Prehrana dojenčkov v antičnem Rimu Stemberger Flegar, Kaja
Keria: Studia Latina et Graeca,
12/2023, Letnik:
25, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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Materino mleko je običajno prva otrokova hrana, vendar dojenje zaradi različnih razlogov ni vedno možno. Že iz prazgodovine so tako izpričane posode, ki so verjetno služile za hranjenje otrok kot ...nadomestek dojenja. Iz rimskodobne Slovenije poznamo nekaj takih najdb, a doslej niso bile prepoznane kot posodice za dojenje. Značilne so po tankih stenah in dodatnem dulcu poleg ustja. Nalogo dojenja je lahko opravljala tudi dojilja, s čimer je povezanih več antičnih mitov, pa tudi posvetilni napisi in upodobitve dojilj v Petovioni. Razprave o prehrani dojenčkov in otrok najdemo tudi v delih antičnih piscev in zdravilcev.
The associated Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicities of a module are a descending sequence of non-negative integers. These invariants of a module are a generalization of the classical Hilbert-Samuel ...multiplicity of an ideal. In this article, we compute the associated Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity of a direct sum of cyclic modules and give a formula for the second to last positive associated Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity in terms of the ordinary Buchsbaum-Rim and Hilbert-Samuel multiplicities. This is a natural generalization of a formula given by Kirby and Rees.
•RIM Driven thrusters represent a valid alternative to ducted propellers.•Cavitation and tip vortexes have to be controlled already in the design phase, exploiting the potentialities of the RIM ...configuration.•Traditional design methods may fail with such unconventional geometries and requirements.•Simulation based design optimization tools based on accurate RANS calculations represent a feasible design alternative.
A simulation-based design optimization (SBDO) tool is proposed for the design of rim driven thrusters. The optimization framework consists of a parametric description of the rim blade geometry and a multi-objective optimization algorithm which makes use of the results from high-fidelity RANS calculations to drive the choice towards optimal blade shapes. Maximization of the propulsive efficiency and minimization of cavitation, monitored through the simplest cavitation inception criterion based on the analysis of the non-cavitating pressure distribution over the blade, are the contrasting objectives selected for the design. A constraint on the delivered thrust fixes the functioning condition of the devised propellers. Four distinct design runs, changing the number of blades, from three to six, are considered. The reference performance are those of a ducted propeller operating in a decelerating nozzle which is exactly used in the case of rim configuration. Results of the optimizations prove the flexibility and the reliability of the SBDO framework in dealing with unconventional configurations. A generalized reduction of the risk of cavitation is observed regardless the number of blades; five- and six-bladed propulsors ensure remarkable (about 40%) higher margins with respect to any (leading edge and midchord) cavitating phenomena at the cost only of a slight reduction of efficiency. Also, the structure of the tip vortexes results significantly modified.
Voltage‐gated calcium (CaV) channels and their regulation by proteins at the synaptic cleft play a critical role in neurotransmission. These interactions fine‐tune the synaptic response through the ...regulation of Ca2+ entry into the presynaptic terminal and trigger the fusion of vesicles filled with neurotransmitters and peptides. Regulation of CaV channel intrinsic properties and their numbers at the active zones shape the timing and strength of synaptic function. Here, we provide an overview of a number of proteins reported to be part of CaV channel nanodomains at the synaptic cleft and the repercussions of these interactions for CaV channel trafficking, tethering at the active zone, and regulation of their biophysical properties. We summarize the current state of knowledge by which CaV channels are regulated at presynaptic sites.
Voltage‐gated calcium channel nanodomains are formed through interactions with a number of different proteins that are involved in diverse functions. From the cytoskeleton to active zone proteins, each interaction has a specific role in neurotransmission. In this review, Gandini and Zamponi summarize current understanding of how calcium channels are trafficked, tethered at the active zone, and the functional implications of these interactions.
Core‐rim structure, concerning its interface structure and internal stress, plays an important role in mechanical performance of Ti(C,N)‐based cermets. Four types of cermets containing equimolar TaC, ...VC, ZrC, and NbC were fabricated, in order to reveal the synergetic relationship between core‐rim structure and mechanical properties. VC and ZrC effectively inhibited the grain growth, while TaC and NbC favored for coarser core‐rim grains. A thin distortion layer at the rim‐binder interface was confirmed, formed during the solidifying stage. Compared to the TaC, ZrC and NbC, VC shrunk the lattice parameters of rims and effectively decreased the lattice misfit of the distortion zone from around 4.0%‐0.8%. Cermets containing VC showed satisfactory bending strength of 2099 MPa and toughness of 10. 3 MPa m1/2, owing to the strengthened rim‐binder interface. TaC and NbC exhibited the similar roles in cermets with comparable mechanical properties, while addition of ZrC increased the lattice misfit of core‐rim structure, resulting in poor mechanical performance. Decreased lattice misfit of rim‐binder interface changed the fracture mode of cermets from intergranular to transgranular fracture, with in‐situ formed dimples.
Os pacientes transplantados renais apresentam elevada taxa de letalidade após a infecção por síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (Sars-CoV-2). Além disso, a resposta imune vacinal é menor e menos ...duradoura, o que os torna mais susceptíveis a formas graves, mesmo quando vacinados. As evidências sugerem que, além da idade avançada e da elevada prevalência de comorbidades frequentemente associadas a pior prognóstico, como diabetes, obesidade e doenças cardiovasculares, a imunossupressão prolongada exerce um efeito independente sobre os desfechos. De fato, a resposta imune adaptativa celular e humoral, a qual está inibida pela imunossupressão, é passo fundamental para a resolução da infecção por Sars-CoV-2. Por outro lado, a inibição linfocitária poderia modular a produção aberrante de citocinas pró-inflamatórias que resultam no grave comprometimento pulmonar, amenizando a gravidade do quadro. Além disso, alguns fármacos imunossupressores possuem propriedades antivirais, potencialmente aplicáveis ao coronavírus. Essa revisão narrativa teve como objetivo discutir as evidências disponíveis sobre o impacto dos fármacos imunossupressores sobre os desfechos da Covid-19 em transplantados renais.
Vehicles often experience low tire pressures and high torques in off-road operations, making tire–rim slip likely. Tire–rim slip is undesirable relative rotation between the tire and rim, which, in ...this study, is measured by the relative tire–rim slip rate. There is little research on the effect of different terrains on tire–rim slip despite its significance for off-road driving; therefore, this topic was explored through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations. An upland sandy loam soil was modelled and calibrated using Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), and then a Regional Haul Drive (RHD) truck tire was simulated driving over this terrain, with a drawbar load added to increase drive torque. To examine their effects, five parameters were changed: tire–rim friction coefficient, longitudinal wheel speed, drawbar load, vertical load, and inflation pressure. The simulations showed that increasing the tire–rim friction coefficient and the inflation pressure decreased the tire–rim slip while increasing the vertical and drawbar loads increased the tire–rim slip. Varying the longitudinal wheel speed had no significant effect. Tire–rim slip was more likely to occur on the soil because it happened at lower drawbar loads on the soil than on the hard surface. These research results increased knowledge of tire–rim slip mechanics and provided a foundation for exploring tire–rim slip on other terrains, such as clays or sands.
MIELOLIPOMA EM GLÂNDULA ADRENAL DE UM CANINO Togni, Monique; Smaha de Jesus Lima, Joana Cristina; Martins Quirilos Assis, Maisa ...
UNINGÁ Review (Online),
10/2020, Letnik:
35
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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O presente relato visa descrever os achados macroscópicos e histopatológicos de um canino com mielolipoma em glândula adrenal esquerda. Tumores de glândula adrenal são neoplasias frequentes em cães, ...porém mielolipomas são geralmente encontrados em bovinos ou primatas sendo infrequente em outras espécies. Um cadáver de um canino, sem raça definida, com diagnóstico clínico de doença renal aguda foi encaminhado ao Laboratório de Patologia para a realização da necropsia. Na abertura da cavidade abdominal foi encontrada uma massa crânio-medial ao rim esquerdo que circundava o hilo renal. O rim esquerdo apresentava leve aumento de volume. A massa foi diagnosticada microscopicamente como Mielolipoma e no rim esquerdo foram encontradas alterações que sugeriam isquemia renal. O diagnóstico de mielolipoma de adrenal foi considerado um achado incidental de necropsia, sendo a causa da morte deste canino uma doença renal bilateral de origem não determinada. Porém, apesar deste tumor não estar relacionado ao óbito do animal lesões compatíveis com isquemia no rim esquerdo foram encontradas, demonstrando, que tumores benignos de adrenal, como o mielolipoma, podem gerar lesões por compressão no rim.
Hydronephrosis results from a total or partial obstruction of the lower urinary Hydronephrosis results from total or partial obstruction of the lower urinary tract, which promotes progressive ...dilation of the renal pelvis, and consequently, compression and atrophy of the parenchyma. Although its casuistry is low, its diagnosis is favored by clinical, laboratory and imaging exams. The aim of this study was to report the case of an adult mixed breed (SRD) dog with severe hydronephrosis that culminated in unilateral right nephrectomy. The animal had a distended abdomen with no painful response and a flank wound through which it drained blood and purulent secretion. Laboratory tests indicated normochromic normocytic anemia, leukocytosis with deviation to the left and increased plasma proteins. During the surgery, the right kidney was attached to the peritoneum, spleen, pancreas, omentum, liver and stomach. There were no free abdominal fluids or signs of peritoneal and / or retroperitoneal inflammation. Loss of renal parenchyma with replacement by intense fibrous connective tissue was verified microscopically. This report describes the evolution of this case from its initial consultation to the ninety days after the postoperative period. The underlying cause of the disease has not been clarified.
La hidronefrosis es el resultado de una obstrucción total o parcial del tracto urinario inferior, que promueve la dilatación progresiva de la pelvis renal y, en consecuencia, la compresión y la atrofia del parénquima. Aunque su casuística es baja, su diagnóstico se ve favorecido por los exámenes clínicos, de laboratorio y de imágenes. El objetivo de este estudio fue informar el caso de un perro adulto mestizo con hidronefrosis severa que culminó en nefrectomía derecha unilateral. El animal tenía el abdomen distendido sin respuesta dolorosa y una herida en el costado a través de la cual drenaba la secreción sangrienta y purulenta. Las pruebas de laboratorio indicaron anemia normocrómica normocítica, leucocitosis con un desplazamiento a la izquierda y un aumento de las proteínas plasmáticas. Durante la cirugía, el riñón derecho se unió al peritoneo, el bazo, el páncreas, el epiplón, el hígado y el estómago. No hubo fluidos abdominales libres ni signos de inflamación peritoneal y / o retroperitoneal. La pérdida del parénquima renal con reemplazo por tejido conectivo fibroso intenso se verificó microscópicamente. Este informe describe la evolución de este caso desde su consulta inicial hasta los noventa días posteriores al postoperatorio. La causa subyacente de la enfermedad no se fue aclarada.
A hidronefrose decorre de obstrução total ou parcial do trato urinário inferior, o que promove dilatação progressiva da pelve renal, e por consequência, compressão e atrofia do parênquima. Embora sua casuística seja baixa, seu diagnóstico é favorecido por exames clínico, laboratoriais e de imagem. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o caso de um cão sem raça definida (SRD) adulto portador de hidronefrose acentuada que culminou com nefrectomia unilateral direita. O animal apresentava abdome distendido sem resposta dolorosa e uma ferida em flanco pelo qual drenava secreção sanguinopurulenta. Exames laboratoriais indicaram anemia normocítica normocrômica, leucocitose com desvio à esquerda e aumento das proteínas plasmáticas. Durante o ato cirúrgico, o rim direito encontrava-se aderido ao peritônio, baço, pâncreas, omento, fígado e estômago. Não havia líquido livre abdominal ou sinais de inflamação peritoneal e/ou retroperitoneal. Perda do parênquima renal com substituição por tecido conjuntivo fibroso intenso foi verificado microscopicamente. Neste relato é descrita a evolução deste caso desde sua consulta inicial até os noventa dias após o pós-operatório. A causa base da doença não foi esclarecida.
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