The Kirkwood–Salzburg type equations are considered as nonlinear equations for the correlation functions of the canonical ensemble. Their solutions are built in the form of expansions in the powers ...of the density.
This is a catalogue of the musical sources of Salzburg Cathedral between ca. 1670 and 1841, that have survived in the holdings of the Dommusikarchiv at the Archiv der Erzdiözese Salzburg.
In diesem ...Katalog finden sich die im Bestand Dommusikarchiv im Archiv der Erzdiözese Salzburg überlieferten musikalischen Quellen des Salzburger Doms zwischen ca. 1670 und 1841.
•The diagnosis of NCSE is still a challenge for the clinician.•In 2015 SCC have been proposed as new electroencephalographic criteria for NCSE diagnosis.•Full agreement between clinicians’ diagnosis ...and SCC has been found for Definite NCSE and to exclude NCSE diagnosis.•Possible NCSE category is still a grey zone needing careful multimodal evaluation.
To evaluate the concordance between the EEG diagnosis of non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) made by the treating physician and the application of the Salzburg Consensus Criteria (SCC) on consecutive urgent EEG requested for acute alteration of consciousness not otherwise explained.
Retrospective evaluation of all urgent EEGs acquired between January 1st and March 31st 2018 in adolescents and adult patients (≥14 years old). The ‘reference’ was the neurologist who first evaluated the patient and reported the corresponding EEG diagnosis. All were blind to the SCC. All included EEG were evaluated and classified by three neurologists trained in the application of SCC blind to the clinical diagnosis.
181 consecutive EEGs entered the study. The treating clinician diagnosed a NCSE in 17 cases (9%). According to the SCC, 12 EEGs were classified as Definite NCSE (7%), 71 (39 %) as Possible NCSE, and 98 (54 %) as no NCSE. A perfect concordance was found for the Definite- and No-NCSE categories, while only 5 patients with a Possible-NCSE were diagnosed by the treating clinician as having NCSE. It is relevant to note that aamong the 66 patients with a Possible NCSE not diagnosed as SE by the treating clinician, only two presented an evolution toward a definite SE.
SCC have optimal performances for the ‘Definite NCSE’, and to exclude the presence of a NCSE. Conversely, the Possible NCSE category is still a a grey land of debate that could potentially include many different conditions.
•Salzburg criteria is highly compatible for the diagnosis of definite/possible NCSE.•Prognosis associate etiology, morphology of status patterns and clinical findings.•Salzburg criteria does not have ...an impact on prognosis.
This study investigated the clinical and electroencephalography (EEG) features and prognostic factors of patients with nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE).
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical files and EEG data of 45 (28 females, mean age 54 ± 22.6 years) consecutive patients with NCSE over a five-year period. An EEG interpreter who was blinded to the clinical findings evaluated the EEGs according to the Salzburg Consensus Criteria (SCC) for NCSE. Patient demographics, etiology, neuroimaging and laboratory data, EEG features, treatment, and outcome measures were analyzed.
The most common etiology for NCSE was acute symptomatic etiologies (57.8%) and cerebrovascular disease (48.9%). The majority (68.9%) of the patients presented with new-onset status epilepticus (SE). NCSE was refractory to treatment in 31.1% of patients. The most common status pattern consisted of rhythmic delta/theta activity in 62.3% of EEGs. Twenty-five status patterns on the EEGs were classified as definite, 30 as possible, and six as no NCSE according to the SCC. The in-hospital mortality rate was high (33.3%) showing an association with potentially fatal etiology, refractory SE, treatment with continuous I.V. anesthetics and also the presence of multiple status patterns and nonreactivity in EEGs (p < 0.05).
The SCC for NCSE have high diagnostic accuracy but do not affect prognosis. Potentially fatal etiology, multiple status patterns on EEG and non-reactive EEGs may carry significantly greater risk for short-term mortality.
The annual summer Salzburg festival is one of the most prestigious and important events in the musical world. Since 1920 the festival has been held in the homeland of W.A. Mozart and serves as an ...indicator of the socio-political life of Europe. The presence of M. Cebotari at this festival as opera and chamber singer had a very special role in her career (which could be subdivided into two periods: pre-war (1931–1932 and 1938–1939) and post-war (1945–1948)) being marked by bright artistic performances that were highly appreciated both by the public and critics. The article presents materials from newspaper reviews that reflect M. Cebotari's interpretation of the parts from the performances played at the festival. These materials, previously unknown to the Moldovan reader, have been translated from the German language by the author. Also, rare photographs from a German archive are included to demonstrate that in the summer of 1943 M. Cebotari met R. Strauss in Salzburg.
From the late eighteenth century, more and more men and women wished to marry their cousins or in-laws. This aim was primarily linked to changes in marriage concepts, which were increasingly based on ...familiarity. Wealthy as well as economically precarious households counted on related marriage partners. Such unions, however, faced centuries-old marriage impediments. Bridal couples had to apply for a papal dispensation. This meant a hurdled, lengthy and also expensive procedure. This book shows that applicants in four dioceses – Brixen, Chur, Salzburg and Trent – took very different paths through the thicket of bureaucracy to achieve their goal. How did they argue their marriage projects? How did they succeed and why did so many fail? Tenacity often proved decisive in the end.
Introduction. Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) has been traditionally a challenging electroencephalographic (EEG) diagnosis. For this reason, Salzburg consensus criteria (SCC) have been ...proposed to facilitate correct diagnosis. Methods. We retrospectively reanalyzed 41 cases referred to our department (from 2016 to 2018) under the suspicion of NCSE. In this study, we compared the original description (standard criteria) versus the updated description (SCC) of the same EEG. Results. Originally, 15 patients were diagnosed as NCSE (37%) and 26 patients as no NCSE (63%), using the standard criteria. Then, we analyzed EEGs according to the SCC, which led to the following results: 9 patients fulfilled the criteria for definite NCSE (22%), 20 patients were diagnosed as possible NCSE (49%) and 12 patients were diagnosed as no NCSE (29%). Subsequently, when we analyze the outcome of possible NCSE cases, we note that 50% of these patients presented mild-poor outcome (neurological deficits, deceased). Indeed, we observed worse outcomes in patients previously diagnosed as no NCSE and untreated, specifically post-anoxic cases. Conclusions. Salzburg criteria seem to be a useful tool to support NCSE diagnosis, introducing the category of possible NCSE. In our study, we observed that it contributes to improving the prognosis and management of the patients. However, more prospective studies are needed to demonstrate the accuracy of SCC.
Combined in-situ U–Pb, Lu–Hf and trace element LA–ICP–MS analyses were performed on zircons from the W-mineralized K1–K3 orthogneiss and associated aplite gneiss from the Felbertal scheelite deposit. ...The textural and trace element characteristics suggest the presence of magmatic and hydrothermal zircon. Magmatic zircons have low concentrations of W (0.108–3.77ppm), Nb (5.04–48ppm), U (691–3079ppm), B (0.26–6.57ppm), and REE+Y (640–4576ppm) and form euhedral CL-bright cores with distinct oscillatory zoning (zone a). Saturation of P in the granitic melt causing apatite crystallization explains the presence of two sub-types of CL-bright zircon cores distinguished by distinct P and Ca concentrations and variable positive Ce-anomalies. Higher trace element abundances and lower Zr/Hf ratios occur in CL-dark zircons with weak oscillatory zoning (zone b) overgrowing the zircon cores and in granular textured zircons restricted to the aplite gneiss. The increase in trace elements in zircon can be linked to the differentiation of the granitic melt and prolonged zircon crystallization during the transition from the late magmatic to the hydrothermal stage. CL-dark unzoned (texture-less) domains (zone b′) in K1–K3 orthogneiss zircons and granular textured zircons from the aplite gneiss have supra-chondritic Y/Ho ratios (29–62) indicating zircon growth in the presence of F-rich hydrothermal fluids exsolved from the evolved K1–K3 melt. Zone b′ zircons have the highest concentrations of W (4.3–11.4ppm), Nb (63–405ppm), B (7.3–135ppm), REE+Y (0.31–1.87 mass%) and U (1.23–5.56mass%); they are interpreted as hydrothermal and related to W-mineralizing fluids. Magmatic and hydrothermal zircon has identical U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotopic signature indicating the same source. The in-situ U–Pb concordia ages of zircons of four K1–K3 orthogneisses and one aplite gneiss confine the emplacement period of this granitic series between 341.0Ma and 336.2Ma. The initial ɛHft values ranging from −7.6 to −4.3 indicate a crustal protolith. The Felbertauern augengneiss is similar; it yielded a U–Pb concordia age of 338.5±1.3Ma and initial ɛHft between −6.8 and −5.3. On the contrary, zircons from the Granatspitz gneiss yielded discordant U–Pb ages (Late Carboniferous to Early Permian) and the ɛHft values scatter between −3.1 and +2.5 excluding any relation with the K1–K3 orthogneiss. Our new LA–ICP–MS data corroborate the genetic relationship of the W-mineralization at Felbertal with the Early Carboniferous K1–K3 orthogneiss series. The K1–K3 orthogneiss was part of a larger magmatic suite that developed during the Variscan orogeny in the pre-Alpine basement of the Tauern Window in the Viséan.
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•Zircon records magmatic to hydrothermal evolution of a W mineralized metagranite at Felbertal scheelite deposit•Hydrothermal zircon is trace element-rich (U, Nb, W, B) and genetically linked to ore formation.•Variscan magmatic activity is limited to the Viséan period between 341 and 336Ma at Felbertal scheelite deposit.
From the late eighteenth century, more and more men and women wanted to marry their cousins or in-laws. In this case, bridal couples had to apply for a papal dispensation and this meant a hurdled, ...lengthy and also expensive procedure. This book shows that applicants in four dioceses – Brixen, Chur, Salzburg and Trent – took very different paths through the thicket of bureaucracy to achieve their goal.
Ab dem ausgehenden 18. Jahrhundert wollten immer mehr Männer und Frauen ihre Cousinen und Cousins, Schwägerinnen und Schwäger heiraten. In diesem Fall mussten die Brautpaare um eine päpstliche Dispens ansuchen, und dies war ein hürdenreiches, langwieriges und teures Unterfangen. Das Buch zeigt, dass die „Bittwerber“ in vier Diözesen – Brixen, Chur, Salzburg und Trient – dabei sehr unterschiedliche Wege durch das Dickicht der Bürokratie einschlugen, um ihr Ziel zu erreichen.
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