The Game Sense approach (GSA) helps sport teachers adopt a pedagogical toolkit for the
complex interplay of collective decision making in tennis that evolves from the
dynamics of
momentary ...configurations of play meeting the personal coordination dynamics of the players. This
pedagogical toolkit emphasises game-
based play to teach players how to perceive the game as
“thinking players” capable of functional behaviours tha
t answer the requirements of momentary
configurations of play. This paper
, therefore,
builds on recent theoretical debate in the areas of skil acquisition, the complementarity of perception
-decision making and personal coordination dynamics
(techniques),
comple
x learning theory and coaching pedagogy, to connect the constraints
-perspective
of skill acquisition and the pedagogy of the Game Sense approach to enable theoretically informed
tennis teac
hing. Practical implications of game
-based training will be e
xplained using the example of
the Tennis for Primary Schools program alignment with the developmental stages of the Australian
Curriculum for Health and Physical Education (ACHPE), which are described as student achievement
standar
ds in this curriculum.
Determining the mental model of experts regarding the factors hindering the development of table tennis in Iran. The purpose of this study is to determine the mental pattern of experts regarding the ...barriers to professional table tennis in Iran using Q methodology. The present study is applied in terms of purpose; In terms of exploratory nature; In terms of data collection, descriptive-survey, and due to application, Q methodology is a type of mixed research (quantitative-qualitative). The statistical population was veterans and elites in table tennis in Iran, from which 21 people were selected as participants through a combination of purposeful and unlikely sampling and snowball sampling. Participant sorting data were entered in SPSS software to identify the different mindsets of the participants using Q-factor analysis. Finally, the main deterrents in Iranian professional table tennis were prioritized based on nine mental patterns. These mental patterns were then discussed and interpreted. Finally, coping strategies were proposed.
PET/computed tomography (CT) using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) has been used in the diagnosis of recurrence and metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in cases of negative ...whole-body scan (WBS) despite elevated concentrations of stimulated thyroglobulin (Tg).
To assess the utility of PET/CT in the detection of recurrence among patients with DTC with increased Tg levels and negative results of WBS.
PET/CT results were retrospectively analyzed in patients with DTC with increased Tg and negative results of WBS as well as negative cervical ultrasonography and chest radiography. PET-CT was performed 1-2 weeks after recent diagnostics under conditions of endogenous or exogenous thyroid-stimulating hormone stimulation. PET/CT was performed using a Discovery ST scanner 1 h after an intravenously F-FDG injection (activity 4-5 MBq/kg). To determine the cutoff value of Tg, receiver operating characteristic curves were analyzed.
Sixty-nine patients with DTC (48 women, 21 men) aged 22-83 years (mean 50.9±17.5 years) were qualified. In 44 patients (63.8%), PET/CT indicated lesions of DTC. Thirty (43.5%) patients had F-FDG positive findings. In the remaining 14 patients (20.3%), lesions were found in CT only. Patients with a positive PET/CT scan had significantly higher Tg values than patients with a negative PET/CT (mean 143.8 vs. 26.5 ng/ml, P=0.03). The cutoff value of Tg concentration measured with the receiver operating characteristic analysis was 32.9 ng/ml.
PET/CT is a useful tool in the detection of recurrence among thyroid cancer patients in cases of conflicting results of standard procedures, particularly for those with high Tg levels and negative WBS. The probability of obtaining a positive PET-CT result increases with the level of Tg.
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la influencia del incremento de la carga de entrenamiento por medio del método Repeated Sprint Ability (RSA) sobre el estado de ánimo de jóvenes tenistas. ...Participaron 30 tenistas (15.78±1.58 años) en este programa de entrenamiento (7 semanas). Los sujetos fueron divididos en tres grupos: G1, volumen de entrenamiento de tenis más un incremento del 8.3% por medio de RSA; G2, ídem más un incremento de 16.6% de RSA; y G3, entrenamiento de tenis. El entrenamiento específico de tenis fue controlado e igualado, además se cumplimentó un cuestionario semanal para establecer el perfil de estado de ánimo (Balaguer, Fuentes, Meliá, García-Mérita & Pons, 1995). Los resultados mostraron variaciones en G1 y G2. Mientras en G1 las puntuaciones de los factores tensión y fatiga se incrementaron al final del programa (p<.05), en G2 aumentaron las puntuaciones de tensión, depresión, hostilidad y fatiga al comienzo del programa, y se redujeron significativamente al final (p<.05). En G3 no hubo modificaciones. La diferente evolución del estado de ánimo de los sujetos en función del volumen de entrenamiento de RSA realizado, muestra la necesidad de monitorizar la carga interna para ajustar este entrenamiento.
The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of the repeated sprint ability (RSA) training load increase on the mood states in young tennis players. Thirty tennis players (15.78±1.58 years) took part in this training program (7 weeks). The subjects were divided into 3 groups: G1, specific tennis training and an increase of 8.3% of RSA training volume; G2 specific tennis training and an increase of 16.6% of RSA training volume; G3, only specific tennis training. The specific tennis training volume was controlled and equated for this period, and all the subjects also filled out a weekly questionnaire to establish the profile of mood states (POMS, Balaguer, Fuentes, Meliá, García-Mérita & Pons, 1995). The results showed changes in G1 and G2. Whereas tension and fatigue scores increased at the end of the training program in G1 (p<.05), scores of tension, depression, hostility and fatigue were higher at the beginning than at the end of the training program in G2 (p<.05). There were no significant changes in G3 for any variable. The different evolution of subjects’ mood states based on RSA training volume performed shows the need for monitoring internal load to fit this training.
En este artículo se profundiza en el estudio geográfico de la práctica deportiva en Cataluña, a través de la aplicación de los modelos de variación geográfica de la producción y la migración. Se ...estudia el caso concreto de la práctica del tenis y su relación con el territorio, y con la ayuda de la representación gráfica de los datos se explican las dinámicas que se han ido produciendo. Los resultados sobre el caso concreto de estudio hacen posible, a través de su discusión, explicar la distribución actual de la práctica del tenis en el territorio. Se hace un análisis longitudinal en el tiempo que permite entender los procesos que se han producido de innovación, difusión y adopción de este deporte, y otro de la situación reciente que aporta información sobre la producción de practicantes, espacios y estructura organizativa de determinados ámbitos territoriales. Como conclusiones de este estudio se concretan las razones de las transformaciones observadas en la práctica del tenis, extrapolándolas más allá de este deporte, y extendiendo su validez para otras prácticas que han seguido el mismo proceso de difusión.
Introduction: Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is the most common pathological type of thyroid carcinoma, which includes papillary and follicular subtypes. DTC is usually indolent, ...characterized by good prognosis, and long-term survival. Total thyroidectomy is the mainstay of treatment in DTC which is followed by diagnostic whole body 131I (WBI) scan. Like other primary malignancies of the head and neck, DTC follows a consistent pattern of spread in the cervical LNs. The central compartment, level VI and VII, is the first sentinel node followed by spread to the lateral compartments levels II-V, followed by the contralateral side. Inspite of nodal involvement, DTC usually have a favourable outcome. Presence of extrapulmonary distant metastases could predict a poor prognosis for high-dose 131I therapy. However, distant metastasis occurs often as a grave event and mortality rates vary depending on metastatic sites. Aim and Objectives: A range of rare 131I concentrating DTC deposits in sella, orbit, choroid, skeletal muscles, liver, skin, costochondral soft tissue, pancreas and kidney, and a few benign 131I concentrating sites are being depicted. Materials and Methods: Metastatic sites from DTC can be easily identified by performing a whole body 131I (WBI) scan along with a stimulated thyroglobulin (Tg) estimation (TSH >30 uIU/ml). Apart from thyroid and thyroid-related diseases, certain benign non-thyroidal pathologies can concentrate radioiodine (131I). From 13,000 of our patients who underwent radioiodine scan for thyroid cancer, we have selected a few cases of 131I concentrating benign and malignant lesions for illustration. Results: Out of 13000 DTC patients who underwent whole body 131I scintigraphy in our department from Jan 2007 till Mar 2018, 25 patients revealed benign sites of 131I uptake. 61 % patients had residual thyroid tissue with or without associated nodal involvement. Remaining patients had distant metastases. Rare sites of functioning thyroid metastases and benign sites of I 131 uptake have been selected for illustration. Conclusion: Apart from the WBI (two-dimensional, planar) images, single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) has been incremental in localizing benign lesions which greatly depends on their location. This pictorial review highlights the need to create an awareness to detect metastatic deposits of DTC at unexpected sites. Otherwise patients will need further investigation to rule out unsuspected sites of functioning distant metastases.
The aim of this review was to examine the studies on high-intensity interval training (HIIT) applied in tennis and badminton. Considering the duration of the tennis and badminton match, these sports ...are seen as an aerobic sports. However, the short and high intensity rallies in the tennis match also show that it is an anaerobic sport, at the same. There are very high intensity and intermittent rallies lasting 8-10 seconds in prolonged competitions. In other words, both sports require both aerobic and anaerobic endurance during the competition. This endurance is very important not only for the match, but also for the training session as endurance is required for training to be carried out efficiently. Therefore, coaches want to develop aerobic endurance first during the general preparation period at the beginning of the season. In the classical endurance training method, the training session is planned at least 45-50 minutes and 3 times per week. During this period, technical and tactical training are secondary, so there is no time problem to improve endurance. However, as the season progresses, it will be difficult to find the necessary time to maintain aerobic and anaerobic endurance when technical-tactical training becoms important in the special preparation and competition period. Studies show that, HIIT eliminates this time problem, and although it is a very short training method, it is effective in improving aerobic and anaerobic endurance.
Pemahaman terhadap kode etik dalam tenis lapangan merupakan hal penting bagi pemain yunior. Selain terampil dalam bermain, pemain tenis yunior diharapkan dapat menunjukkan perilaku yang menjunjung ...tinggi nilai etis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pemahaman pemain tenis yunior DIY terhadap kode etik tenis lapangan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membagikan angket (kuesioner) Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil dengan sistem Simple Random Sampling dengan jumlah sampel sejumlah 30 pemain yunior di DIY. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa frekuensi pemahaman kode etik paling banyak ada 11 atlet (36,7%) terdapat pada interval 33–34, sedangkan paling sedikit ada 1 siswa (3,3 %) terdapat pada interval 37-38. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, jumlah skor total variabel pemahaman kode etik adalah 997 dan skor kriterium Variabel pemahaman kode etik adalah 1170. Kemudian nilai variabel pemahaman kode etik dinalisis menggunakan rumus presentase untuk menentukan kategorinya, sehingga telah didapatkan kategori sangat tinggi. Adapun pada item pertanyaan pemahaman kode etik sebagian besar berada pada kategori sangat tinggi. Nilai item pertanyaan pemahaman kode etik yang termasuk kategori tertinggi dengan skor 1,00 atau 100 %. Nilai item pertanyaan pada variabel pemahaman kode etik yang terendah pada item pertanyaan nomor 18 dengan butir/indkator. Hal ini memberikan gambaran bahwa siswa atau pemain tenis lapangan harus memiliki pemahaman kode etik yang sangat baik ketika latihan ataupun bertanding.
The primary clinical application of
18
F FDG PET/CT (
18
Fluorine labeled flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography) in differentiated thyroid carcinoma is in the ...identification of active disease in thyroglobulin (Tg) positive (>10 ng/ml), whole body iodine scan negative patients. The impact of FDG PET/CT in diagnosis, surveillance, cure, and progression-free survival of differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients remains to be seen. Five main indications of FDG PET/CT in thyroid cancer have been recommended by revised American thyroid association guidelines 2009. This review aims to provide a complete picture of PET imaging in thyroid malignancies and enumerates each indication with literature review. This review also highlights recent advances in targeted molecular imaging. Currently differentiated thyroid cancer is best imaged using conventional single photon emission computed tomography-based radioiodine tracers (
123
I/
131
I). Although the utility of FDG PET in well differentiated thyroid cancer patients who are iodine negative but with raised Tg is well established, evidence is emerging on the advantages of FDG PET/CT in other histological types of thyroid malignancy, such as Hurthle cell, medullary, and the anaplastic malignancies. Novel PET radiotracers, such as
124
Iodine (
124
I),
18
F-DOPA (3,4-dihydroxy-
l
-phenylalanine), and
68
Ga-DOTA peptides are revolutionizing the way thyroid malignancies are imaged. Newer concepts on targeted molecular imaging and theranostics are ushering in new possibilities for imaging and treating thyroid cancer.
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