Based on the best-track dataset from the Shanghai Typhoon Institute/China Meteorological Administration, the paper provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of tropical cyclone (TC) activities in ...the Western North Pacific (WNP) and the South China Sea (SCS) for 2022. Using the historical climatology from 1951 to 2020, the anomalous conditions during 2022 in TC frequency, origin locations, tracks, intensity, and duration for the entire ocean basin as well as landfall events in China are examined. Results show that the overall TC frequency is slightly lower than normal, but the multiple TC events have a very high frequency of occurrence. Origin locations of TCs, which mark the starting points of their paths, show a large westward and northward deviation from climatology. Around 40% of the named TCs exhibit a shift in their direction of movement from westerly to easterly. Additionally, comparisons of the means, medians, upper and lower quartiles all indicate that the intensity of TCs in 2022 is generally lower than the climatology, with the duration of TCs at tropical storm intensity or above being shorter than usual. A notable observation is the fewer incidence of TC landfalls in China, but with a geographical concentration in Guangdong Province. These anomalous annual TC activities are influenced by related atmospheric and oceanic environmental conditions modulated by multi-scale climate variability. The findings provide useful information for enhancing disaster mitigation strategies in the Asia-Pacific region.
Aim
The National Clinical Database (NCD) of Japan is a nationwide data entry system for surgery, and it marked its 10th anniversary in 2020. The aim was to present the 2020 annual report of ...gastroenterological surgery of the NCD.
Methods
The data of the surgical procedures stipulated by the training curriculum for board‐certified surgeons of the Japanese Society of Gastroenterological Surgery in the NCD from 2011 to 2020 were summarized.
Results
In total, 5 622 845 cases, including 593 088 cases in 2020, were extracted from the NCD. The total number of gastroenterological surgeries increased gradually in these 10 years, except for the year 2020 due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. The annual number of surgeries of each organ, except the pancreas and liver, decreased by 0.4%–13.1% in 2020 compared to 2019. The surgical patients were consistently aging, with more than 20% of all gastroenterological surgeries in 2020 involving patients aged 80 years or older. The participation of board‐certified surgeons increased for each organ (75.9%–95.7% in 2020). The rates of endoscopic surgery also increased constantly. Although the incidences of postoperative complications of each organ increased by 0.7%–7.9% in these 10 years, postoperative mortality rates decreased by 0.2%–1.5%.
Conclusions
We present here the short‐term outcomes of each gastroenterological operative procedure in 2020. This review of the 10‐years of NCD data of gastroenterological surgery revealed a consistent increase of the number of surgeries (except for in 2020), especially endoscopic procedures, and aging of the Japanese population. The good safety of Japanese gastroenterological surgeries was also indicated.
This study presents the annual report on the National Clinical Database 2020 for gastroenterological surgery in Japan. This manuscript revealed a consistent increase of the number of surgeries, especially with endoscopic surgeries, and aging of the Japanese population. Moreover, it indicated the good safety of Japanese gastroenterological surgeries, most of which have been increasingly carried out by the board‐certified surgeons.
Although total hip arthroplasty (THA) has shown successful results, instability remains a major complication. In recent years, dual mobility cups (DMC) have gained interest among clinicians thanks to ...its low rate of dislocation and good clinical results. The main aim of this work was to describe the accuracy of data on DMC from national and regional joint registries (JRs) and the available worldwide literature. We identified topics on DMC among JRs to propose a new harmonized and standardized section for DMC with the aim to understand its surveillance over the time. We extracted survival and implant data for a separate analysis. After performing a critical exclusion process, nine JRs were considered eligible and included for final synthesis; these were the results from the available worldwide data from JRs. In our study, eight analyzed JRs reported a slight increase in DMC use in the last decade. In all the JRs evaluated and the available articles, dislocation remains one of the main reasons for revision and re‐revision in hip arthroplasties. DMC is considered to be a valid construct increasingly used worldwide in primary and revision THA with the primary aim of reducing dislocation rates. Annual reports from JRs collect heterogeneous and low‐quality information about outcomes and surveillance of DMC, creating a burden for clinicians to extract comparable data from different JRs. Longer follow‐up and a systematic registering of DMCs with international registry harmonization are needed to monitor DMC outcomes.
In recent years, dual mobility cups have gained interest among clinicians thanks to its low rate of dislocation and good clinical results. This work, considering the information obtained from national and regional joint registries has demonstrated excellent short and mid‐term results compared to standard implants in primary and revision of total hip arthroplasty.
Purpose: The study explored the use of positive tone sentiment and readability as impression management tactics in South African local government sphere particularly district municipalities using ...attribution theory. What gets included in the mayor’s foreword is at the discretion of municipal management and that makes it subject to impression management tactics. Methodology: The study followed the quantitative research method. Out of the 44 district municipalities, the mayor’s foreword of 34 district municipalities were analyzed using content analysis and were categorized into 17 performing and 17 non-performing district municipalities based on audit outcomes. Secondary data were used as data were extracted from the annual reports available on the websites of district municipalities. Findings: The study revealed that performing district municipalities used significantly more positive tone than non-performing district municipalities whereas there was no significant difference on the readability score of performing and non-performing district municipalities. Implications: The study brings new insights about the use of impression management tactics in the South African local government, specifically district municipalities. The study brings awareness to the local government stakeholders to be careful of impression management tactics in the annual report before making decisions. It further extends debate on impression management and self-attribution.
This paper studies the relation between the quality of corporate narrative disclosure and the timeliness of goodwill impairments. We combine five measures of the linguistic content of annual report ...narratives to generate a proxy for narrative disclosure quality. To measure the timeliness of impairments, we deploy a model that relates observed goodwill impairments to the main determinants of impairments identified by prior literature, focusing especially on current period negative stock returns. We hypothesise and find that the impairments of firms with low-quality narrative disclosures are less timely than the impairments of firms with high-quality disclosures. In addition, using a signalling argument, we hypothesise, and find that the market response to goodwill impairments is more negative for firms with low disclosure quality.
We investigate whether including the text-based communicative value of annual report increases the predictive power of four machine learning models (Logistic regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, and ...Support Vector Machine) for corporate bankruptcy prediction using U.S. firm observations from 1994 to 2018. We find that the overall prediction effectiveness of these four models (e.g. accuracy, F1-score, AUCs) significantly improves, especially true in the performance of XGBoost and Random Forest models. In addition, we find that annual report text-based communicative value variables significantly reduce models’ Type II error and keep the Type I error at a relatively small level, especially for the short-term bankruptcy forecast. The results reveal that annual report text-based communicative value effectively mitigates the model misidentification of a non-bankrupt firm as a bankrupt firm. Our results also suggest that annual report text-based communicative value is helpful for bank’s corporate loan underwriting decisions. Finally, our findings still hold when considering different testing periods and random state settings, replacing by another publicly available bankruptcy dataset, and introducing neural network models.
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