El escenario educativo está cambiando y la demanda de revoluciones pedagógicas es cada vez más fuerte en los contextos económicos y sociales contemporáneos. En este artículo veremos cómo también la ...clase de español como lengua extranjera está involucrada en este movimiento, introduciendo el punto de vista de la arquitectura pedagógica. La intervención en el espacio del aula implica una profunda revisión metodológica y, en particular, va a apoyar dos peculiaridades de la adquisición de un idioma extranjero: el aporte multisensorial del input y la calidad de los flujos relacionales y de la comunicación.
La méthode de Maria Montessori est née en pleine expansion du mouvement de l'Éducation nouvelle. Bien qu'on la considère généralement comme l'une des figures-clé de ce courant pédagogique, elle s'en ...considère plutôt la précurseure. Certes Montessori utilise constamment la dialectique de l'éducation « ancienne » et « nouvelle » dans ses écrits et elle a des points communs avec ce mouvement, expliquant ainsi des épisodes ponctuels de collaboration avec les entités qui le représentent ; mais elle s'éloigne aussi à maintes reprises des positions mises de l'avant par les pédagogues qui en font partie. Pour saisir la relation entre notre auteure et ce mouvement, on doit prendre en compte ses origines et ses fondements. À maintes reprises, Montessori contestera radicalement des principes de Rousseau et tente, en vain, de faire valoir sa vision, à travers ses collaborations avec les organismes représentant le mouvement de l'Éducation nouvelle. Évidemment l'opposition frontale d'une femme au héros incontesté du mouvement qu'elle critiquait ne pouvait qu'exaspérer ses contemporains. Qu'une simple « praticienne » de l'éducation s'érige en rivale de Rousseau était d'une arrogance impardonnable, puisqu'elle se positionnait ainsi en rapport de supériorité vis-à-vis tous les disciples du maître. C'était d'autant plus difficile à accepter qu'elle ne semblait pas prête à faire quelque concession que ce soit, résistant à se faire assimiler au mouvement et préférant avoir ses propres revues, ses propres congrès et sa propre association. La façon de concevoir les notions de liberté, discipline, effort, fantaisie et imagination, ainsi que l'approche de l'enseignement religieux et de la lecture et écriture, furent notamment au centre des divergences entre la pédagogie montessorienne et le mouvement de l'Éducation nouvelle. Bien que ces divergences mettent en évidence la différence entre l'héritage philosophique de chacun de ces courants, une recherche plus approfondie s'impose sur chacun de ces sujets.
This paper shows how Maria Montessori's thought can enrich contemporary virtue epistemology. After a short overview of her 'interested empiricist' epistemological framework, I discuss four ...representative intellectual virtues: sensory acuity, physical dexterity, intellectual love, and intellectual humility. Throughout, I show how Montessori bridges the divide between reliabilist and responsibilist approaches to the virtues and how her particular treatments of virtues offer distinctive and compelling alternatives to contemporary accounts. For instance, she emphasizes how sensory acuity is a virtue for which one can be responsible, highlights the embodied nature of cognition through a focus on physical dexterity, interprets intellectual love as a way of loving the world rather than as a love that takes knowledge as its object, and presents an alternative account of intellectual humility to contemporary emphases on the interpersonal dimensions of this virtue.
The article explores the educational value that Ellen Key (1849-1926), Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) and Maria Montessori (1870-1952) attributed to children's stories. In the late nineteenth and early ...twentieth century these three important authors contributed to the renewal of the educational theories and practices. They dedicated a part of their pedagogical reflections to the educational meanings of children's stories; consider, e.g., the many pages of Ellen Key on children's literature, the recommendations of Rudolf Steiner on the educational relevance of fairy tales and mythology or, finally, Maria Montessori's reflections on fairy tales. The article examines these ideas from a historical and pedagogical point of view.
Jesse Reiser reflects on the unexpected re‐emergence of craft within the disciplinary body of architecture: from Buck's Rock Work Camp in Connecticut during the summers of the 1970s, to Cranbrook ...Academy of Art, to the ongoing work of Reiser + Umemoto, the New York‐based practice he co‐founded.
The long history of Montessori education in India dates to 1915, and it was expanded through Maria and Mario Montessori's work in India between 1939 to 1946 and 1947 to 1949. The article ...characterizes a century of Montessori education in India as a series of adapted, competing, and contested framings with key disputes over Montessori education's intended purpose, audience, and how much it could be adapted. First, from 1915 to 1939, Montessori education was connected to the Indian independence movement as nation-building education, but it was eclipsed by a parallel rise of elite, private Montessori schools, a framing reinforced by Maria Montessori's insistence on fidelity to her method. Starting in the 1950s, other Indian educators adapted Montessori for poor children, an emphasis that continues today with government and foundation-funded schools. Finally, in the last thirty years, India's new middle class has driven demand for early childhood education, leading to branded Montessori franchises, some bearing little resemblance to Montessori's original pedagogy.
Este artigo objetiva compartilhar as experiências do Projeto de Extensão - Ludoteca em Movimento - da Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná – Brasil que atende crianças entre 4 a 10 anos em um ...espaço alocado no próprio Campus Universitário. A nossa inquietação parte deste contexto contemporâneo que negligencia a criança como um ser ativo, criativo e há um empobrecimento das relações ente adultos e crianças negando-lhe o direito de ser criança. Neste sentido, a obra de Maria Montessori se constitui indubitavelmente numa bela e fecunda contribuição para as atividades lúdicas e expressivas das crianças que participam do projeto. O ambiente foi organizado com a influência, entre outros, do método montessoriano, sendo organizado com espaços adequados, silencioso e em contato com a natureza. Assim, as crianças desenvolvem experiências sensoriais diversas: brincadeiras individuais e coletivas, exercícios físicos e intelectivos, experiências sensoriais com música, arte e criações diversas, de maneira que venham a favorecer o desenvolvimento integral e totalizante da criança enquanto ser humano. Acreditamos, então, que a criança deve ser autora de sua própria educação e de sua própria história social. Inferimos que uma educação lúdica pode extrapolar as dimensões espaciais e físicas de confinamento: “(...) não é a de quatro paredes, entre as quais as crianças são confinadas, mas a de uma casa onde possam viver em liberdade para aprender e crescer (...), onde elas possam encontrar atividades condizentes com seu desenvolvimento físico e mental” (MONTESSORI, 1961, p.17).
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