Integration of photovoltaic (PV) power generation and energy storage has been widely believed to be the ultimate solution for future energy demands. Herein, an ingenious method was reported to make ...full use of photovoltaic silicon cutting waste (SiCW) natural characters fabricating PSi@SiOx/Nano-Ag composite as anode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. The sheet-like structure with nano/micropores and native SiOx layer addressed the volume expansion issues of Si material. Ag nanoparticles greatly enhanced electrical conductivity of composite and promoted Li+/e− transport. Synergistic effect of the designed PSi@SiOx/Nano-Ag composite contributed outstanding cyclic performance with reversible capacity of 1409mAhg−1 after 500 cycles. Notably, full LIBs with PSi@SiOx/Nano-Ag anode and commercial LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) cathode delivered stable capacity of 137.5mAhg−1 at current density of 200 mA g−1, accompanying with a high energy density of 438 Wh kg−1. Furthermore, electrochemical Li+ storage behavior of this PSi@SiOx/Nano-Ag electrode was studied, and reaction mechanism and crystal structure evolution during cycles were also revealed by in-situ XRD analysis. The synthesis method is facile and cost-effective, which paves a novel way towards high-performance Si-based anodes and promising markets for both solar photovoltaic and lithium-ion battery industries.
Display omitted
•A novel and promising method to fabricate PSi@SiOx/Nano-Ag composite was proposed.•SiCWP natural characters of ultrafine particle and sheet-like structure are full used.•The properties of the electrochemical Li+ store/release behavior were clarified.•In-situ XRD analysis revealed the crystal structure evolution and reaction mechanism.•The PSi@SiOx/Nano-Ag as LIBs anodes exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance.
Abstract
Because of their abundance and extensive phosphorylation, numerous thylakoid proteins stand out amongst the phosphoproteins of plants and algae. In particular, subunits of light-harvesting ...complex II (LHCII) and of photosystem II (PSII) are dynamically phosphorylated and dephosphorylated in response to light conditions and metabolic demands. These phosphorylations are controlled by evolutionarily conserved thylakoid protein kinases and counteracting protein phosphatases, which have distinct but partially overlapping substrate specificities. The best characterized are the kinases STATE TRANSITION 7 (STN7/STT7) and STATE TRANSITION 8 (STN8), and the antagonistic phosphatases PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 1/THYLAKOID-ASSOCIATED PHOSPHATASE 38 (PPH1/TAP38) and PHOTOSYSTEM II CORE PHOSPHATASE (PBCP). The phosphorylation of LHCII is mainly governed by STN7 and PPH1/TAP38 in plants. LHCII phosphorylation is essential for state transitions, a regulatory feedback mechanism that controls the allocation of this antenna to either PSII or PSI, and thus maintains the redox balance of the electron transfer chain. Phosphorylation of several core subunits of PSII, regulated mainly by STN8 and PBCP, correlates with changes in thylakoid architecture, the repair cycle of PSII after photodamage as well as regulation of light harvesting and of alternative routes of photosynthetic electron transfer. Other kinases, such as the PLASTID CASEIN KINASE II (pCKII), also intervene in thylakoid protein phosphorylation and take part in the chloroplast kinase network. While some features of thylakoid phosphorylation were conserved through the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotes, others have diverged in different lineages possibly as a result of their adaptation to varied environments.
Oxygenic phototrophs have played a fundamental role in Earth’s history by enabling the rise of atmospheric oxygen (O₂) and paving the way for animal evolution. Understanding the origins of oxygenic ...photosynthesis and Cyanobacteria is key when piecing together the events around Earth’s oxygenation. It is likely that photosynthesis evolved within bacterial lineages that are not extant, so it can be challenging when studying the early history of photosynthesis. Recent genomic and molecular evolution studies have transformed our understanding about the evolution of photosynthetic reaction centres and the evolution of Cyanobacteria. The evidence reviewed here highlights some of the most recent advances on the origin of photosynthesis both at the genomic and gene family levels.
David Loye's concept of the hololeap describes how precognitive information "leaps" across the gap between organisms to enable future vision. This maps to Denis Gabor's energetic unit of information, ...the logon, wherein the spectral overlap among logons provides the means for future vision. In rediscovering Darwin's "lost" theory, Loye found that selfless love was Darwin's key principle in human evolution. Groundbreaking studies in psi research document love's subtle but crucial role in future vision and nonlocal agency, and point to an understanding of evolution theory in which love plays a primary generative role. Loye's intuition was right on the mark!
High temperature and high light intensity is a common environment posing a great risk to organisms. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of sub-high temperature and high light intensity stress ...(HH, 35°C, 1000 μmol⋅m
⋅s
) and recovery on the photosynthetic mechanism, photoinhibiton of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), and reactive oxygen (ROS) metabolism of tomato seedlings. The results showed that with prolonged stress time, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), Rubisco activity, maximal photochemistry efficiency (Fv/Fm), efficient quantum yield and electron transport of PSII Y(II) and ETR(II) and PSI Y(I) and ETR(I) decreased significantly whereas yield of non-regulated and regulated energy dissipation of PSII Y(NO) and Y(NPQ) increased sharply. The donor side limitation of PSI Y(ND) increased but the acceptor side limitation of PSI Y(NA) decreased. Content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H
O
) were increased while activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were significantly inhibited compared with control. HH exposure affected photosynthetic carbon assimilation, multiple sites in PSII and PSI, ROS accumulation and elimination of
L.
•This paper proposes a phase-shifter correction method based on ULPS （Ultra-High Linearity Phase Shifter）and AVIC (Auto Velocity Iterative Correction) for the Fizeau laser interferometer, effectively ...reducing phase shifting errors and enhancing the measurement precision of the Fizeau laser interferometer.•ULPS is a mechanical phase-shifter equipped with three high-precision capacitance sensors. ULPS achieves a resolution of 0.12 nm, a 0.05 % nonlinearity, a 2.5 nm repeatability, and, a maximum stroke of 10 μm under a load of 20 kg.•AVIC is an image-based phase-shifter velocity correction method. It effectively suppresses errors induced by phase-shifter,including average velocity errors, and plane velocity consistency errors of the reference mirror. Moreover, AVIC can help the phase-shifter adapt to various working environments and system changes, including temperature variations, and lens replacements.
This paper proposes a dual-stage correction approach for a high-accuracy phase-shifter in Fizeau laser interferometers, effectively reducing the phase shift errors in PSI (Phase-Shifting interferometry) and improving the precision of surface profile measurements. The precision of PSI depends on the displacement accuracy of the reference mirror, and the function of the phase shifter is to drive the reference mirror to generate wavelength-level displacements with nanometer-level accuracy. The first-stage correction aims to reduce the nonlinearity error of the reference mirror by ULPS (Ultra-High Linearity Phase Shifter). The second-stage correction aims to reduce the average velocity error and plane velocity uniformity error of the reference mirror by AVIC (Auto Velocity Iterative Correction). The experimental results indicate that, after the first-stage correction, ULPS exhibits a 0.05 % nonlinearity, a 2.5 nm repeatability, and a 0.2 nm resolution under a load of 20 kg, and its nonlinearity surpassing all phase-shifters documented in the literature. After the second-stage correction, the average velocity error and plane velocity uniformity error of the reference mirror are reduced to 0.07 %.
O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a articulação entre as práticas dos especialistas psis e as modulações da intimidade a partir da sua exposição na mídia através do blog de um programa de televisão, ...no formato de reality show. Foram analisados comentários dos seguidores do blog e cinco entrevistas semi-estruturadas com participantes do programa. Inspiradas em autores como Latour (2008) e Despret (2011), as pesquisadoras problematizam a distribuição da expertise a partir do reality show. Os resultados indicam que a distribuição da expertise ativa a todos que se articulam no dispositivo produzindo modos de subjetivar psicologizados.
•We map groundwater level and aquifer storage variations using satellite radar data.•A combination of PSI and groundwater level data is used.•The method helps to identify small aquifers affected by ...groundwater storage loss.
Groundwater resources are under stress in many regions of the world and the future water supply for many populations, particularly in the driest places on Earth, is threatened. Future climatic conditions and population growth are expected to intensify the problem. Understanding the factors that control groundwater storage variation is crucial to mitigate its adverse consequences. In this work, we apply satellite-based measurements of ground deformation over the Tertiary detritic aquifer of Madrid (TDAM), Central Spain, to infer the spatio-temporal evolution of water levels and estimate groundwater storage variations. Specifically, we use Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) data during the period 1992–2010 and piezometric time series on 19 well sites covering the period 1997–2010 to build groundwater level maps and quantify groundwater storage variations. Our results reveal that groundwater storage loss occurred in two different periods, 1992–1999 and 2005–2010 and was mainly concentrated in a region of ∼200km2. The presence of more compressible materials in that region combined with a long continuous water extraction can explain this volumetric deficit. This study illustrates how the combination of PSI and piezometric data can be used to detect small aquifers affected by groundwater storage loss helping to improve their sustainable management.
Background:
Success of valgus-type supramalleolar osteotomy (SMOT) depends on adequate correction of malalignment, which can be hard to achieve with current 2-dimensional (2D) planning and operative ...techniques. A personalized digital 3-dimensional (3D) workflow to virtually plan and perform a 2-step 3D-guided medial opening (MO) SMOT has the potential to improve precision of correction.
Methods:
Computed tomography (CT)–based Proplan medical 3D models were made to virtually plan the desired MO SMOT, and exported to 3-Matic medical to develop patient-specific 2-step cutting and wedge guides. Workflow accuracy was tested in this limited clinical pilot study (3 patients) by comparing the virtual planned position of the osteotomized distal tibial fragment with the 1-year post-MO SMOT configuration. Two millimeters or less translation deviation in every plane was defined as accurate.
Results:
Primary outcome analysis of the osteotomized distal tibial fragment deviation showed a median translation in all planes of 0.7 (range 0-8.2) mm (interquartile range 1.55) with an excellent interrater reliability of the measurements (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.998). There was a strong reduction in ankle pain as reflected by an increase of the AOFAS-AH score and decrease of NRS pain score with an unrestricted hindfoot motion 1 year after surgery.
Conclusion:
3D virtually planned bone cutting and wedge guides is a promising approach associated with minimal postoperative deviation from the desired correction in medial opening supramalleolar osteotomy.
PDF
