In this article, a dual-band magnetically insulated line oscillator (DBMILO) incorporated with the ridged disk-loaded vanes rather than a conventional disk-loaded vane is examined to improve the ...interaction efficiency. Both, cold (beam absent) and hot (beam present) simulations have been carried out to examine the impact of ridged slow wave-structure (RSWS) on the performance of ridged DBMILO (RDBMILO). Cold simulations have been performed to investigate the impact of RSWS on the electromagnetic (EM) characteristics of the RDBMILO. The RF performance of the RDBMILO has been evaluated using the CST particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. A collective peak RF power of 4.6 GW is obtained at 3.30 and 9.85 GHz frequencies. The peak power conversion efficiency of the RDBMILO was found to be <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>16.4%. Compared to the conventional DBMILO (CDBMILO), an enhancement of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>28% in both RF power and efficiency is detected with the RDBMILO.
El artículo analiza el comercio de reducciones de obras de la Antigüedad clásica durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX en Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se toma el caso de estudio de la Venus de Milo ...dada su popularidad en la comercialización de sus reducciones y su prolífica aparición en las fuentes de época escritas y visuales. Una primera sección examina las estrategias de venta a partir de la importación y la producción local de pequeñas Venus. Por otra parte, se indagan la caracterización de sus consumidores. Se argumenta que detecta una diferenciación en el consumo a partir de uno de “buen gusto” por su inserción y vinculación con el campo artístico, y otro de “mal gusto” guiado por una función de ostentación.
Today's international war crimes tribunals lack police powers, and therefore must prod and persuade defiant states to co-operate in the arrest and prosecution of their own political and military ...leaders. Victor Peskin's comparative study traces the development of the capacity to build the political authority necessary to exact compliance from states implicated in war crimes and genocide in the cases of the International War Crimes Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. Drawing on 300 in-depth interviews with tribunal officials, Balkan and Rwandan politicians, and Western diplomats, Peskin uncovers the politicized, protracted, and largely behind-the-scenes tribunal-state struggle over co-operation.
One of the most prolific political theatre makers in Europe today, Milo Rau is known for his commitment to a realist art of possibility—a “Möglichkeitsrealismus,” as he defines it, devoted to opening ...space for envisioning possible alternatives to the status quo. Drawing on Ernst Bloch’s writings on utopia, this article argues for an understanding of Rau’s artistic practice as a kind of “concrete utopianism” that materially engages the world so as to imagine—and enact—new possibilities for improvement and transformation. Via a reading of Rau’s Kongo Tribunal (2015), an attempt is made to show how, by staging the tribunal in the here and now of performance, the artist seeks to disclose the real but not yet realized possibilities available in the present, giving form to an alternative institutionality—and an alternative practice of justice—that is made fully graspable in the imagination and in reality. As a material act of imagining otherwise, the Kongo Tribunal refuses the closure of the present, inviting spectators to step back and recognize the institutionalized forms of law and justice not as fixed but variable—and thus (still) open to change.
In the Sixties, many times the cinematographic representation focused on male grotesque masks, which contributed to the representation of the malaise of a society populated by weak individuals. This ...article proposes the analysis of a tragic female mask, the one embodied by Sandra Milo, whose grotesque image, in the films interpreted in the early Sixties, is an irreverent testimony of an upside down world in which sexual hierarchies are overturned and social rules are contradicted. At the same time, through the eroticization of her actress body, primordial desires and sexual instincts emerge in stark contrast to social conventions and public morals, but they are, however, quite far from any form of emancipation.
Robotics are being used in the intervention with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in many places and already for many years. Many robots were developed and different studies are being ...made in order to evaluate its effectiveness. “Socially Assistive Robotics” is shown to be effective in different areas mainly in social and emotional development. Milo, a robot developed by a team led by Richard Margolin for the Robots4Autism program (RoboKind, 2020), is one of the robots whose use is reported to be successful. In Macao there is no report of studies or experiences on the use of robots in the intervention with children with ASD. In a collaboration between the Macao Science Centre, the Macao Autism Association (MAA) and the University of Saint Joseph, an exploratory study was developed to understand the applicability of Milo to the work with children with ASD in Macao. The study showed that the robot is able to facilitate social and emotional competences of children with ASD. However, several limitations including language, cultural differences, the inexperienced facilitators and the level of sessions are too simple for the participants to be aware of that may affect the effectiveness of the intervention. It is important to show that the adoption of Milo in Macao for intervening children with ASD can be further implemented, with better practical solutions.
Fascinated by the films of Fellini, the cartoonist Milo Manara offered the filmmmaker to adapt two of the scripts that he had never been able to bring to the screen. Thus, in the early 1990s, Journey ...to Tulum and Journey of G. Mastorna were published. Our main interest has not been in the analysis of the adaptation process. This article aims, on the contrary, to trace the origins of these projects, as well as the interests that, both artists, shared throughout the gestation and realisation of these comics books. We'll find that Fellini was too a comic fan since his childhood and, in fact, draws some comics before WWII. We'll also try to describe how, beyond the plot, Fellini's cinema influenced the cartoonist and how the peculiar and poetic universe of the filmmaker was brought to the panels drawn by Manara.
This article re-examines the Brillouin flow solutions in crossed-field diodes, with applications to magnetrons, magnetically insulated line oscillators (MILOs), and magnetically insulated ...transmission lines (MITLs). The Brillouin flow solutions are constructed for various geometries, including planar magnetrons, MILOs, and MITLs, cylindrical magnetrons with electrons flowing in the azimuthal direction, cylindrical MITLs and MILOs with electrons flowing in the axial direction, and radial MITLs and MILOs with electrons flowing in the radial direction. A common theme of this analysis is that two main external parameters are used to characterize the Brillouin flow: the anode-cathode voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">V_{a} </tex-math></inline-formula>) and the total magnetic flux within the crossed-field diodes (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">A_{a} </tex-math></inline-formula>). These two parameters are equivalent to the gap voltage and a specification of the degree of magnetic insulation, which is approximately equal to the ratio of the magnetic field to the Hull cutoff (HC) magnetic field. The magnetic flux may be provided externally by a magnet (as in a magnetron) or by the wall currents without an external magnet (as in a MILO or MITL), or by some combination of the two, as in the intermediate case of a magnetron-MILO hybrid. Once these two parameters are specified, the electron flow speed at the top of the Brillouin hub is uniquely determined. This immediately yields the Buneman-Hartree (BH) condition according to the Brillouin flow model, whether it be a planar magnetron or a cylindrical MILO. In so doing, we have obtained, for the first time using the Brillouin flow model, the BH condition for a cylindrical MILO, and we show that the same condition is obtained from the single-particle orbit model. We also found that, in general, the electron current within the Brillouin hub contributes only to a very small fraction of the magnetic flux <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">A_{a} </tex-math></inline-formula>, regardless of the gap voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">V_{a} </tex-math></inline-formula>, thereby correcting an erroneous notion that the electron flow within the crossed-field gap could be responsible for the magnetic insulation. Another counter-intuitive finding is that, for a given degree of magnetic insulation, the Brillouin hub height decreases as the gap voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">V_{a} </tex-math></inline-formula> increases. These conclusions, and other results, were based on the simple, explicit analytic expressions that we have obtained for the Brillouin flow profiles, including the velocity, electron density, as well as the self-magnetic field and the self-electric field profiles due to the Brillouin hub electrons. From these analytical expressions, we deduce useful scaling laws that are applicable to the prevailing cases where the magnetic field exceeds 1.5 times the HC magnetic field, and they are valid in both relativistic and non-relativistic regimes. Thus, these scaling laws show the contrast between magnetrons and MILOs, and a ready assessment of the viability of building a moderate-current MILO, a low-voltage MILO, and a magnetron-MILO hybrid which might combine the advantages of a magnetron and a MILO. The Brillouin flow profiles in a radial MITL are explicitly calculated. Additional issues are addressed.
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