Onion waste disposal issue could be solved by using onion skin as food ingredient. Therefore, the aim of present study is the estimation of flavonoid concentration, total phenolic content (TPC), ...total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activities of onion skin of fifteen Indian cultivars. Flavonoid quantification was achieved by high performance liquid chromatography, which showed highest concentration of quercetin, quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, luteolin and kaempferol in cv. ‘NHRDF Red’ (11,885.025 mg/kg), ‘Hissar-2’ (1432.875 mg/kg), ‘Pusa Riddhi’ (1669.925 mg/kg) and ‘Bhima Shakti’ (709.975 mg/kg), respectively in dry weight. Highest TPC and TFC were found in cv. ‘NHRDF Red’ while lowest were measured in cv. ‘Bhima Shubhra’. DPPH assay (%), ABTS assay (%) and FRAP assay (µmol gallic acid/g) were showed maximum antioxidant capacity for cv. ‘NHRDF Red’ whereas least obtained for cv. ‘Bhima Shubhra’. Skin of cv. ‘Hissar-2’ and ‘NHRDF Red’ are the best source of flavonoids and natural antioxidants.
Various optimal sensor placement (OSP) methods have been developed and widely used in structural health monitoring (SHM). Among them, the effective independence-energy (EI-energy) methods integrating ...modal observability and system energy, have been attracting growing interest nowadays. However, the EI-energy techniques normally focus on a single energy factor, lacking consideration of the combined effects of multiple energy factors, especially for the large-scale structure with severe vibration and large deformation. To overcome this limitation, a novel multi-factor OSP strategy, namely effective independence-acceleration amplitude-total displacement (EI-AA-TD), is proposed in this study. This new method combines two typical energy indexes, kinetic energy and strain energy, into the classic EI method. The contribution matrixes associated with these two energy indexes are emphatically discussed. Then, the resulting contribution matrixes from energy perspective, and the EI coefficient vector from modal observability perspective are integrated together to formulate a multi-factor optimization framework for sensor placement. Furthermore, a comprehensive scoring evaluation technique is proposed to assess the quality of sensor layout. Finally, the proposed OSP method and evaluation approach are validated through a study case of deepwater riser monitoring systems. The proposed EI-AA-TD method gets an excellent score of 47 (total 50) with the comprehensive scoring evaluation technique. The related results illustrate the effectiveness and superiorities of the proposed methods.
•A novel multi-factor optimal sensor placement (OSP) strategy is proposed.•The kinetic energy and strain energy are considered simultaneously as the energy indexes in OSP for the first time.•A new comprehensive scoring evaluation technique is presented to assess the quality of sensor layout.•The results from a case study of deepwater riser monitoring systems validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
As civil engineering structures become larger, non-contact inspection technology is required to measure the overall shape and size of structures and evaluate safety. Structures are easily exposed to ...the external environment and may not be able to perform their original functions depending on the continuous load for a long time. Therefore, in this study, we propose a method for estimating the vertical displacement of structures using light detection and ranging, which enables non-contact measurement. The point cloud acquired through laser scanning was rearranged into a three-dimensional space, and internal nodes were created by continuously dividing the space. The generated node has its own location information, and the vertical displacement value was calculated by searching for the node where the deformation occurred. The performance of the proposed displacement estimation technique was verified through static loading experiments, and the octree space partitioning method is expected to be applied and utilized in structural health monitoring.
Structural health monitoring (SHM) is essential to maintain the stability and efficiency of the compressor. Based on the characteristics of nondestructive evaluation, acoustic sensors are widely ...utilized for SHM of compressor blades. As the monitoring data of compressor blades are unable to effectively reflect damage under improper sensor configuration, the number and placements of acoustic sensors need to be optimized. In this article, the optimal sensor placement (OSP) method is presented for multiple acoustic sensors based on the proposed multiobjective optimization (MOO) model and evaluation strategy. Specially, the proposed MOO model is established from five objectives by comprehensively considering the sensor cost and monitoring reliability. It can transform the OSP into the nonlinear mathematical MOO problem. Besides, an evaluation strategy is presented to select the optimal solution from the Pareto solution set (PSS) by fully evaluating its performance. Finally, the compressor experiments are implemented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Based on the experimental data collected at the OSP, the proposed method can reach an average accuracy of 97.74% under different working conditions. Through discussing and comparing with other methods, the reliability and superiority of the proposed method are verified for OSP searching and SHM. The results indicate that the proposed method can obtain reliable monitoring information and realize SHM with efficient sensor configuration.
•Students with sensory impairments dislike the camouflage effect of positive self-presentation about themselves, from which the psychological deficiencies of self-esteem are derived.•When students ...with sensory impairments feel social support, honest self-presentation were more likely beneficial to their self-esteem.•HSP was positively correlated with self-esteem and social support, conversely, PSP was only positively correlated with social support.•A suppression of the association of PSP with self-esteem via social support.
: This current study aimed to fill the gap that is the relationships of different strategies of online self-presentation (OSP) on sensory impairments students and further explored the effect of social support between them.
: Results were from a cross-sectional survey (N=303) with 191 hearing impaired students and 112 visual impaired students, which examined two mediations among online positive and honest self-presentation (PSP and HSP) in self-esteem of sensory impaired students through social support.
: Specifically, we found that HSP was positively correlated with self-esteem and social support, conversely, PSP was only positively correlated with social support. Moreover, results revealed a suppression of the association of PSP with self-esteem via social support. However, social support had the role of a complete intermediary between HSP and self-esteem.
: Findings indicated that students with sensory impairments dislike the camouflage effect of positive self-presentation about themselves, from which the psychological deficiencies of self-esteem are derived. When students with sensory impairments feel social support, honest self-presentation were more likely beneficial to their self-esteem.
Post-concussion syndrome (PCS) can affect up to 20%–30% of patients with mild closed head injury (mCHI), comprising incomplete recovery and debilitating persistence of post-concussional symptoms. Eye ...movements relate closely to the functional integrity of the injured brain and eye movement function is impaired post-acutely in mCHI. Here, we examined whether PCS patients continue to show disparities in eye movement function at 3–5 months following mCHI compared with patients with good recovery. We hypothesized that eye movements might provide sensitive and objective functional markers of ongoing cerebral impairment in PCS. We compared 36 PCS participants (adapted World Health Organization guidelines) and 36 individually matched controls (i.e. mCHI patients of similar injury severity but good recovery) on reflexive, anti- and self-paced saccades, memory-guided sequences and smooth pursuit. All completed neuropsychological testing and health status questionnaires. Mean time post-injury was 140 days in the PCS group and 163 days in the control group. The PCS group performed worse on anti-saccades, self-paced saccades, memory-guided sequences and smooth pursuit, suggesting problems in response inhibition, short-term spatial memory, motor-sequence programming, visuospatial processing and visual attention. This poorer oculomotor performance included several measures beyond conscious control, indicating that subcortical functionality in the PCS group was poorer than expected after mCHI. The PCS group had poorer neuropsychological function (memory, complex attention and executive function). Analysis of covariance showed oculomotor differences to be practically unaffected by group disparities in depression and estimated intellectual ability. Compared with neuropsychological tests, eye movements were more likely to be markedly impaired in PCS cases with high symptom load. Poorer eye movement function, and particularly poorer subcortical oculomotor function, correlated more with post-concussive symptom load and problems on activities of daily living whilst poorer neuropsychological function exhibited slightly better correlations with measures of mental health. Our findings that eye movement function in PCS does not follow the normal recovery path of eye movements after mCHI are indicative of ongoing cerebral impairment. Whilst oculomotor and neuropsychological tests partially overlapped in identifying impairment, eye movements showed additional dysfunction in motor/visuospatial areas, response inhibition, visual attention and subcortical function. Poorer subconscious oculomotor function in the PCS group supports the notion that PCS is not merely a psychological entity, but also has a biological substrate. Measurement of oculomotor function may be of value in PCS cases with a high symptom load but an otherwise unremarkable assessment profile. Routine oculomotor testing should be feasible in centres with existing access to this technology.
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