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•Zn, Cu, and Mn substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by sol–gel method.•Antimicrobial activity of the ferrites against selected pathogens was studied.•Of the ...prepared ferrites, zinc cobalt ferrite (ZCFO) possessed strongest antimicrobial activity.•Irradiation at 150kGy decreased ZCFO particle size and elevated its antimicrobial potential.
Metal-substituted cobalt ferrites MxCo(1−x)Fe2O4 (M=Zn, Cu, Mn; x=0.0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75) were synthesized via a sol–gel technique. The ferrite structures were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, surface analysis using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity of these ferrites against selected pathogenic microbes was determined. The structures remained cubic spinel phases after substitution of metals. Substitution strongly influenced the microstructure and homogeneous grain distribution. The particle size of the ferrites increased linearly with increase in their annealing temperature. The surface area of zinc cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (ZCFO) was 52.56m2/g, the average pore size was 1.84nm, and pore volume was 0.136mL/g. All ferrites showed antimicrobial activity toward all pathogens selected. Of these, the most powerful was ZCFO, showing zones of inhibition of 13.0mm against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus and 12.0mm against Candida albicans. Gamma-irradiated ZCFO nanoparticles (150.0kGy) maintained higher antimicrobial activity than non-irradiated particles, e.g. being active toward S. aureus (16.0mm). ZCFO is proposed as a candidate material for industrial and biomedical purposes.
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•CoFe2O4 was fabricated and evaluated in heterogeneous SO4―-based advanced oxidation process.•Possible mechanism was investigated by radical trapping and quantification of SO4―.•The ...presence of Cl− and HCO3− could enhance the mineralization of BPA.•The acute toxicity was significantly decreased after treatment of BPA.•CoFe2O4/PMS was applied for the removal of various contaminants of concern in actual water.
Cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 catalyst was fabricated and systematically investigated as an efficient peroxymonosulfate (PMS, HSO5−) activator for the degradation of recalcitrant organic contaminants (ROCs) in water treatment. Both SO4− and OH on the surface of catalyst were unveiled to be primarily responsible for bisphenol A (BPA) degradation by a comprehensive study using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), radical scavengers and quantification of SO4−, and the negligible contribution of singlet oxygen (1O2) was also observed. BPA degradation was accelerated in the presence of humic acid, and it increased first but then decreased with the further addition of fulvic acid. Moreover, the presence of chloride and bicarbonate ions can enhance both BPA and TOC removal. The toxicity of the target aqueous solution ascended slowly at the early stage but then declined dramatically and almost vanished as the reaction proceeded. The removal efficiencies of other typical ROCs (clofibric acid, 2,4-dichlorophenol, etc.) and the decontamination of natural surface water spiked with BPA were also evaluated. This CoFe2O4/PMS process could be well applied as a safe, efficient, and sustainable approach for ROCs remediation in complex wastewater matrix.
Recovery and reusability of catalysts is an important aspect in modern catalysis research especially in organic synthesis. Compared to the conventional separation, magnetic separation has emerged as ...a robust, highly efficient, easy and rapid separation technique for products and catalysts. Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are a well-known material, recognized as CoFe
MNPs, and can be used as both catalyst and a versatile support for functionalization of metals, organocatalysts. In recent times, catalysis research has clearly experienced a renaissance in the area of utility of cobalt ferrite (CoFe
MNPs) nanocatalysts based on their ability for recovery and reusability; the activity of these CoFe
MNPs was investigated in a category of organic reactions. In this review, the fabrication, characterization, and application of cobalt ferrite (CoFe
MNPs) nanocatalysts (CF-MNPs) in organic reactions have well summarized.
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•Hydroxylamine (HA) accelerated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation with CoFe2O4.•Co(II)/Fe(III) cycle on the surface of CoFe2O4 was promoted by HA.•Sulfate radical was major reactive ...substance in CoFe2O4/PMS/HA system.•Pathway of sulfamethoxazole degradation was investigated using LC-MS and IC.
Hydroxylamine (HA), which is a reductant for the heterogeneous catalysts, was used to increase the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) by cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) to degrade sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Here we added HA to increase the efficiency of Fe3+/PMS system. The CoFe2O4-PMS system with 0.1 g/L of CoFe2O4, 1 mM of PMS, and 0.1 mM of HA completely removed 20 mg/L of SMX at pH 5 in 120 min. This system showed higher SMX-degradation efficiency than other cobalt oxides and iron oxides. This increased SMX-degradation efficiency was attributed to the inhibition of self-decomposed radicals and the increased Fe3+/Fe2+ and Co2+/Co3+ redox cycles of CoFe2O4 due to the reducing power of HA. Additionally, CoFe2O4 exhibited superb reactivity during six successive degradation cycles when it was applied in a real water system. The degradation mechanism of SMX was assessed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This study provided a practical and novel strategy for the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP).
•The easily separable CoFe2O4 NPs were facilely prepared.•The CoFe2O4 exhibited excellent PMS activation performance towards CR degradation.•Various inorganic anions exerted little influence on the ...CoFe2O4/PMS system.•The CoFe2O4/PMS system performed well over a wide range of pH.•The CR degradation mechanism and ecotoxicological assessment was investigated.
Development of an effective catalyst is essential to eliminate the risks to ecological environment and human health caused by the accumulation of azo dyes in environmental water. Herein, the cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs), facilely prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal procedure, were developed for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation towards Congo red (CR) degradations. The key experimental parameters were comprehensively investigated to optimize the degradation performance for CR in CoFe2O4/PMS system. Under optimal conditions, the CoFe2O4 NPs exhibited an excellent capability for PMS activation to degrade CR with the degradation efficiency of nearly 100 % in a wide range of pH values (3.0–9.0). The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and quenching experiments confirmed that the entire CR degradation process was dominantly by the non-radical (1O2) and surface-bound SO4·−and ·OH. CoFe2O4 NPs displayed the remarkable stability and reusability, with degradation efficiency of 85.5 % even after six recycles. The possible degradation pathway in CR degradation process was proposed, and the qualitative analysis and ecotoxicity of the degradation intermediates were investigated. This work provided a facile and green strategy to prepare a prospective catalyst for the efficient removal of azo dyes by PMS activation.
In this study, the hyperthermia efficiency of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (CFNPs) was enhanced by narrowing their size distribution and increasing their magnetic moment. The CFNPs were synthesized using ...the solvothermal reflux method. The NPs were crystallized in the face-centered cubic spinel structure (lattice parameter of 8.373 Å) and had a particle size of ~10 nm, as revealed by the X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results, respectively. The high-resolution TEM images of the NPs revealed their single crystal nature. The infrared absorption bands above 700 cm−1 confirmed the formation of octahedral and tetrahedral ligands on the surface of the NPs. The thermal analysis profiles of the synthesized NPs showed that the surface ligands decomposed at approximately 360 °C. The nanocolloids prepared using the NPs showed stable dispersion with a zeta potential of −17.7 mV. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results revealed the presence of Co2+, Fe3+, and O2− in the NPs. The NPs existed in the superparamagnetic state with a maximum mass magnetization of 71 emu g−1, which is close to the theoretical value. The magnetic hyperthermia property of the NPs was investigated by determining their specific heat generation rate (SHGR) under biocompatible alternate magnetic field parameters. The NPs were capable of heating 185.32 W g−1. This value is greater than the SHGR reported previously for CFNPs synthesized by other methods.
The detection and measurement of low concentrations of arsenic (V) are the subjects of intense research interest in chemistry and environmental activity. In this research, a ...polypyrrole-chitosan/cobalt ferrite nanoparticles composite layer was prepared using an electrodeposition method on a gold-coated glass slide. The composite layer was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersed spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and a high surface stylus profilometer. The composite layer was used to detect the arsenic in water, and the sensor limitation was about 0.001ppm. The composite layer was tested using atomic-force microscopy before and after the detection of arsenic. As a result, the roughness was disoriented, as the arsenic was bound on the surface of the composite layer.
•A PPy-Chi/CoFe2O4 nanoparticle composite layer was prepared using an electrodeposition method•The composite layer was used to detect the arsenic in water, and the sensor limitation was about 0.001ppm.•The composite layer was tested using atomic-force microscopy before and after the detection of arsenic.•The PPy-Chi/CoFe2O4 nanoparticle composite layer had adsorbed the As(V) in aqueous solution.
A new type of magnetic mixed matrix cation exchange membrane was prepared by incorporating cobalt ferrite nanoparticles for chromium ions removal via electrodialysis. The CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were ...synthesized via a simple chemical precipitation method. The synthesized nanoparticles and mixed matrix lab-made membranes were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, EDX, SEM and SOM. The images showed a uniform particle distribution and a relatively uniform surface for the prepared membranes. Utilizing CoFe2O4 nanoparticles in the membrane matrix led to increase of the membrane electrical conductivity and surface hyrophilicity. The membrane potential, charge density, permselectivity, transport number, ion exchange capacity and water content in the membrane were enhanced by using CoFe2O4 nanoparticles loading ratios up to 2 wt% and then decreased again for concentrations above 2 wt%. The sodium flux was also increased sharply by using cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in the membrane matrix. The magnetic PVC-CoFe2O4 membrane showed more dialytic rate in chromium ions removal compared to pristine PVC membrane which could be linked to strong affinity of magnetic nanoparticles in heavy metal ions adsorption.
•New type of magnetic IEMs fabricated by synthesized CoFe2O4 nanoparticles.•SEM images showed a uniform particle size (∼37 nm) for synthesized CoFe2O4.•High sodium flux and conductivity were observed for modified IEMs.•IEC & permselectivity enhanced by use of CoFe2O4 up to 2 %wt and then declined.•PVC-CoFe2O4 membrane showed more dialytic rate in chromium ions removal.
Nanoparticle‐based magnetic hyperthermia is a well‐known thermal therapy platform studied to treat solid tumors, but its use for monotherapy is limited due to incomplete tumor eradication at ...hyperthermia temperature (45 °C). It is often combined with chemotherapy for obtaining a more effective therapeutic outcome. Cubic‐shaped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (Co–Fe NCs) serve as magnetic hyperthermia agents and as a cytotoxic agent due to the known cobalt ion toxicity, allowing the achievement of both heat and cytotoxic effects from a single platform. In addition to this advantage, Co–Fe NCs have the unique ability to form growing chains under an alternating magnetic field (AMF). This unique chain formation, along with the mild hyperthermia and intrinsic cobalt toxicity, leads to complete tumor regression and improved overall survival in an in vivo murine xenograft model, all under clinically approved AMF conditions. Numerical calculations identify magnetic anisotropy as the main Co–Fe NCs’ feature to generate such chain formations. This novel combination therapy can improve the effects of magnetic hyperthermia, inaugurating investigation of mechanical behaviors of nanoparticles under AMF, as a new avenue for cancer therapy.
Trimodal cancer therapy using cobalt ferrite nanocubes (Co–Fe NCs) is proposed. Heat damage by mild hyperthermia effect; mechanical damage by collective movement of unique chains formed during hyperthermia treatment; and intrinsic cobalt toxicity by the slow and controlled degradation of nanoparticle within a tumor, all lead to a reduced tumor burden and improved overall survival in a preclinical animal model.
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•Magnetic CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA was prepared via the surface layer-by-layer modification method.•Danurobicin was loaded at about 53.7% on CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA ...(DNR@CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA).•DNR@CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA displayed a high opportunity for DNR release in a simulated tumor medium.•Based on finding the CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA can be proposed for synergistic antibacteria-chemo therapy.
Considering the importance of the systems with both antibacterial and controlled delivery properties, herein, a new multifunctional nanosystem was designed and fabricated benefiting from the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe2O4), starch (St), covalent organic framework (COF), and hyaluronic acid (HA) features. The physicochemical characterization confirmed the success of the sample synthesis. The SEM analysis established the spherical shape of the constructed samples. The mean hydrodynamic particle size of 481 nm was determined for the CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA. BET analysis obtained the surface area and mean pore diameter respectively 55.458 m2/g and 6.3855 nm. The saturation magnetization of 15.75 emu/g can approve the targeted drug delivery potential of CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA. Daunorubicin (DNR), a model anticancer drug was loaded ∼53.7% on the final system (DNR@CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA). The drug delivery studies revealed more DNR release in simulated tumor cell conditions with respect to normal conditions. More importantly, the outcome of the MTT and DAPI tests exhibited that the CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA is biocompatible with MDA-MB 231 cells, while the DNR -loaded CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA leads to further inhibition of cell proliferation. The inherent antibacterial potential was detected in both S. aureus and E. coli strains. Altogether, the achieved results can propose that the CoFe2O4@St@COF(DtTb)-HA holds great potential as a carrier for cancer therapy without any concerns about bacterial infections.
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