Teoretična izhodišča. Socialna oskrba na domu je pomembna storitev za starejše z zdravstvenimi težavami, prebivajoče v domačem okolju. Ob zagotavljanju boljše kakovosti življenja ta storitev pomembno ...razbremenjuje institucionalne storitve zdravstvenega in socialnovarstvenega sistema.
The contribution's aim is highlighting the differences in understanding non-governmental organizations' (NGOs) role in the mental health area within the public support network for patients with ...mental health problems from various viewpoints, in order to achieve progress in supporting patients with mental health problems in local communities.
Qualitative data gathered as a part of a cross-sectional study of NGOs in the support network for patients with mental health problems in two Slovenian health regions (56 local communities), carried out in 2013 and 2014, were used. Qualitative analysis of interviews, focus groups and answers to an open survey question was performed.
There are differences in understanding NGOs' role in the support network for patients with mental health problems, which stem from the roles of stakeholders (local community officials, experts, care providers, and patients) within this system and their experience.
The actual differences need to be addressed and overcome in order to provide integrated community care. The importance of knowing the current state of NGOs in their life cycle and the socio-chronological context of the local community support network is evident.
This multilingual booklet presents a section of a comprehensive information platform on living and working in eight countries of the Danube region called DANUBE COMPASS. It provides an overview of ...basic information for easier orientation within the Slovenian healthcare system. Zdravje v Sloveniji is intended for users that are not familiar with the Slovenian healthcare system and are facing language barriers as well as for healthcare professionals who want to improve access to information and services for non-Slovenian speakers.
This multilingual booklet presents a section of a comprehensive information platform on living and working in eight countries of the Danube region called DANUBE COMPASS. It provides an overview of ...basic information for easier orientation within the Slovenian healthcare system. Zdravje v Sloveniji is intended for users that are not familiar with the Slovenian healthcare system and are facing language barriers as well as for healthcare professionals who want to improve access to information and services for non-Slovenian speakers.Ova višejezična brošura predstavlja dio sveobuhvatne informacione platform o životu i radu u osam zemalja Dunavskog regiona pod nazivom KOMPAS PODUNAVLJA (DANUBE COMPASS). Brošura daje pregled osnovnih informacija radi lakšeg snalaženja u sistemu zdravstvene zaštite Slovenije. Namijenjena je korisnicima koji nisu upoznati sa sistemom zdravstvene zaštite u Sloveniji i suočavaju se sa jezičkim preprekama, ali i zdravstvenim radnicima koji žele da poboljšaju pristup informacijama i uslugama za osobe koje ne govore slovenački jezik.
Aim. The objective of the study was to examine self-esteem, anxiety level and coping strategies among secondary school students in relation to their involvement in organized sports.
Methods. The ...sample included 280 Slovenian male and female secondary school students aged between 15 and 19 years. The participants completed The Adolescent Coping Scale, the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the PSDQ Selfesteem Scale.
Results. Participants engaged in organized sports exhibited higher self-esteem scores and lower anxiety scores in comparison to non-sport participants. Differences between the two groups have also been identified with respect to the use of certain coping strategies. Sport participants reported more productive coping than non-sport participants, which represents an active and problem-focused approach to dealing with everyday problems. Gender differences in the referred variables have also been studied, with female athletes exhibiting higher levels of anxiety than male athletes. Female participants were also found to use more non-productive coping than males, focused mainly on reducing emotional effects of stress.
Conclusions. Organized youth sports have an important role in improving and maintaining a favorable sense of self-worth, reducing anxiety, and promoting productive coping strategies in adolescents when dealing with everyday problems.
Cilj. Namen raziskave je bil preučiti raven samospoštovanja in anksioznosti ter uporabo različnih strategij spoprijemanja s stresom pri srednješolskih mladostnikih v povezavi z vključenostjo v redno in organizirano športno vadbo.
Metode. Vzorec je obsegal 280 slovenskih srednješolcev in srednješolk od 15. do 19. leta. Udeleženci so izpolnili vprašalnik spoprijemanja s težavami za mladostnike, lestvico anksioznosti in lestvico samospoštovanja.
Rezultati. Pri mladostnikih, ki se organizirano ukvarjajo s športom, smo ugotovili višje vrednosti na lestvici samospoštovanja in nižjo stopnjo anksioznosti v primerjavi z njihovimi športno neaktivnimi vrstniki. Razlike med skupinama so se pokazale tudi v uporabi nekaterih spoprijemalnih strategij: športno aktivni mladostniki so se v splošnem posluževali več na problem usmerjenih strategij spoprijemanja v primerjavi z nešportniki, kar kaže na bolj aktiven in konstruktiven pristop k reševanju vsakodnevnih težav. Razlike po spolu so pokazale, da športnice izražajo več anksioznega doživljanja kot športniki. Na področju soočanja s stresom smo ugotovili razlike v nekaterih spoprijemalnih strategijah tako v skupini športnikov kot v skupini nešportnikov: dekleta so v primerjavi s fanti izražala več nekonstruktivnega spoprijemanja, usmerjenega predvsem v blaženje učinkov čustvene napetosti v stresnih situacijah.
Zaključek. Predpostavimo lahko, da ima organizirana športna aktivnost pomembno vlogo pri razvijanju in ohranjanju ugodnega občutka lastne vrednosti, zmanjševanju negativnih učinkov stresa ter spodbujanju uporabe aktivnih in konstruktivnih strategij spoprijemanja s težavami v mladostništvu.
Izhodišča: Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti povezanost med športno dejavnostjo (ŠD) in doživljanjem stresa ter vrednotenjem zadovoljstva z življenjem odraslih Slovencev.
Podatki so bili pridobljeni s ...pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika na reprezentativnem vzorcu 856 odraslih Slovencev in Slovenk (povprečne starosti 39 ± 13,7 leta). ŠD je bila opredeljena s številom dni ukvarjanja s katero koli športno dejavnostjo tedensko. Stres je bil opredeljen s pogostostjo doživljanja devetih znakov stresa na štiristopenjski lestvici. Pri oceni zadovoljstva z življenjem so udeleženci raziskave izrazili strinjanje oziroma nestrinjanje s petimi postavkami na petstopenjski lestvici. Vrednosti prve glavne komponente stresa in lestvice zadovoljstva z življenjem je bila določena z Anderson-Rubinovo metodo. Povezanost spremenljivk je bila ocenjena s Spearmanovim koeficientom korelacije in s splošnimi linearnimi modeli.
ŠD je bila statistično značilno povezana s stresom (p = ,03) in z zadovoljstvom z življenjem (p < ,01). V linearnih modelih imajo izbrani dejavniki (ŠD, starost, spol in izobrazba) skupaj statistično značilen vpliv (pri stresu: R
= ,040; p < ,001; pri zadovoljstvu: R
= ,068; p < ,001); ŠD ima statistično značilen vpliv le na oceno zadovoljstva z življenjem (η
.= ,020; p = ,002). Na stres statistično značilno vplivajo vsi preostali dejavniki, na zadovoljstvo z življenjem pa le izobrazba.
Na podlagi dobljenih rezultatov lahko sklepamo, da so športno dejavnejši odrasli Slovenci manj pod stresom in bolj zadovoljni s svojim življenjem, vendar je ta vpliv ob upoštevanju vpliva starosti, spola in izobrazbe razmeroma majhen.
Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation of sports activity (SA) with stress experience and evaluation of satisfaction with life among adult Slovenians.
Data was collected with a survey on a representative sample of 856 adult Slovenians (average age 39±13.73 years). We determined sports activity with incidence of any sports activity - times per week. To determine mental health, the respondents marked how often the 9 signs of stress appeared within a last month and how satisfied they were with their life. Scores on the first component of stress and satisfaction with life scale were computed using Anderson-Rubin method. The correlations between variables were evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient and general linear models.
SA is statistically significantly correlated with stress (p= .03) and satisfaction with life (p= .00). In the models for prediction of stress and satisfaction with life, the set of predictors (SA, age, gender and education) has a significant effect (R
= .040, p< .001; R
= .068, p< .001), with SA having a statistically significant effect only on value of life satisfaction (η
= .020, p= .002). A set of all mentioned predictors has significant effect on stress, while only education beside SA has a statistically significant effect on satisfaction with life.
It could be concluded that individuals that are more active in sports experience the signs of stress less often and that they are more satisfied with their lives, but taking age, gender and education into consideration, SA is not the main predictor.
The papers contained in this booklet were presented at the transnational conference “Employment/Working Conditions, Occupational Safety and Health of Posted Workers” in Ljubljana, Slovenia (15 ...February 2017). The conference brought together experts (researchers and practitioners) from several European countries to discuss the existing and new challenges related to OSH (occupational safety and health), labour, and working conditions of posted workers. The conference served as the launch event of the POOSH project, financed by the European Comission (Programme EaSI PROGRESS) and led by Dr. Kristina Toplak from the Slovenian Migration Institute at ZRC SAZU. The booklet is covering the topic of the OSH of posted workers from several angles. The first part is framed around contributions given by researchers working in the field of labor mobility, with the focus on the occupational safety and health of posted workers. The second part contains contributions from practitioners working in NGOs, trade unions or Ministries of Labour who presented their work as well as discussed national and transnational legislations related to the OSH of posted workers.
Objectives. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures a patient’s subjective experience of his or her health status. We aimed to show how the presence of chronic diseases and satisfaction with ...family physicians (FPs) were associated with the HRQoL of a Roma population.
Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in May 2011 on a representative sample of 650 Roma living in Prekmurje, Slovenia. The EQ-5D questionnaire was used for measuring the HRQoL of the Roma. Demographical data, 12 groups of diseases diagnosed in the last 12 months and satisfaction with FPs were included in the questionnaire.
Results. The response rate was 88.3% (574), of which 56.4% were female, and the average age of the participants had a mean value of 40.2±12.7 years. The presence of cardiovascular problems with risk factors for them or presence of musculoskeletal disorders were strongly associated with the presence of pain (Cramer’s V = 0.40 and 0.46 respectively).There was a strong association between the presence of mental disorders and anxiety and depression (Cramer´s V = 0.58). The average satisfaction with the family physician was 3.9 (mean±1.10) on a five-point Likert scale. There was no significant association between HRQoL and satisfaction with the family physician.
Conclusions. Roma with chronic mental health problems had the lowest HRQoL in the Roma population. More attention should be paid to this subgroup of Roma in family medicine, and interventions should be provided. High satisfaction with their FPs is not associated with the observed quality of life variables
Uvod. Z zdravjem povezana kakovost življenja (HRQoL) je odraz pacientove subjektivne ocene lastnega zdravstvenega stanja. V naši raziskavi smo skušali ugotoviti, kakšen je vpliv nekaterih kroničnih bolezni in zadovoljstva z izbranim zdravnikom na HRQoL med romskim prebivalstvom.
Metode. Maja 2011 smo izvedli presečno raziskavo v reprezentativnem vzorcu 650 pomurskih Romov. HRQoL smo merili z vprašalnikom EQ-5D; vključili smo še demografske podatke, zadovoljstvo z izbranim družinskim zdravnikom in 12 bolezenskih stanj, ki so bila diagnosticirana v zadnjih 12 mesecih.
Rezultati. Odzivnost je bila 88,3-odstotna (574), 56,4 % je bilo žensk in povprečna starost sodelujočih je bila 40,2 +/- 12,7 leta. Nizek HRQoL v skupini s srčno-žilnimi boleznimi z dejavniki tveganja zanje in kostnomišičnimi boleznimi je bil močno povezan s prisotnostjo bolečine (Cramer z V = 0,40 in 0,46). V skupini z duševnimi težavami pa je bila močna povezava nizkega HRQoL s prisotnimi znaki anksioznosti in depresije (Cramer z V = 0,58). Povprečno zadovoljstvo z zdravnikom družinske medicine je bilo 3,9 (mediana +/- 1,10) na pettočkovni Likertovi lestvici. Ni bilo statistične povezave med HRQoL in zadovoljstvom z zdravnikom družinske medicine.
Zaključki. Romi s prisotnostjo duševnih težav imajo najnižji HRQoL v romskem prebivalstvu. Več pozornosti bi v družinski medicini morali posvetiti tej podskupini Romov. Zadovoljstvo z zdravnikom družinske medicine ni povezano z opazovanimi spremenljivkami kakovosti življenja
Theory. Social homecare is important for older people, as it enables them to remain in their own homes during worsening health, thus relieving the burden on institutional facilities such as homes for ...the elderly or nursing homes and hospitals.
Method. A representative survey of social homecare users was employed to assess determinants of the scope of social homecare in Slovenia. Multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate determinants defined by Andersen’s behavioral model that affect the scope of social homecare.
Results. As expected, need (Functional impairment B = .378, P = 0.000) was the most important explanatory component, followed by availability of informal care network (Lives alone B = -.136, P = 0.000; Has children B = - .142; P = 0.000) and other contextual factors such as total costs of the services (B = -.075; P = 0.003) and temporal availability of services (B=-.075, P=0.012). The model explained 18% of variability in the scope of social homecare.
Conclusion. This study showed that data on the individual level, as opposed to data on an aggregated level, show different determinants of social homecare utilization. Moreover, the results showed that social homecare is especially important in two circumstances: when older people have a high level of need and when they do not have access to informal care networks. Contextual factors had a moderate effect on the scope of social homecare, which shows universal access to the latter at the individual level.
Teoretična izhodišča. Socialna oskrba na domu je pomembna storitev za starejše z zdravstvenimi težavami, prebivajoče v domačem okolju. Ob zagotavljanju boljše kakovosti življenja ta storitev pomembno razbremenjuje institucionalne storitve zdravstvenega in socialnovarstvenega sistema.
Metoda. Na podatkih reprezentativne raziskave uporabnikov socialne oskrbe na domu smo raziskali vpliv teh dejavnikov na obseg socialne oskrbe na domu. Z multiplo regresijsko analizo smo ugotovili vpliv dispozicijskih in kontekstualnih dejavnikov ter potreb na število aktivnosti, pri katerih uporabnikom pomagajo socialne oskrbovalke.
Rezultati. Kot predpostavlja teoretski model, potrebe (B = ,378, P = 0,000) pojasnijo največji del variabilnosti obsega socialne oskrbe na domu. Po pojasnjevalni moči sledijo razpoložljivost neformalnih oskrbovalcev(živi sam B = -0,136, P = 0,000; ima otroke B = -0,142; P = 0,000) ter drugi kontekstualni dejavniki, kot so skupni stroški ure oskrbe(B = -0,075; P = 0,003) in časovna razpoložljivost socialne oskrbe na domu(B= -0,075, P=0,012). Končni model pojasni 18% obsega socialne oskrbe na domu.
Razprava. Dokazali smo, da na individualni ravni na uporabo socialne oskrbe na domu vplivajo drugi dejavniki kot na agregirani ravni. Socialna oskrba na domu je najpomembnejša ob veliki potrebi po oskrbi in odsotnosti neformalnih oskrbovalcev. Zmeren vpliv kontekstualnih dejavnikov nakazuje sorazmerno enakomeren dostop do socialne oskrbe na domu.
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