Despite the participatory and democratic promises of Web 2.0, many marginalized individuals with fluid or non-normative identities continue to struggle to represent themselves online. Facebook users, ...in particular, are told to use “authentic identities,” an idea reinforced throughout the site’s documentation, “real name” and other policies, and in public statements by company representatives. Facebook’s conception of authenticity and real names, however, has created problems for certain users, as demonstrated by the systematic deactivation of many accounts belonging to transgender and gender variant users, drag queens, Native Americans, abuse survivors, and others. In view of the struggles of marginalized users, Facebook policy appears paradoxical: the site simultaneously demands authenticity yet proscribes certain people from authentic self-presentation. In this work, we examine Facebook’s construction of “authenticity” and show how it excludes multifaceted, fluid, or non-normative identities. Using content analysis and close reading, we analyze site documentation and data from The Zuckerberg Files (an online archive of Facebook founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg’s public remarks) to understand the platform’s mechanisms for enforcing authenticity. We find that Facebook positions itself as a type of administrative identity registrar, raising vital questions regarding the ethics and consequences of identity enforcement online today.
To investigate content of orthodontic-related videos on YouTube to improve the understanding of orthodontic patients' perceptions and treatment experiences.
A systematic search was conducted on ...YouTube on March 20, 2018, and updated on August 4, 2019, to identify all relevant videos using search terms "orthodontic," "orthodontics," "braces," and "orthodontic braces." The data set was captured from YouTube Data API (Application Programming Interface) and stored in an Excel database using a query function written in Python. All videos captured were viewed and categorized by three independent dental investigators using thematic analysis. The top 100 videos (by view count) related to patients' treatment experience were further analyzed using discourse analysis.
A total of 600 orthodontic videos were screened, and 546 were included in the study. Six main themes were identified: (1) individual review of orthodontic treatment (45.8%, n = 250), (2) entertainment (19.8%, n = 108), (3) education (18.3%, n = 100), (4) advertisements (6.6%, n = 36), (5) time lapse of orthodontic treatment (5.3%, n = 29), and (6) do-it-yourself orthodontics (4.2%, n = 23). Of the top 100 videos related to patient's individual review of treatment, patients' main focuses were on pain (24%), problems with chewing and swallowing (12%), and adhesive removal (10%).
Orthodontic-related YouTube videos are diverse in nature. The most common video category was video providing an individual review of orthodontic treatment experience. Other popular video categories included entertainment, education, and advertisements. A range of do-it-yourself YouTube videos were also identified. YouTube may provide an opportunity for orthodontic professionals to disseminate health information.
La externalización de la política, a partir de contratar a personal especializado en el manejo de cuentas y en la construcción de una sociedad del espectáculo exacerbada, retomando la impronta de ...Debord (1995), comenzó a ser un asunto cotidiano normalizado, tal como lo plantea Lobo: "las redes sociales privilegian el sensacionalismo, la exacerbación y la dramatización, y esto genera una mayor polarización política y emocional de la sociedad. Coincidimos en este sentido con Bayona en cuanto a que ... es difícil cuantificar el número de votos que una campaña podría obtener gracias a las redes sociales; sin embargo, los beneficios de este medio trascienden lo social. Por ejemplo, su fácil acceso y sus costos menores en producción y publicidad, comparados con los medios tradicionales, podrían crear oportunidades para que los partidos políticos pequeños y los candidatos independientes compitan en condiciones de mayor igualdad contra los altos presupuestos que gozan los partidos políticos mayores (2016). En el caso de Jalisco, como se podrá apreciar a lo largo de la exposición, en los municipios con mayor marginalidad la votación proporcional es considerablemente mayor a la tasa de participación registrada en los municipios más favorecidos económicamente.
This essay debunks the myths of the Web 2.0 brand and argues that the popularized phrase limits public media discourse and the imagination of a future World Wide Web.
El presente artículo analiza el valor que los profesionales de un medio público de referencia, Radio Nacional de España (RNE), atribuyen a la participación ciudadana en el marco del servicio público ...y la convergencia tecnológica. La metodología se apoya en entrevistas a una muestra intencional de 16 periodistas y cargos directivos, con preguntas que indagan en esta dimensión y en las potencialidades participativas de las redes sociales. Los resultados evidencian una concepción algo dispersa de las nociones de participación y servicio público, que es reflejo de la propia indefinición del marco regulatorio. Asimismo, la percepción oscila entre su adscripción a valores democráticos y una perspectiva más minimalista de la participación y centrada en criterios profesionales o en su utilidad para la programación radiofónica. Aunque las redes sociales han diversificado los canales para interactuar con las audiencias, su uso parece replicar el modelo radiofónico privado y se traduce en cambios más formales que no afectan ni a la renovación de los contenidos ni a los repertorios tradicionales de la participación.
The emergence of big data brings a new wave of Customer Relationship Management (CRM)’s strategies in supporting personalization and customization of sales, services and customer services. CRM needs ...big data for better customers experiences especially personalization and customization of services. Big data is a popular term used to describe data that is volume, velocity, variety, veracity, and value of data both structured and unstructured. Big data requires new tools and techniques to capture, store and analyse it and is used to improve decision making for enhancing customer management. The aim of the research is to examine big data for CRM’s scenario. The method of collection of data for this study was literature review and thematic analysis from recent studies. The study reveals that CRM with big data has enabled business to become more aggressive in term of marketing strategy like push notification through smartphone to their potential target audiences.
One of the goals of foreign language (FL) education is to produce intercultural speakers. Telecollaboration can act as a catalyst for promoting language skills development, intercultural ...communicative competence (ICC), and multiple literacies. The significance of multimodal communicative competence (MCC) on the success or failure of a telecollaborative project and its interdependence with intercultural communicative competence (ICC) have already been established. The very few systematic reviews on ICC and second language (L2) or FL learningdo not take into account the different modalities through which learners interact and co-construct meaning and intercultural competence. Drawing on ecological linguistics (EL) and semiotics, the present review contributes to the field of applied linguistics by reviewing online intercultural exchanges (OIEs) and ICC development in relation to the modality used for each exchange that is reviewed. Features of the context of each study that was conducted in either a K-12 or a university setting were coded according to a coding scheme and analysed quantitatively using descriptive statistics. The findings of studies conducted in university contexts, were reviewed in-depth inductively in relation to the impact of Web 2.0 tools - and especially multimodality - on learners' development of ICC. The exclusive focus on university contexts in the in-depth review stems from the frequency at which universities serve as contexts for OIEs, comprising in this case more than two-thirds of the reviewed studies. Analysis of the data suggests that multimodality in Web 2.0 tools and applications affects ICC development in multiple ways but more research on ICC and L2 and FL learners in multimodal environments needs to be conducted.
University students will be our future business leaders, and will have to address social problems caused by business by implementing solutions such as social entrepreneurship ventures. In order to ...facilitate the learning process that will foster social entrepreneurship, however, a more holistic pedagogy is needed. Based on learning theory, we propose that students' social entrepreneurship actions will depend on their learning about CSR and their absorptive capacity. We propose that instructors and higher education institutions can enhance this absorptive capacity by exploiting Web 2.0 technologies. We tested our proposition with a sample of 425 university students using structural equation modeling and found support for the proposed relationships.
With over 500 million users, the decisions that Facebook makes about its privacy settings have the potential to influence many people. While its changes in this domain have often prompted privacy ...advocates and news media to critique the company, Facebook has continued to attract more users to its service. This raises a question about whether or not Facebook's changes in privacy approaches matter and, if so, to whom. This paper examines the attitudes and practices of a cohort of 18- and 19-year-olds surveyed in 2009 and again in 2010 about Facebook's privacy settings. Our results challenge widespread assumptions that youth do not care about and are not engaged with navigating privacy. We find that, while not universal, modifications to privacy settings have increased during a year in which Facebook's approach to privacy was hotly contested. We also find that both frequency and type of Facebook use as well as Internet skill are correlated with making modifications to privacy settings. In contrast, we observe few gender differences in how young adults approach their Facebook privacy settings, which is notable given that gender differences exist in so many other domains online. We discuss the possible reasons for our findings and their implications.
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