Atorvastatin-80mg/day and Rosuvastatin-40mg/day are the commonest high-dose statin (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors) regimes for post-PCI (Percutaneous Coronary ...Interventions) patients to lower (by ≥50%) blood low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Dearth of conclusive evidence from developing world, regarding overall safety, tolerability and comparative effectiveness (outcome/safety/tolerability/endothelial inflammation control) of Rosuvastatin over Atorvastatin in high-dose, given its higher cost, called for an overall and comparative assessment among post-PCI patients in a tertiary cardiac-care hospital of Kolkata, India.
A record-based non-concurrent cohort study was conducted involving 942 post-PCI patients, aged 18-75 years, on high-dose statin for three months and followed up for ≥one year. Those on Atorvastatin-80mg (n = 321) and Rosuvastatin-40mg (n = 621) were compared regarding outcome (death/non-fatal myocardial infarction: MI/repeated hospitalization/target-vessel revascularisation/control of LDL and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: hsCRP), safety (transaminitis/myopathy/myalgia/myositis/rhabdomyolysis), tolerability (gastroesophageal reflux disease: GERD/gastritis) and inflammation control adjusting for socio-demographics, tobacco-use, medications and comorbidities using SAS-9.4.
Groups varied minimally regarding distribution of age/gender/tobacco-use/medication/comorbidity/baseline (pre-PCI) LDL and hs-CRP level. During one-year post-PCI follow up, none died. One acute MI and two target vessel revascularizations occurred per group. Repeated hospitalization for angina/stroke was 2.18% in Atorvastatin group vs. 2.90% in Rosuvastatin group. At three-months follow up, GERD/Gastritis (2.18% vs 4.83%), uncontrolled hs-CRP (22.74% vs 31.08%) and overall non-tolerability (4.67% vs. 8.21%) were lower for Atorvastatin group. Multiple logistic regression did show that compared to Atorvastatin-80mg, Rosuvastatin-40mg regime had poorer control of hs-CRP (A3OR = 1.45,p = 0.0202), higher (A3OR = 2.07) adverse effects, poorer safety profile (A3OR = 1.23), higher GERD/Gastritis (A3OR = 1.50) and poorer overall tolerability (A3OR = 1.50).
Post-PCI high dose statins were effective, safe and well-tolerated. High dose Rosuvastatin as compared to high dose Atorvastatin were similar in their clinical efficacy. Patients treated with Atrovastatin had significantly lower number of patients with hs-CRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein)/C-reactive protein (CRP) level beyond comparable safe limit and relatively better tolerated as opposed to Rosuvastatin-40mg.Thus given the lower price, Atorvastatin 80mg/day appeared to be more cost-effective. A head-to-head cost-effectiveness as well as efficacy trial may be the need of the hour.
The spread of Western education in Bengal in the wake of British conquest of the province made the province’s literati painfully aware of the contempt with which the new rulers treated them. British ...portrayal of India as a subjugated country passing from its Muslim conquerors to the British hurt their pride. Their ancient religion came under attack from Christian missionaries for its bigotries and social superstitions. This produced a strong reaction among its leading intellects such as Raja Rammohun Roy, Debendranath Tagore, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar, who tried to resuscitate the glory of ancient Indian civilisation by blending them with European ideas of Enlightenment and rationality. Rabindranath Tagore gave a fillip to it by arguing that Indian civilisation did not deserve to be judged by Western yardsticks as it had fixed its ideals in the assimilation of all conflicting influences from outside. India might have been invaded from the outside, but thereafter the invaders always merged with the local people and became India’s own. Therein lay the greatness of Indian civilisation.
Contrary to his usual depiction as a modern secular thinker, heteronomous imaginaries of sacrality and kingship are pervasive in Rabindranath Tagore's plays. A return to these referents, as I show in ...this paper, releases Tagore's thought-world from the stranglehold of derivative categories and allows for his reconstruction as a political thinker. Eschewing the nationalist ideal of valiant and noble rulers shored up from histories and myths as legitimate alternatives to the colonial regime, Tagore aesthetically employed the imaginary of an "absent king" sourced from the Upanishads. Avoiding the tropes of spectrality of a dead king or an exceptional interregnal anarchic moment, emptiness was inscribed in the very heart of the monarchical model, thereby transfiguring it into a radical instituting imaginary of the social. This curiously brought together the apparently antithetical categories of sovereignty and freedom through an insistence on creative will and action.
Nation and Nationalism are concepts drawing in admittedly both negative and positive literary reflections. The idea of nation has the observable outcome that is supplemented strongly with the ...nation's people. It could be, collectively, or individually grasped as one's love for the country. Nationalism can also be acknowledged with patriotism. Both signify the love for one's nation. Nationalism is denoted in terms of Individualistic, collective, political, or cultural congeniality. The association of culture, religion, gender discrimination and other social set up like caste, with nationalism and its deleterious effects on individual and society are some philosophical and realistic themes presented in some of his writings. Tagore's steadfast view on freedom indulges in culture within the strata of nation at the same time draws out his disenchantment for violence. He preached and practiced humanity drawing upon his travel exposure and rich education compounded in the rich fabric of Indian culture.
The essay focuses on two Bengali novels—Bankim Chandra Chatterji's Anandamath (1882) and Rabindranath Tagore's Gora (1909)—to reflect on how they register Bengal's transition to colonial capitalist ...modernity. It begins by discussing the novels' portrayal of the famine of 1769-73 and the Indigo Revolt, specific events from Bengal's colonial history. It then examines the novels' formal peculiarities to understand their mediation of Bengal's experience of transition. Arguing that the novels signal a crisis of praxis, the essay posits that how the texts each resolve this crisis illuminates a divergent conception of politics.
This paper shall unpack the Pandemic by reading the metaphor of moral degradation that gets regularly associated with disease and death. Tagore's novel contemplates this metaphorical association and ...undoes it by locating human agency outside of naturalized morality. The paper establishes Tagore's modernist understanding of human agency and responsibility through two characters - Gobindamanikya and Bilwan. The protagonist, Gobindamanikya, exemplifies Tagore's personal form of Virtue ethics, whereas in Bilwan we see a more practical equivalent of that Virtue ethics in the form of an ethics of care. A formidable opposition to their ethical positions is provided by the character of Raghupati, who invokes the natural order to establish a deontological view of reality. Within this naturalistic deontological worldview, calamities like the pandemic become almost an agreeable occurrence, thus testing the validity of both the positions of Bilwan and Gobindamanikya. By looking at the thanatopolitics of the pandemic situation in the Indian subcontinent, this paper will analyse the assumptions about moral degeneration that cropped up during an epidemic in Tripura. The absence of a mature understanding of the human-nature relation results in conflicting moral stances on both the individual level and between two different religious communities. The paper will explain how the central characters stage a denaturalization of traditional authority through the moral intervention of the central characters. Tagore's novel establishes a mature vintage point from which humanitarian action can be conducted in the event of an epidemic or pandemic.
Rabindranath Tagore had a close observation on Bengali women. He tried to draw the picture of women's position, life style and the inherent miseries from the context of patriarchal mechanism. In most ...of his short stories, he always kept a permanent platform to examine the society as well as its traditional beliefs and barriers against the emancipation of women. The short story "Subha" is one of them. Through the deaf girl Subha, Tagore explained how cruel and terrible role a system can play to make one's life devastating. Although the girl was innocent and harmless, she had to face utmost ignorance, insult and suffocating isolation not only from her family but also from her nearest people. The physical challenge she faced was not her own creation. That was completely a natural phenomenon due to biological complicacies by birth. She could have a normal and happier life like others. As she was physically challenged, the system could be sympathetic considering her situations and struggles. But what Subha experienced in reality was totally opposite to her expectation. In the society she discovered herself as a burden, a threat and a stranger. The aim of this paper is to find out the existential elements that grasped Subha's existence at least as a human being. Keywords: Tagore, Subha, Woman Self, Individuality, Freedom, Anxiety, Destiny, Existentialism
According to the author, millennials are ill-prepared to use cutting-edge technologies in an innovative, responsible, and critical way in their future professions. The REDINGE2 project was conceived ...as a technology-based educational transformation initiative whose main purpose was to transform engineering education practices by using technology-based active learning strategies with the Big-ideas approach. ...the paper by Florez addresses the question of how to develop leadership competencies in students.
The research paper attempts to achieve stylistic analysis of Rabindranath Tagore's Gitanjali which is a world famous Indian classical text. The text includes the collection of 103 poems selected and ...translated by Tagore himself from his various Bengali books of poetry. The reason for analyzing this particular text is that this is one of the texts for which the poet Rabindranath Tagore received Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. Further, this text being one of the classical texts of India needs to be analyzed linguistically. Therefore, the text gets analyzed at various levels of stylistic analysis namely phonological, lexical and morphological, syntactic, semantic and graphological. The each level of analysis explores different stylistic devices as employed in the poems through which the poet conveys the meaning of the poem more effectively to the readers. The identification and analysis of stylistic devices help us understand the literal and figurative meanings of the poems. The use of several stylistic devices like alliteration, assonance, consonance, parallelism, reduplication, simile, personification, capitalization etc. at various levels of stylistic analysis have significantly contributed to the expressions of spiritual meanings as well as to the poetic structures of the text. Keywords: Rabindranath Tagore, Gitanjali, Style, Stylistics, Stylistic Analysis.
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