EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF CENTRAL AIRPORTS IN BRAZIL Pereira, Deivison da Silveira; Brandao, Luana Carneiro; Mello, Joao Carlos Correia Baptista Soares de
Investigación operacional,
09/2019, Letnik:
40, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In this paper, we asses the efficiency of Brazilian airports, based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Although previous studies applied DEA to Brazilian airports, herein we consider DEA's ...homogeneity assumption, according to which units are assumed to operate in similar environments. As airport environment differs significantly throughout the country, we limit our analysis to six central airports. Still, our results are valuable nationwide, because these airports handle half of all flights departing from Brazil. As classic DEA is not recommended for small data sets, we use Multiple Criteria DEA, which has more discriminatory power. In our study, we found that only two airports in the State of Sao Paulo are efficient, whereas the other central airports are under-utilized, with an efficiency score of less than 50%. Results found in this study could serve as an important tool for public politics, as well as for private decisions in the airport sector. KEYWORDS. Airport efficiency; central airports; Brazilian air transport; Multiple Criteria Data Envelopment Analysis. MSC: 90B06 En este documento, evaluamos la eficiencia de los aeropuertos brasilenos, segun el Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Aunque estudios previos aplicaron DEA a aeropuertos brasilenos, aqui consideramos el supuesto de homogeneidad de DEA, segun el cual se supone que las unidades operan en entornos similares. Como el sitio aeroportuario difiere significativamente en todo el pais, limitamos nuestro análisis a seis aeropuertos centrales. Aun asi, nuestros resultados son valiosos en todo el pais, porque estos aeropuertos manejan la mitad de todos los vuelos que salen de Brasil. Como la DEA clásica no se recomienda para conjuntos de datos pequenos, utilizamos la DEA de Multiple Criteria DEA (MCDEA), que tiene más poder discriminatorio. En nuestro estudio, encontramos que solo dos aeropuertos en el estado de Sao Paulo son eficientes, mientras que los otros aeropuertos centrales están infrautilizados, con una puntuación de eficiencia inferior al 50%. Los resultados encontrados en este estudio podrian servir como una herramienta importante para las politicas publicas, asi como para las decisiones privadas en el sector aeroportuario. PALABRAS CLAVE: eficiencia aeroportuaria, aeropuertos centrales, análisis envolvente de datos multicriterial.
This thesis investigates how and why luxury brand stores articulate, establish, and perpetuate luxury brand identity in the airport. Through the construction of luxury narratives, spaces, display, ...and services, the luxury sensory environments must be able to attract and engage airport passengers. This thesis discusses how the airport is considered transitory and unique, which means that the identity of luxury brands must remain stable and familiar, in an environment which has opportunities to diffuse luxury. Furthermore, the airport in contemporary consciousness is driven by notions of luxury, leisure, pleasure, and the exotic. They are places of possibility and desire, which drives the need for luxury experiences. This is the first study of its kind to explore how luxury branded spaces in the airport are constructed, and how through methods of the expression of luxury display, they renegotiate what luxury means to consumers. Previous research has failed to consider how the perception of luxury is influenced in unique transitory environments, such as the airport. International airports are now considered luxury shopping destinations in themselves. Since the first duty-free store was established in 1947 at Shannon airport in Ireland, retail in the airport has grown to seventy six billion dollars, and will reach one hundred and twelve billion dollars by 2025 (Adroit Research, 2019). Airport retail proves to be the most resilient global market, and globe travellers are four times more likely to spend on luxury purchases in the airport than in non-airport stores (Blue, 2019)1. Therefore, luxury brands have realised that they can provide a unique offering, experience, and sensory engagement within the airport environment, which act as a microcosm for the retail world. This thesis offers a set of recommendations for luxury brand practitioners, airport managers and academics in the realm of luxury, and suggests that for an airport luxury brand store to be deemed luxury and important, there are special measures which must be in place. These are window display, store interior design, and sensory experience, which help construct, articulate, and reposition luxury in the airport. This is important, because the airport is a distinct, non-place, transitory environment, which, due to historical associations with glamour, carries with it expectations of luxury experiences. Therefore, to raise levels of luxuriousness, spatial constructs must be in place. The results suggest that luxury in the airport must appear exclusive, at the same time inclusive, through the democratisation of the luxury experience. I reveal that the appearance of luxury brands in the airport has repositioned luxury as an accessible and democratic space to experience luxurious things.
International and national travelling has made the rapid spread of infectious diseases possible. Little information is available on the role of major traffic hubs, such as airports, in the ...transmission of respiratory infections, including seasonal influenza and a pandemic threat. We investigated the presence of respiratory viruses in the passenger environment of a major airport in order to identify risk points and guide measures to minimize transmission.
Surface and air samples were collected weekly at three different time points during the peak period of seasonal influenza in 2015-16 in Finland. Swabs from surface samples, and air samples were tested by real-time PCR for influenza A and B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, rhinovirus and coronaviruses (229E, HKU1, NL63 and OC43).
Nucleic acid of at least one respiratory virus was detected in 9 out of 90 (10%) surface samples, including: a plastic toy dog in the children's playground (2/3 swabs, 67%); hand-carried luggage trays at the security check area (4/8, 50%); the buttons of the payment terminal at the pharmacy (1/2, 50%); the handrails of stairs (1/7, 14%); and the passenger side desk and divider glass at a passport control point (1/3, 33%). Among the 10 respiratory virus findings at various sites, the viruses identified were: rhinovirus (4/10, 40%, from surfaces); coronavirus (3/10, 30%, from surfaces); adenovirus (2/10, 20%, 1 air sample, 1 surface sample); influenza A (1/10, 10%, surface sample).
Detection of pathogen viral nucleic acids indicates respiratory viral surface contamination at multiple sites associated with high touch rates, and suggests a potential risk in the identified airport sites. Of the surfaces tested, plastic security screening trays appeared to pose the highest potential risk, and handling these is almost inevitable for all embarking passengers.
Airport terminals are key infrastructures with rapid development, which have a high level of energy consumption, especially for space heating in cold climate zones. In this study, large-scale field ...investigations from 2012 to 2019 into the space heating performance were conducted in eighteen Chinese airports terminals. It is indicated that severe air infiltration (air change rate: 0.06–0.56 h−1) is almost the most significant factor influencing space heating (18%–71% of total heat loss). A simplified model of airport terminals is then established and validated to evaluate the energy saving potential of reducing air infiltration. The airtightness of airport terminals can be quantified by the field investigated parameters, i.e., the discharge coefficients of the roof (cr: 1 × 10−5–1 × 10−3) and the gates (c: 0.25–0.55). Improving the airtightness and using the radiant floor in airport terminals can achieve an average reduction of annual heating demand by 84%. Thus, reducing air infiltration provides a feasible approach towards the goal of “zero energy for space heating” in airport terminals. This study sheds light on the current situation of high energy consumption for space heating in airport terminals and provides guidelines for both design and operation.
•Field investigations into space heating were conducted in Chinese airport terminals.•Air infiltration is almost the largest component of heat loss in airport terminals.•A model is built to evaluate energy saving potential of reducing air infiltration.•Reducing air infiltration is a feasible approach to “zero energy for space heating”.
The goal of the present work is to screen and evaluate all available data before selecting and testing remediation technologies on heterogeneous soils polluted by jet fuel. The migration pathways of ...non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in the subsurface relate closely with soil properties. A case study is performed on the vadoze zone of a military airport of north-west Poland contaminated by jet fuel. Soil samples are collected from various depths of two cells, and on-site and off-site chemical analyses of hydrocarbons are conducted by using Pollut Eval(R) apparatus and GC-MS, respectively. The geological conceptual model of the site along with microscopic and hydraulic properties of the porous matrix and fractures enable us to interpret the non-uniform spatial distribution of jet fuel constituents. The total concentration of the jet fuel and its main hydrocarbon families (n-paraffins, major aromatics) over the two cells is governed by the slow preferential flow of NAPL through the porous matrix, the rapid NAPL convective flow through vertical desiccation and sub-horizontal glaciotectonic fractures, and n-paraffin biodegradation in upper layers where the rates of oxygen transfer is not limited by complexities of the pore structure. The information collected is valuable for the selection, implementation and evaluation of two in situ remediation methods.
This paper proposes a modeling Flow airport landing in Aracaju Santa Maria. The Aracaju airport needs to expand to meet the demand of passengers, due to the fact that the city is growing and the ...airport does not match this growth, with its airport complex as a limiting factor. Were collected from INFRAERO and administration of Aracaju airport data for the years 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011. The methodology of intervention models (BOX AND TIAO, 1972). The software used for the analysis of the results was the STATISTICA 11. We tested several models with intervention variable landing and it was observed that the best model that fits the series was ARIMA (0,1,1) with its MAPE of 5.71%, which demonstrates a good fit and predictive power model. We also noticed the nonstationarity of the series, in addition to autocorrelations. The observation intervened for landing was 28 (March / 2009).
As the airport retail industry continues to grow due to increasing travel demands, airport operators are increasingly developing their retail revenue potential to ensure financial viability. This ...study aims to provide a review of airport retail literature and identify the salient factors associated with passenger shopping behaviour. The paper presents a review of contemporary airport retail literature, covering a total of 50 studies from 1998 to 2018. The review identified 26 factors, which could broadly be grouped into five categories: airport/operator related; passengers' demographic related; passengers' travel related; passengers' psychological related and passengers' resources related. In addition to providing a summary of the statistically significant factors across studies, the review identifies and discusses potential approaches for future research. These include the importance of considering both "to spend or not" decision and how much to spend and how most empirical studies focussed on the former; the gap in empirical analysis on the impact of airport terminal design layout on retail performance; and the gap in application of general consumer shopping behavioural models to airport retail problems. The paper concludes with the suggestion that we can build on the existing studies to develop a hybrid approach to solve several of the identified gaps simultaneously.
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