Günümüzde müzelerin sergileme, koruma ve araştırma işlevlerinin yanı sıra ziyaretçi ile iletişim kurma işlevini de yerine getirdikleri görülmektedir. Özellikle bazı müzelerde çocuklar için çeşitli ...öğrenme ve eğlenme olanakları sağlayan uygulamalara ve etkinliklere rastlanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, ziyaretçi deneyimi üzerinde yalnızca müzenin sahip olduğu fiziksel faktörler değil; ziyaretçilerle olan iletişim ve müze personelinin profesyonelliği gibi unsurlar da etkili olmaktadır. Sivas Arkeoloji Müzesi’ni ziyaret eden 18 yaş ve altı çocukların evreni temsil oluşturduğu araştırmada; müzenin ve müzedeki çocuklara yönelik uygulamaların ziyaretçi deneyimi kapsamında nasıl değerlendirildiğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma bulguları doğrultusunda müzenin sahip olduğu fiziksel koşulların genel olarak elverişli olduğu; ancak sergilenen eserlerle ilgili yapılan açıklamaların yeterli olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Diğer taraftan müzede ziyaretçileri yönlendirebilecek, müze ve eserler hakkında kapsamlı bilgi verebilecek bir müze görevlisinin olmaması da eleştirilmiştir. Müzede düzenlenen etkinlikler arasında en fazla ilgi çeken etkinliğin sikke basımı olduğu ve müze ziyaretinin sosyalleşmeye, toplumla uyum sağlamaya ve en fazla da eğitime katkıda bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. * Bu çalışma 24-27 Nisan 2019 tarihinde yapılan 2. Uluslararası Çocuk Dostu Turizm Kongresinde sunulmuş, kongre kitabında tam metin bildiri olarak yayınlanmıştır.
Günümüzde müzelerin sergileme, koruma ve araştırma işlevlerinin yanı sıra ziyaretçi ile iletişim kurma işlevini de yerine getirdikleri görülmektedir. Özellikle bazı müzelerde çocuklar için çeşitli ...öğrenme ve eğlenme olanakları sağlayan uygulamalara ve etkinliklere rastlanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, ziyaretçi deneyimi üzerinde yalnızca müzenin sahip olduğu fiziksel faktörler değil; ziyaretçilerle olan iletişim ve müze personelinin profesyonelliği gibi unsurlar da etkili olmaktadır. Sivas Arkeoloji Müzesi’ni ziyaret eden 18 yaş ve altı çocukların evreni temsil oluşturduğu araştırmada; müzenin ve müzedeki çocuklara yönelik uygulamaların ziyaretçi deneyimi kapsamında nasıl değerlendirildiğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma bulguları doğrultusunda müzenin sahip olduğu fiziksel koşulların genel olarak elverişli olduğu; ancak sergilenen eserlerle ilgili yapılan açıklamaların yeterli olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Diğer taraftan müzede ziyaretçileri yönlendirebilecek, müze ve eserler hakkında kapsamlı bilgi verebilecek bir müze görevlisinin olmaması da eleştirilmiştir. Müzede düzenlenen etkinlikler arasında en fazla ilgi çeken etkinliğin sikke basımı olduğu ve müze ziyaretinin sosyalleşmeye, toplumla uyum sağlamaya ve en fazla da eğitime katkıda bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. * Bu çalışma 24-27 Nisan 2019 tarihinde yapılan 2. Uluslararası Çocuk Dostu Turizm Kongresinde sunulmuş, kongre kitabında tam metin bildiri olarak yayınlanmıştır.
Determination of LULC (land use/land cover) changes in urban planning studies is very important. However, LST (land surface temperature) and UHI (urban heat island) directly associated with LU ...changes are the parameters that should be considered in similar studies. Therefore, Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are commonly used for obtaining this kind of information. In this study, the relationship between LULC, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and LST in Sivas city center and its surroundings was studied by using Landsat satellite images from 1989 to 2015 and UHI intensity was also demonstrated. The results clearly show that the urban built-up areas and agricultural lands increased while barren land decreased over the study period. The changes in LST can be monitored depending on the construction materials such as the presence of green areas, the city’s unique geographical location and topography. Urban built-up and bare lands have the highest LST and the urban built-up surface temperature showed a fluctuating trend while the rural area temperature showed a tendency to decrease. The urban built-up areas increased, a positive UHI intensity was observed and also an urban heat island formation was determined.
This case study presented herein compares the GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping methods such as conditional probability (CP), logistic regression (LR), artificial neural networks (ANNs) and ...support vector machine (SVM) applied in Koyulhisar (Sivas, Turkey). Digital elevation model was first constructed using GIS software. Landslide-related factors such as geology, faults, drainage system, topographical elevation, slope angle, slope aspect, topographic wetness index, stream power index, normalized difference vegetation index, distance from settlements and roads were used in the landslide susceptibility analyses. In the last stage of the analyses, landslide susceptibility maps were produced from ANN, CP, LR, SVM models, and they were then compared by means of their validations. However, area under curve values obtained from all four methodologies showed that the map obtained from ANN model looks like more accurate than the other models, accuracies of all models can be evaluated relatively similar. The results also showed that the CP is a simple method in landslide susceptibility mapping and highly compatible with GIS operating features. Susceptibility maps can be easily produced using CP, because input process, calculation and output processes are very simple in CP model when compared with the other methods considered in this study.
The recent discovery of Oligo-Miocene salt-walled continental mini-basins in the Sivas Basin (central Anatolia, Turkey) provides the opportunity to unravel the influence of halokinesis on the ...diagenesis of continental mini-basin infilling. In this study, petrographic and geochemical analyses are used to define the diagenetic sequences recorded by two mini-basins filled mainly by fluvial clastic sediments of the upper Oligocene Karayün Formation. The initial diagenetic features are those commonly encountered in arid to semi-arid continental environments, i.e. clay infiltration, hematite precipitation and vadose calcite cement. Other early cements were strongly controlled by sandstone detrital composition in the presence of saline/alkaline pore water. In feldspathic litharenites and lithic arkoses, near-surface alterations were characterized by the precipitation of analcime (up to 10%), albite and quartz overgrowths (<1%). These events were followed by extensive calcite cementation (up to 30%) during shallow burial diagenesis which prevented further mesogenetic alteration phenomena such as compaction. In feldsarenites, early diagenesis differs by (i) the absence of analcime, (ii) better developed albite cements, (iii) thin smectite–illite coatings forming pore linings and (iv) patchy calcite cementation (<5%). The limited development of calcite cement allowed mesogenetic alterations to occur, such as late quartz overgrowths, albitization of feldspar grains and chemical compaction. All these phases are responsible for the low porosity of feldsarenites (<2%). The greater abundance of carbonate cement in feldspathic litharenites and lithic arkoses is related to a greater proportion of detrital limestone in these sandstones. Early precipitation of analcime, albite, smectite–illite and quartz was likely triggered by the alteration of reactive grains by near-surface saline/alkaline brines originating from the dissolution of adjacent diapiric structures. Mini-basin confinement resulting from halokinesis was probably an important factor influencing surface and subsurface saline/alkaline fluid flow and related diagenesis. Despite the evident role of detrital composition in controlling the recorded diagenetic evolution pathways, the striking similarity between observations in the Sivas Basin and equivalent halokinetic settings of the Pre-Caspian domain suggests that continental clastic deposits of mini-basins may exhibit common diagenetic alteration effects, especially near-surface zeolite precipitation. These effects are linked to the close proximity of diapiric salt during deposition and burial, and result in a significant degradation of porosity.
The subject of this research article is Afghan asylum-seekers – as the world’s most numerous displaced people – who have applied to Turkey for international protection. Its specific focus is on ...Afghan asylum seekers residing in Sivas satellite city who have applied for international protection. The study evaluates their personal experiences with harmonisation and integration, with the main objective being to investigate and analyse the problems they have faced during their harmonisation process, and to develop solutions to these problems. This research was designed as a case study – as a qualitative research methodology – and takes a theoretically interpretive perspective. Within the scope of this study, in addition to observations, in-depth interviews were conducted with seven female and eight male Afghan asylum-seekers who were reached through a snowball technique. As ascertained from the interviewees, the following issues were apparent: their harmonisation processes; the problems they faced in these processes; their expectations from local people; and their plans for the future. The findings related to the harmonisation process indicated that the respondent Afghan asylum-seekers are eager to obtain Turkish citizenship and integrate into society, although it was understood that they faced crucial problems in this regard, being the language barrier, economic insufficiency, and feelings of loneliness and strangeness. To overcome these hurdles, it is though that improving the given language courses in terms of quality and quantity will diminish the language barrier; applying government policies related to employment will decrease the financial insufficiency of Afghan asylum-seekers; and applying non-governmental policies to raise awareness among Afghan asylum-seekers of the opportunities that are open to them, will alleviate their lack of consciousness, and will lead to the development of a greater understanding among local people about the Afghan asylum-seekers, thus eliminating their feelings of loneliness and strangeness.
Today, it is seen that museums fulfill functions of exhibiting, preserving and researching as well as communing with visitors. Especially, in some museums, applications and activities providing ...various learning and entertainment opportunities for children are encountered. Therefore, it is not only physical factors that the museums have on the visitor experience but also the factors such as communication with visitors and professionalism of museums’ staff are also effective on visitor experience. In the research which children are 18 years old or under visiting Sivas Archeology Museum constitutes the universe, it is aimed to reveal how the museum and its applications for children are evaluated within the scope of visitor experience. In line with the research findings, the physical conditions of the museum are generally favorable; however, it was concluded that the explanations about the exhibited works were not sufficient. On the other hand, the absence of museum officials who can guide visitors to the museum and provide comprehensive information about the museum and its artifacts has also been criticized. It has been determined that the most attractive activity among the activities organized in the museum is coin printing and that the museum visit contributes to socialization, adaptation to the society and education.
The extensive gypsum karst of Sivas, Turkey is one of the most outstanding examples of bare gypsum karst in the world. It displays a number of remarkable geomorphic features, including: (1) two ...stepped planation surfaces cut-across folded gypsum developed during an initial phase of slow base level deepening punctuated by periods of stability; (2) unusual deeply entrenched gypsum canyons related to a subsequent phase of rapid fluvial incision and water table lowering; (3) a polygonal karst of superlative quality mainly developed in the upper surface; (4) relict valleys disrupted by sinkholes in the lower erosional surface; (5) a large number of bedrock collapse sinkholes mostly associated with the lower surface; and (6) numerous cover subsidence sinkholes developed in the valley floors. This work analyses the spatial distribution, characteristics and evolution of the sinkholes within the broad Plio-Quaternary geomorphological and paleohydrological evolution of the epigene karst system dominated by autogenic recharge. A cartographic sinkhole inventory has been produced in an area covering 2820 km2 with morphometric data and including 295 bedrock collapse sinkholes and 302 cover subsidence sinkholes. The different sinkhole types show a general spatial zonation controlled by the hydrogeological functioning of the different sectors: (1) solution sinkholes (polygonal karst) in the upper recharge area; (2) bedrock collapse sinkholes in the lower denudation surface and close to the base level, where well developed caves are inferred; and (3) cover subsidence sinkholes, with high densities probably associated with areas of preferred groundwater discharge. The morphology of the bedrock collapse sinkholes, varying from small cylindrical holes to large and deep tronco-conical depressions with gentle slopes reflect to geomorphic evolution of these sinkholes that reach exceptionally large hectometre-scale diameters. Their evolution, involving substantial enlargement and deepening, is attributed to the solutional removal as solute load of large volumes of gypsum by downward vadose flow. This type of morphological evolution with significant post-collapse solutional denudation differs from that observed in carbonate rocks characterised by lower solubility and erodibility. The analysis of historical imagery reveals that bedrock collapse sinkholes currently have a very low probability of occurrence and that buried cover subsidence sinkholes are used for urban development creating risk situations.
•Long-term geomorphological and paleohydrological evolution of the world-class gypsum karst of Sivas•Post-collapse morphological evolution of exceptionally large bedrock collapse sinkholes•Frequency-size relationships of various sinkhole types and in different contexts•Sinkhole hazard assessment based on historical imagery•Paleodrainage disrupted by sinkholes
In this study, heavy metal concentrations in agricultural surface soil (0–5 cm) samples collected from the area around the Kangal lignite-fired thermal power plant were determined using ...energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Also, the pH values of agricultural soil samples were measured to assess the level of acidification. Geo-accumulation index (
I
geo
), enrichment factor (
E
F
), contamination factor (
C
F
), contamination degree (
C
D
), modified contamination degree (mC
D
), and pollution load index (
I
PL
) were estimated to assess the heavy metals pollution in soil samples. The average concentration of Fe, Ti, Mn, Cr, Ni, Zn, Zr, Co, Cu, Pb, As, Sn and Hg was found as 39,065 ± 5096, 2262 ± 738, 721 ± 119, 713 ± 236, 610 ± 199, 82 ± 37, 65 ± 26, 64 ± 19, 29 ± 3, 17 ± 7, 9 ± 7, 3 ± 1 and 2 ± 1 mg kg
−1
, respectively. The values of pH varied from 7.5 to 8.2 with an average value of 8.0 (moderately alkaline). The
I
geo
,
E
F
and
C
F
results reveal that the study area is heavily or very highly contaminated with Cr, Ni, and Hg. On the basis of the
I
PL
value, the soil samples are polluted with heavy metals. However, the mC
D
indicates moderate heavy-metal contamination of the soil samples.
The city of Sivas is located within the upper Kızılırmak basin of Central Anatolia. Although the majority of the district area is located within the upper Kızılırmak basin, some parts are in the in ...the basins of Yesilirmak and Euphrates. Sivas, with a quite steep and rugged terrain, is the leading emigrant city of Turkey. The aim of the present study is to show the distribution of population and habitation in Sivas according to altitude levels and changes in the population accordingly form 1990 to 2015. For this purpose, first proportional and spatial distribution of provincial land was designated according to a 250-meter altitude range and the number and type of habitation was identified within each altitude range. Subsequently, relevant data for each settlement was obtained for 2015 and for the years between 1990 and 2015 from Turkish Statistical Institute and thus the distribution and changes in the population according to altitude range levels determined. In order to determine altitude levels 1/250,000 scale topographic map sheets were quantified using Map Info GIS software and altitude analyzes were made. The findings of the study have revealed that there are parallels population distribution and settlement and altitude levels in the province of Sivas. Namely; 1250-1750 meters altitude range is the zone including the most land provincial and at the same time population and settlement. Rural as well as town and city settlements are located within this altitude range. The second zone is the 1750-2000 meter altitude range level including the second most provincial territory, population, and settlement. On analyzing altitude dependant population growth of the province from 1990 to 2015, except the population growth in Sivas city center and Şarkışla town center, there is a direct relation between population decrease and altitude level. Population decrease rate increased from 1990 to 2015 in line with altitude level ranging from 1000 to 1250 to 2000-2250 meters altitude, which is the upper limit of the population and the settlement.
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