Three types of composite films of CoSe2 and carbon (CoSe2/C), which have different morphologies, were obtained on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates via a simple two-step synthesis, i.e., ...first a pulse-potential electro-deposition and then an annealing process. A two-stage growth mechanism is proposed: stage 1 involves the formation of three types of CoSe2/C films consisting of nanowalls through an electro-deposition process, by using bathes with different pH values; stage 2 involves “morphological transformation” of the films in an annealing process. After the annealing, nanograin (NG)-like, nanorock (NR)-like, and nanoclimbing-wall (NCW)-like films of CoSe2/C were obtained on the FTO substrates. The film of CoSe2/C-NCW exhibits a great conductivity, a good intrinsic heterogeneous rate constant, a large effective surface area, and thereby an excellent electro-catalytic ability toward triiodide (I3−) reduction. All the annealed CoSe2/C films were used as the counter electrodes (CEs) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The DSSC with the CoSe2/C-NCW exhibits the highest solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency (η) of 8.92±0.03%, which is found to be even higher than that of the cell with a platinum (Pt) CE (8.25±0.03%). The CoSe2/C-NCW was further electro-deposited onto two low-cost, highly porous, and flexible substrates, i.e., nickel foam (NF) and carbon cloth (CC). Each tiny part of the NF or the CC is observed to be covered with the CoSe2/C-NCW, as in a core shell structure, where NF or CC is the core and CoSe2/C-NCW is the shell. The DSSC with the CoSe2/C-NCW on NF exhibits a very high η of 10.46±0.23% at 1sun and an η of 7.90±0.05% at 0.2sun. The low-weight CC rendered for its DSSC a high η of 9.87±0.06% at 1sun and an η of 7.83±0.03% at 0.2sun. The low cost CoSe2/C-NCW is an attractive replacement for the expensive Pt for DSSCs, and is also suitable for outdoor, indoor, or wearable DSSCs.
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•Nanograin, nanorock and nanoclimbing-wall-like CoSe2/C films were grown onto FTO.•The amount of carbon deposited on the composite film determines its morphology.•Nanoclimbing-wall-like film shows large active surface area and catalytic ability.•DSSC with nanoclimbing-wall-like CoSe2/C CE shows a high efficiency of 8.92±0.03%.•DSSC with CoSe2/C-NCW on nickel foam exhibits a very high η of 10.46±0.23%.
La práctica de la escalada es una actividad que se va introduciendo en los centros educativos de forma paulatina. No es frecuente que colegios e institutos dispongan de la instalación necesaria para ...este tipo de actividad, pero cada vez son más los que emplazan rocódromos para iniciar al alumnado en esta atractiva modalidad deportiva. El diseño de una progresión didáctica bien planificada nos facilitará aprovechar las enormes posibilidades pedagógicas de la escalada. Igualmente una adecuada progresión de trabajo en el rocódromo nos dará la oportunidad de salir del centro educativo para practicar la escalada, con nuestro alumnado, en plena la naturaleza. En ella la actividad se muestra de forma real, donde la facilidad de agarre de las presas del rocódromo queda sustituida por la áspera y difícil roca. No debemos olvidar que el objetivo final, que da sentido a todo nuestro trabajo, debe ser el de salir con nuestro alumnado a practicar Actividad física en el Medio Natural, en este caso escalada.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- King George V attending a sports day organised for Australian troops. He is standing at the far right of the photograph. A crowd ...consisting of soldiers, with a few women and children, watch as one of the events takes place. Soldiers were encouraged to take part in recreational activities. Sports days were considered good for morale and an opportunity for the men to relax and momentarily forget the war. Original reads: 'OFFICIAL PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN ON THE BRITISH WESTERN FRONT. H.M. watching full packed infantrymen going over a wall at the sports held by the Australians.'.- Electronic reproduction of:; H.M. watching full packed infantrymen going over a wall at the sports held by the Australians.; 1 photograph : black and white ; 16.90 x 21.70 cm.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- ES El presente trabajo expone la creación de una Aplicación Móvil dirigida a un público deportista, concretamente a los deportistas ...que se dedican profesional o aficionada al deporte de escalado en montaña o rocódromo. El objetivo de la aplicación es hacer un seguimiento de entrenamiento y poder crear un plan de entrenamiento adaptado a cada deportista. Para garantizar la precisión de los diagnósticos de los entrenamientos, se ha basado en un protocolo de pruebas físicas basadas en validaciones científicas por Pedro Bergua (Doctor en Ciencias del Deporte y entrenador profesional). Se analizará el estado físico del deportista mediante pruebas “Autotest” creadas por el Dr. Pedro Bergua. Dicha APP interactua con una tabla fabricada por la empresa “Eurohold Climbing”.- EN This project exposes the development of a Mobile Application for people who are dedicated professional or amateur to the sport of climbing in a mountain or in climbing walls. The aim of the Application is to track the training and to create a training plan adapted to each athlete. To ensure the accuracy, the diagnosis of training has been based on a protocol of physical tests based on scientific validation by Pedro Bergua (Doctor of Sport Science and professional coach). The physical state of the athlete will be analyzed through ¿Autotest¿ created by Dr. Pedro Bergua. This App interacts with a board manufactured by the Company ¿Eurohold Climbing¿.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
A camp that is establishing a challenge course or climbing wall must ensure program safety. Discusses financial planning, selecting a contractor, adhering to standards for construction, inspections, ...staff training, screening of participants, and the administrative challenge of implementing and documenting proper actions. Sidebar discusses a study on the effects of modeling in adventure education. (TD)
A postal survey was carried out of the 90 most accessible climbing walls in England, Scotland and Wales to determine the incidence and nature of injuries requiring emergency treatment associated with ...their use. Over a two year period, representing 1.021 million visits to the 56 walls used by more than 30 climbers per week, 55 significant injuries were recorded. The rate of injury was not related to any identified design or safety feature of the walls, although upper limb injuries were proportionally more common in walls which provided thinner fixed landing mats rather than thicker, moveable crash mats. The overall rate of injury was very low and climbers seem to modify risk taking behaviour and thus compensate for the level of safety equipment available. It may be possible to reduce the injury rate further by providing seamless ground cover with matting of adequate energy absorbency.
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