This innovative book documents border porosities that have
developed and persisted between Greece and North Macedonia over
different temporalities and at different localities. By drawing on
geology's ...approaches to studying porosity, Dimova argues that
similar to rocks and minerals that only appear solid and
impermeable, seemingly impenetrable borders are inevitably
traversed by different forms of passage. The rich ethnographic case
studies, from the history of railroads in the southern Balkans,
border town beauty tourism, child refugees during the Greek Civil
War, mining and environmental activism, and the urban renovation
project in Skopje, show that the political borders between states
do not only restrict or regulate the movement of people and things,
but are also always permeable in ways that exceed state
governmentality.
Security studies, as a discipline, has had a limited history in and on North Macedonia. No assessment has been made as to the extent of security research conducted in or on North Macedonia. The ...assumption is that there has been limited research conducted, which in turn has negatively impacted the visibility of the country in academic research in this field. In order to help fill the void, this article, relying on a dataset designed for this purpose, first offers an analysis of randomly selected articles published by scholars from North Macedonia between 1991 and 2022. These studies appeared in academic journals designed for the publication of scholarly works prepared by experts in their fields. The articles outline the theories and methods applied by the scholars and their geographical areas of interest. The aim is to generate previously unexplored findings on the solidity and impact of relevant research. Secondly, the article offers an analysis of randomly selected articles published between 1991 and 2022 in academic journals by foreign authors that included North Macedonia as a case study. This section aims to identify the areas in which foreign security scholars work, and the theories and methods they apply when researching North Macedonia.
The general features of several important mineral deposits of polymetallic character in the Republic of Northern Macedonia that have been actively exploited in the past are described. These include ...the Buchim copper mine and Sasa, Zletovo and Toranica lead-zinc mines, as well as some ore prospects that have been extensively explored for years. In addition, sites with known ore reserves, but which are not yet at the exploitation stage are presented, including Plavica, Ilovica, Kadiica, Borov Dol and others. The elaborated RIS-RESERVES program is used to affirm numerous parameters related to the definition of ore reserves in the deposits, and has now provided the opportunity for preparation of an overview which shows the major metallogenetic characteristics of the deposits with their techno-economic parameters. This approach enables affirmation of the potential of the polymetallic ore deposits in the Republic of Northern Macedonia.
Macedonia was considered an oasis of peace in the Balkans during the 1990s, as it was the only country of the former Yugoslavia where there was no armed conflict. This changed in 2001 with a ...so-called “war”, which ended quite quickly, partly thanks to international intervention. Although armed conflicts in the region have not recurred in a prolonged form, almost every year new short-lived disturbances, protests, and incidents arise. This article analyses the conflict’s dynamics from the establishment of independent Macedonia to the present day as North Macedonia continues to develop and implement positive reforms for minority integration. It emphasizes the root causes of the dispute, which remain unresolved, as the Albanian minority is growing in numbers, while Macedonians, whose population is falling, observe the changes with uncertainty.
Good neighbourly relations and regional cooperation demand that all the bilateral relations of a country be stable and that all the disputes are to be resolved before the signing of the Accession ...Treaty. Considering that Albania and North Macedonia are two candidate countries which are found at the same stage of the EU Accession, and the weight that such criteria hold for these countries, it is necessary to provide an assessment of their preparation in this regard. The EU studies field provides for the use of Europeanisation literature to measure the fulfilment of the Accession criteria, one approach of which is measuring the policy adoption. For this purpose, Albania and North Macedonia were used as case studies to measure the progress of Europeanisation through the policy adaptation process as regarding Good neighbourly relations and regional cooperation during the period 2000-2019.
The agricultural industry is very important part of each economy. The main driver of global demand for agricultural products over the next decade will be increasing of population. The fact that the ...agriculture has to meet the growing needs of food production makes this sector very essential. However, intensifying of food production is more difficult nowadays because of the great impact of climate change, water scarcity and enlarging of land deficiency. The urgent need for increased farm production on less land with less water through further intensification is, therefore, very important. The research related to the acceptance of ICT in Agricultural Sector in Macedonia was done using literature review and semi structured interviews. A total of 40 (forty) Macedonian agricultural companies were invited to participate on this study. The results from this study revealed that three different components such as lack of awareness about the benefits, maturity of new technology including costs and lack of trainings and operational knowledge have been identified as challenges for the acceptance of ICT in Agriculture in Macedonia. For each component, the critical factors that are influencing the acceptance of ICT were identified. In conclusion, based on the research findings, a groundwork structure for ICT acceptance has been developed for Macedonian agricultural sector, which will help the agricultural stakeholders and ICT providers to determine the best way to move forward
We present a map that correlates tectonic units between Alps and western Turkey accompanied by a text providing access to literature data, explaining the concepts used for defining the mapped ...tectonic units, and first-order paleogeographic inferences. Along-strike similarities and differences of the Alpine-Eastern Mediterranean orogenic system are discussed. The map allows (1) for superimposing additional information, such as e.g., post-tectonic sedimentary basins, manifestations of magmatic activity, onto a coherent tectonic framework and (2) for outlining the major features of the Alpine-Eastern Mediterranean orogen. Dinarides-Hellenides, Anatolides and Taurides are orogens of opposite subduction polarity and direction of major transport with respect to Alps and Carpathians, and polarity switches across the Mid-Hungarian fault zone. The Dinarides-Hellenides-Taurides (and Apennines) consist of nappes detached from the Greater Adriatic continental margin during Cretaceous and Cenozoic orogeny. Internal units form composite nappes that passively carry ophiolites obducted in the latest Jurassic–earliest Cretaceous or during the Late Cretaceous on top of the Greater Adriatic margin successions. The ophiolites on top of composite nappes do not represent oceanic sutures zones, but root in the suture zones of Neotethys that formed after obduction. Suturing between Greater Adria and the northern and eastern Neotethys margin occupied by the Tisza and Dacia mega-units and the Pontides occurred in the latest Cretaceous along the Sava-İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan suture zones. The Rhodopian orogen is interpreted as a deep-crustal nappe stack formed in tandem with the Carpatho-Balkanides fold-thrust belt, now exposed in a giant core complex exhumed in late Eocene to Miocene times from below the Carpatho-Balkan orogen and the Circum-Rhodope unit. Its tectonic position is similar to that of the Sakarya unit of the Pontides. We infer that the Rhodope nappe stack formed due to north-directed thrusting. Both Rhodopes and Pontides are suspected to preserve the westernmost relics of the suture zone of Paleotethys.
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•Tectonic map correlates tectonic units between Alps and western Turkey.•Profiles visualize architecture of Alpine-eastern Mediterranean orogens.•Review provides overview of Alpine-type orogens across national boundaries.
Drawing borders in post-conflict situations is a challenging undertaking between two or more actors that often ends up in arbitration. In some cases, it produces a political confrontation that may ...turn into a cycle of violence. This article sheds light on the dynamics of political and security challenges, the interaction of the foreign actors and the role of the local government and civic activism in resolving disputes related to the Kosovo-Macedonia border. This article focuses on the obstacles that came from the non-definition of the status of Kosovo and the popular and institutional dissatisfaction regarding the agreement on the border between the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) and Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), bypassing Kosovo and UNMIK from decisionmaking. Secondly, it asks whether these two sovereign countries have had the right to decide on the part of the border that separates Kosovo and Macedonia and was it an appropriate moment to reach an agreement on the border in tense situation between Kosovo, Serbia, and Macedonia? If so, why was Kosovo not included in the final stage of implementation of the agreement? Third, in unclear situation with Kosovo political status, which of the parties to the agreement would be able undertake practical ground activity, that of placing the border stones and which kind of writings will take place on them: „Serbia” and „Macedonia”, or „Kosovo” and „Macedonia”? Could the implementation of the agreement be postponed, at least for the part that divided Kosovo and Macedonia, and completed instead after the final status of Kosovo was determined? We argue that political momentum between Kosovo-Macedonia-Serbia triangle did not favor achieve such sensitive agreement between newly created states of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and FYROM. Excluding Kosovo provisional institutions and UN civil administration from the border agreement was a mistake that produced instability, hostility and additional bitterness in interethnic relations at the early stages, followed by the status quo. And, finally, including Kosovo as a partner in implementing the border issue paved the way for interstate cooperation that led to Macedonia’s recognition of Kosovo, which erupt a short wave of anti-Macedonian rhetoric by both, Serbian political leadership and people protests. The evidence used for the arguments presented were positivists qualitative methods such as social survey and official statistics. The principle of uti possidetis was applied on the border disputes in the period after the breakup of Yugoslavia, and also in the case of the demarcation of the border between Kosovo and the states of Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania, as the best solution because it lies in „its primary aim of securing respect for the territorial boundaries at the moment when independence is achieved”. In drawing conclusions related to the article topic, I used a combined methodology of literature research, comparative analyses and positivist qualitative methods such as social surveys through structured questionnaires, official statistics, interviewing the bearers of the institutions of the time and members of the technical commission for border demarcation. Archive of Kosovo Parliament and personal files also became important sources.
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