A new open-loop solar tracking system for a small-scale linear Fresnel reflector with three movements has been designed, fabricated, and simulated. The control system of the solar tracker is governed ...by a Raspberry Pi together with other auxiliary devices which include a Global Positioning System. The electronic control system consists of a master controller (Raspberry pi 3), 4 slave microcontrollers (Arduino), Global Positioning System module, thermocouples, laser sensors, transversal positioning sensors, and longitudinal positioning sensors. It also allows the communication between these microcontrollers based on long range wireless solutions (XBee). All the electronic circuits have been designed and constructed. The solar tracking system uses offline data. The software has been designed and developed to track the sun path using astronomical equations. In this way, the solar tracking system is able to position itself automatically using the solar position algorithm and the Global Positioning System with an accuracy of ±0.006°. The solar tracking system can be deployed automatically at any location on the Earth. The total cost of the implemented solar tracking system has been calculated. The system performance, in terms of the tracking error, annual energy, energy-to-area ratio and levelized cost of energy has been evaluated. Tracking errors smaller than 0.06 (°) are acceptable (they cause power losses smaller than 1%), whereas errors larger than 0.36 (°) start being noticeable (power losses greater than 3%). The proposed new tracking system gives 16.64% more energy, a 78.46% higher energy-to-area ratio, and a 4.62% less levelized cost of energy that the classic tracking system with one movement used in large-scale linear Fresnel reflectors.
•A new tracking system for a Fresnel reflector has been designed and simulated.•We designed and constructed all electronic circuits and we calculated its cost.•We have compared the absorbed power in two cases: with and without tracking errors.•The new system gives 16.64% more energy than the classic tracking systems.•And it also gives a 78.46% higher energy-to-area ratio than the classic systems.
Arduino, an open-source electronics platform, has become the go-to option for anyone working on interactive hardware and software projects. An Arduino board (such as the Uno) connected to a ...breadboard with plugins such as inputs, sensors, lights, and displays can be controlled by a code written in the Arduino development environment. How to achieve this is by prototyping with Arduino. Prototyping with Arduino has grown in popularity with the increased use of the Arduino platform. Prototyping with Arduino, however, is not an easy task for nonprogrammers with interest in the field. With increased public interest in the field will come a need for accessible information. This paper presents a methodical literature review intended to intensively analyze and compare existing primary studies on prototyping with Arduino. We found about 130 of such studies, all peer-reviewed and published within the last 15 years, including these years (2015–2020). These studies were tediously and carefully chosen through a three-step process. In this paper, a cautious analysis of selected studies was followed by a clear description of the methods applied. The methods were categorized according to the success rate of the studied prototypes. Results obtained can be used in researches on the best technique to adopt while prototyping with Arduino. They can also be used in electronics researches and by individuals who wish to obtain a guide on prototyping with Arduino despite lacking grounded knowledge of the subject matter.
In latest days, the amount of cars has risen dramatically. As a result, free parking space has become a issue, particularly in metros. This raises the demand for the development of a semi-automated ...car parking system, which makes effective use of room and prevents traffic congestion. But the operation and maintenance of such a car parking system is very difficult. Earlier, the parking spaces available for parking were tracked by human staff, which was very time consuming. Here, we have created a semi-automatic parking scheme that provides a distinct parking slot for each vehicle. Therefore, the driver does not need to search for a vacant slot. This scheme also requires less manpower. Any number of cars entering or leaving the zone at the same time may also be accommodated. This stops the driver from stopping at the door. The system is extremely energy efficient by turning on the lamps in the parking area only when the vehicle is on the move, which makes it distinct from most parking schemes. A research on current systems shows that there are automated systems based on sensor networks or video systems that monitor the existence of vehicles and the accessibility of free parking spaces. They lack the benefit of giving each vehicle a distinctive slot, thus generating confusion when many vehicles arrive at the same time.
Modul Digitalisasi Mikroskop Masyhud Muqoddam; Wisnu Kartika; Susilo Ari Wibowo
Medika Teknika (Online),
11/2020, Letnik:
2, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Mikroskop merupakan alat yang sering digunakan pada Laboratorium Rumah Sakit untuk mengamati benda kecil berukuran mikro. Pada era digital saat ini masih banyak penggunaan mikroskop konvensional di ...Rumah Sakit Nasional, sehingga penggunaannya menjadi kurang efektif. Pemanfaatan digitalisasi mikroskop sangat dibutuhkan supaya dapat mengikuti perubahan zaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat modul digitalisasi mikroskop yang dapat mempermudah pekerjaan analis kesehatan di Laboratorium. Perancangan prototype dengan menggunakan Raspberry Pi Camera. Modul Raspberry Pi Camera akan mengubah data analog dari mikroskop menjadi data digital berupa citra gambar yang diproses oleh Raspberry Pi kemudian akan ditampilkan pada layar LCD. Fitur Freeze juga terdapat pada alat tersebut. Hasil data citra berupa gambar dapat disimpan dalam sebuah media penyimpanan seperti flashdisk untuk keperluan arsip dan analisis tingkat lanjut. Hasil survei kinerja modul digitalisasi mikroskop ini di Laboratorium Rumah Sakit Islam Klaten menunjukkan bahwa seluruh responden setuju terhadap semua aspek penilaian kinerja modul dengan jangkauan rata-rata presentase sebesar 60% - 79.99%.
Raspberry Pi 3 is a tiny affordable chip used to learn and program through interactive projects. It has gained a lot of traction as the first choice in single-board computers due to its versatility. ...It extends a wide range of support to Python programming. This recipe-based guide will allow you to showcase the capabilities of Raspberry Pi 3.
Internet of things is winding up increasingly more prevalent step by step because of its various focal points. Here expression Internet of Things proclaims a dream of things to come Internet where ...interfacing physical things. Albeit a significant part of the work has been done until today to comprehend the Internet of Things into complete, the vast majority of the work centers around asset obliged hubs, instead of connecting the current installed system1 to the Internet of things organize. In this paper, we are building temperature based observing framework utilizing Internet of things for the server room .Here there is an application which will demonstrate the present temperature of the server room after every 2 seconds, and on the off chance that we need to change the temperature of the server room we can transform it as needs be. Here we are utilizing equipment perceived as raspberry pi for interfacing reason. Countries can gather the capability of this influx of advancement for assembling as well as for regularly life and work and the improvement of new data and administrations that will change the manner in which we get things done in numerous different backgrounds. Be that as it may, its prosperity isn't unsurprising. We have assessed our framework and demonstrated that our system can be utilized successfully to incorporate functional Internet of things applications over existingsystem
Vehicle Speed Detection using Raspberry Pi Dharini, D.; Srividhya, R.
International journal of innovative technology and exploring engineering,
09/2019, Letnik:
8, Številka:
11
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Due to the increasing accidents in the road, we are proposing a system to reduce it. Mainly the occurrence of accidents is due to the vehicle speed, so by figuring the over speed vehicle actions can ...be easily taken. Using this system the speed of moving vehicles can be determined with raspberry pi .The system is designed to detect the moving vehicles and calculate its velocity. The system used Open CV as image processing software and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol(SMTP) to perceive and follow the moving vehicles. Several types of capturing size of the video are used in this system to check and measure the performance of the embedded board.
Abrupt collapse events that result in casualties due to failure of load-bearing structures have been reported in recent years. Continuous remote monitoring of these structures, assessing the behavior ...under operational load, could provide a reliable prevention, as the developing damage manifests itself through a loss of stiffness, and therefore excessive deflections. Digital image correlation (DIC) algorithms based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) were implemented in a small computer unit Raspberry Pi, capable of remote operation in a low-energy demand mode. The unit is fully autonomous, capable of localizing QR code targets and extracting encoded information. This strategy allows us to instantly evaluate displacements of QR codes attached to any surface and send the data to a server. The software was developed in Python, allowing for two modes: the online mode for current data evaluation with information transfer via the MQTT protocol and the offline mode used for retrospective evaluation.
Although reflectometry is not the primary application of Global Positioning System (GPS) and similar Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), fast‐growing GNSS tracking networks has led to the ...emergence of GNSS interferometric reflectometry technique for monitoring surface changes such as water level. However, scientific‐grade or geodetic GNSS instruments are expensive, which is a limiting factor for their prompt and more widespread deployment as a dedicated environmental sensor. We present a prototype called Raspberry Pi Reflector (RPR) that includes a low‐cost and low‐maintenance single‐frequency GPS module and a navigation antenna connected to an inexpensive Raspberry Pi microcomputer. A unit has been successfully operating for almost 2 years since March 2020 in Wesel (Germany) next to the Rhine river. Sub‐daily and daily water levels are retrieved using spectral analysis of reflection data. The river level measurements from RPR are compared with a co‐located river gauge. We find an Root‐Mean‐Square Error (RMSE) of 7.6 cm in sub‐daily estimates and 6 cm in daily means of river level. In August 2021, we changed the antenna orientation from upright to sideways facing the river. The RMSE reduced to 3 cm (sub‐daily) and 1.5 cm (daily) with the new orientation. While satellite radar altimetry techniques have been utilized to monitor water levels with global coverage, their measurements are associated with moderate uncertainties and temporal resolution. Therefore, such low‐cost and high‐precision instruments can be paired with satellite data for calibrating, validating and modeling purposes. These instruments are financially (<US$ 150 as of November 2021) and technically accessible worldwide.
Key Points
We present a prototype for tracking water levels called the Raspberry Pi (RPi) Reflector with centimeter level accuracy
It consists of cost‐effective single‐frequency Global Positioning System module and navigation antenna connected to RPi microcomputer
It uses interferometric reflectometry technique and can be operated safely in extreme weather with lower operational costs
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