A surgical philosophy of orthognathic surgery is presented. It has evolved over an entire surgical career as orthognathic surgical goals have evolved to become primarily aesthetic. In this context, ...the occlusal result serves as a means of achieving the aesthetic ends. It relies on the physical examination, using qualitative concepts of facial appearance, to be the most important determinant of treatment plans. It makes a distinction between a quantitatively normal face and one that is visually well proportioned and emphasizes the attributes of the soft tissue. The emotional expression of the patient is also considered in treatment planning. By using surgical tactics that provide control of facial projection and height, this philosophy affords the surgeon an opportunity to manipulate the skeletal elements to the extent that one can simultaneously achieve a well-proportioned face and favorably influence the appearance of the soft tissues and facial countenance.
Throughout the United States, low-wage, minority workers are disproportionately affected by occupational illnesses and injuries. Chronic exposure to hazardous chemicals at work can lead to serious ...illnesses, contributing to health inequities. In this article, we expand on theories of 'responsibilization' in an occupational health context to reveal how responsibilities for workplace chemical exposures are negotiated by workers and owners in Latinx-owned small businesses.
We conducted semi-structured interviews with a total of 22 workers and owners in auto repair shops and beauty salons - two high-risk industries - in Southern Metropolitan Tucson. Participants were asked about their insights into workplace chemical exposures and health. A qualitative analysis team with representation from all study partner organizations collectively coded and reviewed the interview data in QSR International's NVivo 11 and identified overarching themes across the interviews.
We identified three primary themes: 1) ambivalence toward risks in the workplace; 2) shifting responsibilities for exposure protection at work; and 3) reflections on the system behind chemical exposure risks. Participants discussed the complexities that small businesses face in reducing chemical exposures.
Through our analysis of the interviews, we examine how neoliberal occupational and environmental policies funnel responsibility for controlling chemical exposures down to individuals in small businesses with limited resources, obscuring the power structures that maintain environmental health injustices. We conclude with a call for upstream policy changes that more effectively regulate and hold accountable the manufacturers of chemical products used daily by small business workers.
Współczesny Kościół dostrzega konieczność wzbogacenia przekazu wiary o drogę piękna (via pulchritudinis). Postuluje to nowe Dyrektorium o katechizacji z 2020 roku. Przedstawiając źródła katechezy, ...wskazuje, iż są nimi nie tylko słowo Boże w Piśmie Świętym i w świętej Tradycji, Magisterium Kościoła, liturgia, świadectwo świętych i męczenników, teologia i kultura chrześcijańska, ale także piękno. Temu ostatniemu poświęca cztery akapity (nr 106–109). Artykuł dokonuje szczegółowej analizy tego tekstu. Odpowiada na pytanie, kto jest źródłem piękna. Ukazuje trzy transcendentalia: prawdę (verum), dobro (bonum) i piękno (pulchrum), które muszą rozbłysnąć, aby przepowiadanie Zmartwychwstałego mogło dotrzeć do głębi ludzkiego serca. W końcu stawia tezę o konieczności wprowadzenia współczesnej katechizacji na drogę piękna. Podkreślenie piękna jako źródła katechezy jest ważnym elementem refleksji podjętej w nowym Dyrektorium. Wiara rodzi się bowiem nie tylko ex auditu, ale także ex visu. Stąd też droga piękna jest bardzo pomocna we współczesnej formacji katechetycznej głęboko osadzonej w kulturze medialnej i cyfrowej.
This article draws attention to the spaces in-between and employees’ lived experiences of liminal spaces at work. It illustrates how and why liminal spaces are used and made meaningful by workers, in ...contrast to the dominant spaces that surround them. Consequently, the article extends the concept of liminality and argues that when liminal spaces are constructed, by workers, as vital and meaningful to their everyday lives they cease to be liminal spaces and instead become ‘transitory dwelling places’. In order to examine this shift from ambiguous space to meaningful place, the works of Casey (1993), amongst others, are used to make further sense of the space/materiality/work nexus in organizational life. This article is based on empirical data gathered from a nine-month study of hairdressers working in hair salons and explores the function and meaning of liminal spaces used by hairdressers in their everyday lives. The contribution of this article is three-fold; it argues that space is not just about dominant spaces; it extends the concept of liminality; and in connection with the latter, it demonstrates how transitory dwelling places offer fertile ground in which we might further develop our knowledge of the lived experiences of space at work.
Research shows negative correlations between media exposure of body images in the context of hegemonic beauty ideals and body satisfaction. The present study deals with the underlying mechanisms and ...the effects of different exposure contents. In the online experimental study, a sample consisting of 226 individuals (82.3% female, 17.7% male) received a three-minute exposure to Instagram images of women and men in the context of either hegemonic beauty ideals in the experimental group or body diversity in the control group. A conducted Mixed ANOVA with repeated measures showed significant group differences, including an increase in body dissatisfaction in the experimental group and a reduction in the control group after exposure. Statistically significant detrimental effects of exposure to images in the experimental group on women's state mood as well as descriptive similar tendencies on men's state mood were found. Moderating effects of the tendency to make upward social comparisons and the internalization of the gender-specific beauty ideal on the relationship between exposure content and the change scores of body dissatisfaction were found. Furthermore, a mediation model was calculated to investigate the effect of exposure content on post-measurement of body dissatisfaction, using the constructs "comparison processes regarding sexual attractiveness" and "assessment of one's own sexual attractiveness" as mediators. The model did not yield significant mediation, although significant relationships were found between the model components. Exploratory analyses were conducted on the influence of the assessment of one's own sexual attractiveness on related social comparisons and the intensity of engagement with Instagram content as a predictor of body dissatisfaction. The results highlight the relevance for psychoeducational purposes of addressing a critical engagement with depicted beauty ideals in social media. Moreover, the study proposes body diversity as an alternative content that can have a positive impact on body satisfaction, which can be actively sought during the individual Instagram user experience.
Different forms of attractors, or basins of attraction, in chaotic systems often bring people the enjoyment of beauty. This attraction is reminiscent of ancient Chinese poetry and introduces people ...to a poetic and magical world, bringing them a sense of wonder and enlightenment. In this work, some cases of the beauty of chaos, including forms of symmetry, asymmetry, conditional symmetry, and extension, are demonstrated. The chaos theory of science and engineering and the art of literature are innovatively combined and integrated here. The unique charm of chaotic attractors is revealed and endowed to the artistic realm of ancient Chinese poetry, helping people to understand the poetic beauty of the chaotic world. Through bold association and imagination, chaotic attractors are endowed with fresh vitality, thus showing people a world of artistic space that is full of fantasy.
This article introduces a Special Issue comprising four papers emerging from the Beauty Demands Network project, and maps key issues in the beauty debate. The introduction first discusses the purpose ...of the Network; to consider the changing demands of beauty across disciplines and beyond academia. It then summarises the findings of the Network workshops, emphasising the complex place of notions of normality, and the different meanings and functions attached to ‘normal’ in the beauty context. Concerns are raised here about the use of normal to justify and motivate engaging in beauty practices such as cosmetic surgery and ‘non-invasive’ procedures. Other workshop findings included the recognition of beauty as increasingly a global value rather than a culturally distinct ideal, and the understanding that there is no clear distinction between beauty practices that are considered standard and those that are considered extreme. These themes, especially the concerns around understanding of normal, are reflected in the recommendations made by the Network in its Briefing Paper, which are presented next in this introduction. A further theme picked up by these recommendations is the extent to which individuals who are not traditionally vulnerable may be so in the beauty context. Finally, the introduction highlights the key matters covered in the four papers of the Special Issue: regulatory concerns around cosmetic surgery tourism; the impact of digitally altered images from psychological and philosophical perspectives; the ethics of genetic selection for fair skin; and the attraction and beauty of the contemporary athletic body.
This production study utilizes postfeminist theory as a lens for seeing ‘beauty work’ on YouTube via the multi-channel network (MCN) ICON Network, a collaboration between the production company ...Endemol Shine and beauty YouTuber Michelle Phan. By bringing to focus the unique year of 2015–2016 when YouTube beauty production was largely produced within MCNs, the study sets the stage for the proceeding professionalization of YouTube content creation under legacy production and distribution companies in the 2020s. In-depth producer interviews with ICON management and YouTubers illuminated MCN business practices and producer perceptions of YouTube beauty production. Interview data was analyzed for its articulation within ICON as a postfeminist media culture (Gill, 2007) through (a) work conditions of beauty video production and (b) best practices of beauty video production. Results indicate that ICON is a site where the markers of feminism, postfeminism, and transnational feminism intersect and collide. These intersections contextualize today’s beauty influencing landscape which pushes for independence from MCNs, transparency, and authenticity.
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