results and do not cooperate with the system that exerts and controls load. This paper describes the procedure for preparing a test stand involving the Digital Image Correlation system ARAMIS 6M for remote-controlled loading. The existing hydraulic power pack (ZWICK-ROELL) was adapted by installing the modern NI cRIO-9022 controller operating under its own software developed within the LABVIEW system. The application of the DIC techniques to directly control load on the real structure is the unquestionable innovation of the described solution. This led to the elimination of errors caused by the test stand susceptibility and more precise relations between load and displacements/strains which have not been possible using the previous solutions. This project is a synergistic and successful combination of civil engineering, computer science, automatic control engineering and electrical engineering that provides a new solution class. The prepared stand was tested using two two-span, statically non-determinable reinforced concrete beams loaded under different conditions (force or displacement). The method of load application was demonstrated to affect the redistribution of bending moments. The conducted tests confirmed the suitability of the applied technique for the remote controlling and recording of test results. Regardless of the load control method (with force or displacement), convergent results were obtained for the redistribution of bending moments. Force-controlled rotation of the beam section over the support was over 50% greater than rotation of the second beam controlled with an increase in the displacement.
Telah dilakukan perancangan stetoskop elektronik berbasis komputer dengan akuisisi data menggunakan NI-DAQ card. Stetoskop adalah peralatan medis yang cukup sederhana untuk menentukan kondisi pasien. ...Obyek pengamatan menggunakan stetoskop biasanya suara jantung atau suara paru. Teknik ini biasa disebut dengan auskultasi. Masalah yang timbul pada auskultasi paru atau jantung menggunakan stetoskop adalah noise lingkungan, kepekaan yang rendah, amplitudo dan frekuensi yang rendah, dan pola suara yang relatif sama. Perancangan elektronik berbasis komputer ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menyimpan sinyal suara detak di leher dan di dada. Akuisisi data dengan menggunakan NI-AQ card dan pengolahan menggunakan bahasa pemograman LabVIEW 7.1 dapat dilakukan dengan baik dan berhasil menampilkan grafik pulsa sinyal. Dari pengukuran yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil sebuah prototipe stetoskop elektronik yang dapat bekerja dengan baik untuk mendeteksi dan menentukan sinyal suara detak jantung.
Telah dilakukan perancangan stetoskop elektronik berbasis komputer dengan akuisisi data menggunakan NI-DAQ card. Stetoskop adalah peralatan medis yang cukup sederhana untuk menentukan kondisi pasien. ...Obyek pengamatan menggunakan stetoskop biasanya suara jantung atau suara paru. Teknik ini biasa disebut dengan auskultasi. Masalah yang timbul pada auskultasi paru atau jantung menggunakan stetoskop adalah noise lingkungan, kepekaan yang rendah, amplitudo dan frekuensi yang rendah, dan pola suara yang relatif sama. Perancangan elektronik berbasis komputer ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menyimpan sinyal suara detak di leher dan di dada. Akuisisi data dengan menggunakan NI-AQ card dan pengolahan menggunakan bahasa pemograman LabVIEW 7.1 dapat dilakukan dengan baik dan berhasil menampilkan grafik pulsa sinyal. Dari pengukuran yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil sebuah prototipe stetoskop elektronik yang dapat bekerja dengan baik untuk mendeteksi dan menentukan sinyal suara detak jantung.
Increasing greenhouse gases impose severe concern over the environment resulting in rising dangerous calamities of climate change in the form of floods, etc. Major disadvantages like intermittency of ...electric vehicles need to be charged after traveling fixed distance. The paper develops an algorithm for a selected industrial electric vehicle to be controlled at different speeds that envisages working on real time IoT (Internet of Things) based GPS (Global Positioning System) signals. It engages the ARM core based STM micro-controller in conjunction with mesh networked BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) to govern the operations besides enabling it to be dynamically monitored. The system design considers the vehicle parameters that include the speed of vehicle and the engine, SoC (State of Charge) and SoH (State of Health) of battery together with real time GPS based navigation system using IoT bundled GPS based maps interface. The methodology involves a closed loop monitoring with specified sequence of steps that augur the system to operate at defined speed over designated work shifts and schedules. The procedure introduces an embedded C environment with a process of unit-testing based simulation to capture the merits of schema in terms of an improved vehicle performance under varying parametric conditions.
As the use of power electronics and inductive loads on electrical supplies increases, the requirement to monitor power system quality becomes an increasingly common practice. The negative effects ...these loads have on supply balance and frequency can be reflected in the efficiency, and therefore the running costs, of said loads. With demand for analysis techniques in industry increasing, and the PC becoming a more popular tool for such applications, a low-cost PC-based electrical system analyser was proposed to demonstrate a cost-effective, accurate alternative to the expensive market-leading products. This study researches the problem at hand, the technology available, and the development and testing of the analyser in a laboratory environment. The success of this study was determined by the accuracy, cost, functionality and features of the analyser compared with those of an existing product. The final product was to be a virtual instrument (VI) PC application implemented using the industry-leading LabVIEW software package by National Instruments. Two major challenges of the study were the correct measurement of the fundamental voltage and current waveforms, and the appropriate/accurate reconstruction, manipulation and display of these signals within the software. Identification, and minimisation or correction, of measurement errors was an important factor in achieving maximum accuracy prior to software interpretation of the data. Testing and calibration were carried out with the aim of providing the most accurate signal measurement prior to data acquisition and rescaling by the software program. Industry-standard design and manufacture techniques were implemented to produce a high-quality hardware package featuring a printed circuit board, ingress protection (IP) rated enclosure and screened multicore signal cabling. The potential uses and benefits of the analyser include monitoring loads in factory floor or manufacturing environments where production costs are of significant importance; in this instance, multiple analysers could be in place over the floor to aid operators. Smaller companies using smaller amounts of large machinery may implement a PC-based system as a cheaper alternative to an expensive all-in-one unit. The study concluded that a reasonably accurate PC-based analyser could be produced on a small budget; it also highlighted the many advantages of a PC-based system in terms of usability, customisation and flexibility. A critical evaluation of the system’s performance compared to a benchmark model and further suggestions for improvement are included.
This paper presents, the development of smart online partial discharge (PD) monitoring system for medium voltage (MV) underground power cable. PD monitoring is the highly efficient tool to monitor ...insulation degradation for high voltage (HV) equipment in order to avoid failures or breakdown. Selection of improved technology and performance of PD detection sensor, effective measurement technique and smart user friendly of graphical user interface (GUI) system are contributed towards the development of efficient monitoring system. This paper addresses three main aspects which are needed in completing the monitoring system. They are, the use of Rogowski coil (RC) as detection sensor, processing unit using Alterra board and integrated with GUI PD monitoring system for underground cable using LabVIEW. The monitoring system is compared to the conventional method with the PD signal used is measured from the real on-site measurement in order to analyse its performance. The analysis is performed in MATLAB and LabVIEW software’s environment and the maximum peak of PD signal is enabled to view using GUI which complete with the location information of PD source. Furthermore, this paper has contributed to solve the problem in selection the simplified and practical approach for PD sensor and monitoring system. In the perspective of automated condition monitoring, this smart online PD monitoring system provides a complete solution towards latest industrial revolutions
Visual artifacts used in graphical designs of the mechanisms of groundwater flow problems are very influential in learning and teaching. The merits of the classical methods of problem‐solving using ...only mathematics become much less superior to those linked with interactive graphics. In this study, an interactive educational LabVIEW program is designed to graphically simulate the constructional and mathematical procedures of the two widely used field methods in groundwater engineering, the Ernst auger‐hole method, and the Bouwer–Rice slug test method, for field measurements of the hydraulic conductivity of soils below the water table. The simulations included the basic constructional steps in carrying out the auger hole and the slug test field methods. Virtual geometric wells, boreholes, and pipes are graphically and interactively designed to conduct the required field tests. The simulations of the program enabled the students to get acquainted with what should be done in the field to measure soil hydraulic conductivity and enhanced understanding of how to perform a field test. Students were able to try different field hydrological parameters, and by successively changing any hydrological field parameter, they were able to visualize graphically and interactively its influence inside the classroom. This particular step improved the student's practical standards. Conditions of validity of each field test are completely fulfilled by the program. Results of the interactive program are found to be visually interesting and extremely accurate, which made this educational program quite interesting in teaching and learning.
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