•Anterolateral proximal tibial opening wedge osteotomy for biplanar correction is a technically demanding procedure.•A virtual surgical planning strategy was used for PSI creation.•Pre-planning and ...PSI use allows for accurate correction in genu valgum recurvatum.
Biplanar anterolateral proximal tibial opening wedge osteotomy has been described as successful for patients with combined recurvatum and valgus alignment. As it is a correction in two planes, it is a technically demanding procedure. We report the use of a novel technique with patient specific instrumentation (PSI) guides for different steps, aiming to reduce the complexity of this procedure.
One patient was treated for genu valgum recurvatum. A virtual surgical plan was made. A two-step PSI approach was used, consisting of an osteotomy guide and a repositioning guide and a custom trial wedges.
Follow-up showed full function and improved VAS and KOOS scores. A neutral alignment was achieved. There was 2.76 degrees less varus compared to pre-operative planning, 1.24 degrees of excess slope and a rotational difference of 0.10 degrees. Saw plane accuracy was within 1 mm.
PSI is a recent technical addition to HTOs as a modality to improve accuracy and reduce surgical complexity. Pre-planning and PSI use in an anterolateral opening wedge PTO allowed for an accurate and reproducible biplanar correction in genu valgum recurvatum. Accuracy was comparable to PSI use in lateral open wedge high tibial osteotomies.
The Lost Boys of Zeta Psitakes us inside the secret, amusing, and sometimes mundane world of a California fraternity around 1900. Gleaning history from recent archaeological excavations and from such ...intriguing sources as oral histories, architecture, and photographs, Laurie A. Wilkie uncovers details of everyday life in the first fraternity at the University of California, Berkeley, and sets this story into the rich social and historical context of West Coast America at the turn of the last century. In particular, Wilkie examines men's coming-of-age experiences in a period when gender roles and relations were undergoing dramatic changes. Her innovative study illuminates shifting notions of masculinity and at the same time reveals new insights about the inner workings of fraternal orders and their role in American society.
The study applied the concept of parasocial interaction (PSI) to TV programs to identify whether it triggers a young audience's travel intentions. Although viewing documentary series that induce ...interests in different local cultures can lead to intentions to visit the featured destinations, the psychological mechanism underlying audiences' travel intentions has not been established. The current study's purposes were to investigate the viewing motives that enhance audiences' PSI with television programming that introduces local cultures, examine the relationships among audiences' PSI, perceived well-being, and travel intentions, and test whether perceived well-being mediates the link from PSI to travel intentions. Based on the survey data from 381 undergraduate students who have viewed a Chinese documentary program, A Bite of China, the hypothesized model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results revealed that three viewing motives (entertainment, information, and relaxation) of the four dimensions predicted audiences' PSI, which, in turn, enhanced their perceived well-being and travel intentions. Additionally, the data confirmed audiences' perceived well-being mediates the effect of PSI on travel intentions.
The formation of amyloid fibers is associated with a diverse range of disease and phenotypic states. These amyloid fibers often assemble into multi-protofibril, high-order architectures in vivo and ...in vitro. Prion propagation in yeast, an amyloid-based process, represents an attractive model to explore the link between these aggregation states and the biological consequences of amyloid dynamics. Here, we integrate the current state of knowledge, highlight opportunities for further insight, and draw parallels to more complex systems in vitro. Evidence suggests that high-order fibril architectures are present ex vivo from disease relevant environments and under permissive conditions in vivo in yeast, including but not limited to those leading to prion formation or instability. The biological significance of these latter amyloid architectures or how they may be regulated is, however, complicated by inconsistent experimental conditions and analytical methods, although the Hsp70 chaperone Ssa1/2 is likely involved. Transition between assembly states could form a mechanistic basis to explain some confounding observations surrounding prion regulation but is limited by a lack of unified methodology to biophysically compare these assembly states. Future exciting experimental entryways may offer opportunities for further insight.
HIV-1 RNA dimerization is a critical step in viral life cycle. It is a prerequisite for genome packaging and plays an important role in reverse transcription and recombination. Dimerization is ...promoted by the DIS (dimerization initiation site) hairpin located in the 5' leader of HIV-1 genome. Despite the high genetic diversity in HIV-1 group M, only five apical loops (AAGCGCGCA, AAGUGCGCA, AAGUGCACA, AGGUGCACA and AGUGCAC) are commonly found in DIS hairpins. We refer to the parent DISes with these apical loops as DIS
, DIS
, DIS
, DIS
, and DIS
, respectively. Based on identity or similarity of DIS hairpins to parent DISes, we distributed HIV-1 M genomes into five dimerization groups. Comparison of the primary and secondary structures of DIS, SD and Psi hairpins in about 3000 HIV-1 M genomes showed that the mutation frequencies at particular nucleotide positions of these hairpins differ among the dimerization groups, and DIS
may be an origin of other parent DISes. We found that DIS, SD and Psi hairpins have hundreds of variants, only some of them occurring rather frequently. The lower part of DIS hairpin with G x AGG internal loop is highly conserved in both HIV-1 and SIV genomes. We supposed that the G-quadruplex, located 56 nts downstream of the Gag start codon, may participate in switching of HIV-1 leader RNA from BMH (branched multiple hairpins) to LDI (long distance interaction) conformation.
The state-of-the-art method for controlling temperature-induced global lateral buckling of a subsea pipeline is to engineer deliberate buckles at widely spaced locations. These buckles are engineered ...either by the installation process – i.e. ‘snake-laying’ or by installing subsea structures known as buckle initiators at each intended buckle location. The pre-deformed pipeline is new alternative method that involves continuously pre-deforming the pipeline prior to installation onto the seabed. This pre-deformation causes a significant reduction in axial stiffness and therefore significantly increases the buckle initiation temperature. It also allows thermal expansion to be accommodated throughout the pipe length via expansion of the pre-deformed curvatures, rather than being concentrated at specific buckle locations. This paper presents the influence of two of the variabilities in a pre-deformed pipeline design on the buckling performance: the initial out-of-straightness and the lateral pipe-soil interaction. The results show that the concept of a pre-deformed pipeline is robust and the success of the scheme is not affected by these two uncertainties. The pre-deformed pipeline is shown to be a self-governing system where the maximum strain is self-limited at any location. Pipeline pre-deformation is therefore proven to be a cost effective, safe and valuable tool for controlling pipeline lateral buckling.
•The effect of the variability of the pipeline initial out-of-straightness and pipe-soil interaction on the pre-deformed pipeline for controlling lateral buckling is studied.•The finding in this paper shows that pre-deformed pipeline is a robust system is not affected by the local out-of-straightness during lateral buckling.•It is also found that the pre-deformed pipeline is not influenced by the local variability of lateral pipe-soil interaction but rather a global mean in the behaviour during lateral buckling.•It is concluded that pre-deformed pipeline can be installed and operated safely at very high temperatures and not affected by the local variability in out-of-straightness and lateral pipe-soil friction.
Resumen En este artículo se revisan algunos elementos que intervienen en la conformación de la subjetividad de los estudiantes al interior del contexto escolar chileno. El objetivo, en ese sentido, ...es bosquejar algunas hipótesis en torno al impacto del plano normativo en el perfil del estudiante cuando está confrontado a la dimensión del rendimiento escolar. Para este fin se toma como marco de análisis la noción de gubernamentalidad desarrollada por Michel Foucault (2006), que atiende a la puesta en forma de un marco administrativo dirigido a la esfera de la población en complemento con la dimensión individual. De este modo, y teniendo a la base la experiencia chilena, se analizan algunos dispositivos del cotidiano escolar que, al alero de un marco normativo basado en principios de inclusión, no discriminación y al mismo tiempo de modernización en sus mecanismos de gestión, actúan como campo de regulación y administración de aquellas conductas que, por su desajuste frente a las expectativas de rendimiento educativo, se vuelven objetos de patologización, intervención, corrección y medicalización. El lugar de la psicometría y su relación con el individuo como célula de análisis, la pertinencia de los saberes psi, como enclave clínico-terapéutico al interior de la trama escolar son, entre otros, algunos de los resultados preliminares que contribuyen este análisis.
Abstract This article reviews some elements that intervene in the conformation of the subjectivity of students within the Chilean school context. The objective, in this sense, is to outline some hypotheses about the impact of the normative level in the student’s profile when confronted with the dimension of school performance. For this purpose, the notion of governmentality developed by Michel Foucault is taken as a framework for analysis, which attends to the setting up of an administrative framework aimed at the sphere of the population in complement with the individual dimension. Based on the Chilean experience, the paper analyzes some dispositif of the daily school that act as field of regulation and administration of those behaviors that, due to their mismatch with the expectations of educational performance, become objects of pathologization, intervention, correction, and medicalization. This situation is produced under the umbrella of a regulatory framework based on principles of inclusion, non-discrimination and at the same time of modernization in its management mechanisms. Some of the preliminary results that contribute to this analysis are the place of psychometry and its relationship with the individual as a cell of analysis; and the relevance of ‘psy knowledge’, as a “clinical-therapeutic” enclave within the school framework.
The term "retroactive avoidance" refers to a special class of effects of future stimulus presentations on past behavioral responses. Specifically, it refers to the anticipatory avoidance of aversive ...stimuli that were unpredictable through random selection after the response. This phenomenon is supposed to challenge the common view of the arrow of time and the direction of causality. Preliminary evidence of "retroactive avoidance" has been published in mainstream psychological journals and started a heated debate about the robustness and the true existence of this effect. A series of seven experiments published in 2014 in the Journal of Consciousness Studies (Maier et al., 2014) tested the influence of randomly drawn future negative picture presentations on avoidance responses based on key presses preceding them. The final study in that series used a sophisticated quantum-based random stimulus selection procedure and implemented the most severe test of retroactive avoidance within this series. Evidence for the effect, though significant, was meager and anecdotal, Bayes factor (BF.sub.10) = 2. The research presented here represents an attempt to exactly replicate the original effect with a high-power (N = 2004) preregistered multi-lab study. The results indicate that the data favored the null effect (i.e., absence of retroactive avoidance) with a BF.sub.01 = 4.38. Given the empirical strengths of the study, namely its preregistration, multi-lab approach, high power, and Bayesian analysis used, this failed replication questions the validity and robustness of the original findings. Not reaching a decisive level of Bayesian evidence and not including skeptical researchers may be considered limitations of this study. Exploratory analyses of the change in evidence for the effect across time, performed on a post-hoc basis, revealed several potentially interesting anomalies in the data that might guide future research in this area.
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