P5; Shilin is among the most interesting form of stone forest to occur in karst landscapes. They develop from karren subsoil, and their shapes, entire forests or just individual pillars and their ...rock relief, depend on the conditions under which they were formed, their location in the karst landscape,and above all on the characteristics of the rock: its composition, stratification, and fissuring. Because of the exceptional characteristics of this karst phenomenon in China, we propose that the term "shilin" be used in the professional literature for this type of stone forest.
At Deloitte, we are leading clients through the tax transformation taking place in the marketplace by helping clients transform to a digital tax platform, developing innovative future-forward tax ...departments embodied by strategic planning and compliance, and serving as enterprise partners within their organization. ...it helps tax become more self-service leveraging these tools. The next stage in the journey is to gather the shortterm automation and long-term technology life events and to build a road map, vision, and strategy to address the tsunami of change, but also the true tax transformation and ROI that could benefit both the tax organization and the corporate business partners within the organization. ...as you give the tool better data and information, AI tools, like the one Deloitte has developed, not only can generate exact results of refunds and errors, it also supports analysis of the root cause to systemic errors.
Les "forêts de pierre" sont bien connues en Chine occidentale. Nous décrivons les divers types observés dans le comté de Lunan sur le plateau du Yunnan vers 1 800 m d'altitude. Elles constituent une ...forme spectaculaire de lapiés comparables aux tsingy de Madagascar ou aux pinacles de Mulu. Au Yunnan, ces lapiés se développent dans les calcaires massifs et les dolomies du Permien et forment de hautes tours cannelées, beaucoup plus ruiniformes dans les dolomies. Ces tours peuvent atteindre 20-30 m de haut et plus rarement 40 m. Les "forêts de pierre" s'étendent par place sur des territoires de plusieurs kilomètres carrés au sein d'un karst polygonal ondulé présentant localement des reliefs de 150 m de haut. Trois phases d'évolution sont reconnues depuis le Permien : 1) karstification au Permien moyen, puis fossilisation par des basaltes continentaux au Permien supérieur,
2) érosion au Mésozoïque et re-karstifîcation, puis enfouissement sous d'épais dépôts continentaux éocènes, 3) exhumation à la fin du Tertiaire et au Quaternaire, puis re-karstification. Aucune autre "forêt de pierre" au monde ne présente une telle complexité d'évolution.
The stone forests of Lunan (Yunnan, China). " Stone forests " are well known in Southern China. We describe the type site in Lunan County on the Yunnan Plateau at about 1800 m. "Stone forests" are a spectacular form of lapies, similar to the " tsingy " of Madagascar or pinnacles of Mulu. In Yunnan they are developed in massive Permian limestones and dolomites. The "stone forests" are high fluted towers, typically more ruinform in dolostones, that attain 20-30m in height, exceptionally 40m. They occur in patches of several square kilometres in extent in a rolling polygonal karst landscape with about 150 m local relief. Three phases of evolution are recognized spanning 250 Ma from the Permian until the present : 1) Mid Permian karstification and burial by Upper Permian continental basalts, 2) Mesozoic erosion and re-karstification, then burial in the Eocene by thick continental deposits, 3) Late Tertiary and Quaternary exhumation and re-karstification. No other "stone forests " in the world show this complexity of evolution.
This chapter moves to the Sani of Lunan, familiar since the 1980s as handicraft sellers and money changers both at the Stone Forest, a tourist landmark in Sani territory, and near hotels in downtown ...Kunming. It describes how the Sani in Lunan have formulated and used their ethnic identity from the time they were first described by French missionaries in the early 1990s until they became the tourism entrepreneurs of today. The chapter also shows how native-place and ethnic identities interact in local rural resource competition through time. In rural China, migration over time is a significant factor in identity formation.
Resumen: Los depósitos de ámbar de Simojovel de Allende, Chiapas, México constituyen uno de los más importantes del Mioceno a nivel mundial; sin embargo, los estudios paleontológicos reportados en la ...zona son escasos, en especial los relacionados con las plantas. En este trabajo se amplía el registro taxonómico de las angiospermas en la localidad fosilífera, al confirmar la presencia de Salicaceae sensu lato con base en una flor bisexual, inconspicua, pedicelada, con dos cicatrices de bractéolas en la base, la presencia de 3 sépalos cóncavos, pétalos ausentes, disco hipógino, 15 estambres libres y distribuidos en dos verticilos (el externo más largo que el interno) y ovario súpero. Estos caracteres sugieren que se trata de una especie extinta del género Lunania , al presentar una mezcla de caracteres de dos especies: L. parviflora y L. mexicana . La presencia de Lunania en el Mioceno de México, constituye evidencia física de la larga historia del linaje en el país apoyando, a su vez, la presencia de una selva tropical.
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