In the centuries before Europeans crossed the Atlantic, social and material relations among the indigenous Guaranì people of present-day Paraguay were based on reciprocal gift-giving. But the Spanish ...and Portuguese newcomers who arrived in the sixteenth century seemed interested in the Guaranì only to advance their own interests, either through material exchange or by getting the Guaranì to serve them. This book tells the story of how Europeans felt empowered to pursue individual gain in the New World, and how the Guaranì people confronted this challenge to their very way of being. Although neither Guaranì nor Europeans were positioned to grasp the larger meaning of the moment, their meeting was part of a global sea change in human relations and the nature of economic exchange. Brian P. Owensby uses the centuries-long encounter between Europeans and the indigenous people of South America to reframe the notion of economic gain as a historical development rather than a matter of human nature. Owensby argues that gain-the pursuit of individual, material self-interest-must be understood as a global development that transformed the lives of Europeans and non-Europeans, wherever these two encountered each other in the great European expansion spanning the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries.
The Dictator Dilemma
tells the story of US bilateral relations with the Alfredo Stroessner dictatorship (1954-1989). Tyvela focuses on how and why that diplomatic relationship changed during the Cold ...War from cooperation, based on mutual opposition to communism, to conflict, based on clashing expectations concerning democratic reforms and human rights. The policy debates by officials in Washington and in Asunción brought out a tension that has defined US diplomacy for more than a century: how can the United States partner with tyrants while credibly proclaiming to advance a democratic mission in the world? Tyvela argues that the Stroessner regime was symbolic of a broader foreign policy struggle to perpetuate, enforce, and ultimately redefine the importance of friendly dictators to US global and hemispheric interests.
Despite the effects of epidemics of highly contagious old world crowd diseases, the native populations living on the Paraguay and Chiquitos missions survived and retained a unique ethnic identity. A ...comparative approach shows how demographic patterns on the Paraguay and Chiquitos missions differed from other Spanish frontier missions.
This third edition of Historical Dictionary of Paraguay covers its history through a chronology, an introductory essay, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 1000 ...cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture.
The Paraguayan War (1864–70) was the most extensive and profound interstate war ever fought in South America. It directly involved the four countries of Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay ...and took the lives of hundreds of thousands, combatants and noncombatants alike. While the war still stirs emotions on the southern continent, until today few scholars from outside the region have taken on the daunting task of analyzing the conflict. In this compilation of ten essays, historians from Canada, the United States, Germany, Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay address its many tragic complexities. Each scholar examines a particular facet of the war, including military mobilization, home-front activities, the war’s effects on political culture, war photography, draft resistance, race issues, state formation, and the role of women in the war. The editors’ introduction provides a balance to the many perspectives collected here while simultaneously integrating them into a comprehensible whole, thus making the book a compelling read for social historians and military buffs alike.
Ljevica je danas na vlasti u deset država Latinske Amerike: Argentini, Boliviji, Brazilu, Ekvadoru, El Salvadoru, Gvatemali, Nikaragvi, Paragvaju, Urugvaju i Venezueli.
