While it is recognized that language can pose a barrier to the transfer of scientific knowledge, the convergence on English as the global language of science may suggest that this problem has been ...resolved. However, our survey searching Google Scholar in 16 languages revealed that 35.6% of 75,513 scientific documents on biodiversity conservation published in 2014 were not in English. Ignoring such non-English knowledge can cause biases in our understanding of study systems. Furthermore, as publication in English has become prevalent, scientific knowledge is often unavailable in local languages. This hinders its use by field practitioners and policy makers for local environmental issues; 54% of protected area directors in Spain identified languages as a barrier. We urge scientific communities to make a more concerted effort to tackle this problem and propose potential approaches both for compiling non-English scientific knowledge effectively and for enhancing the multilingualization of new and existing knowledge available only in English for the users of such knowledge.
To determine differences in cataract surgery outcomes between English proficient (EP) and limited English proficiency (LEP) patients.
Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, Aurora, Colorado.
Retrospective.
...Patients who underwent phacoemulsification at the Sue Anschutz-Rogers Eye Center between January 2014 and February 2020 were included. Patients who self-identified as needing or preferring an interpreter in medical encounters were defined as LEP. Differences in surgical characteristics and outcomes including cataract maturity, surgical complexity, and surgical complications were analyzed.
868 eyes (6.4%) were identified from LEP patients. LEP patients were more likely to have mature cataracts (5.1% vs 2.3%, P < .0001). LEP patients' surgeries were more likely to be considered complex (27.8% vs 15.3%, P < .0001) and use higher cumulative dissipated energy (mean of 9.5 SD = 9.5 vs 7.2 SD = 7.1, P < .0001). Preoperative visual acuity was worse in LEP patients (logMAR 0.566 SD = 0.64 vs 0.366 SD = 0.51, P < .0001) but showed greater improvement after surgery (logMAR 0.366 SD = 0.54 vs 0.254 SD = 0.41, P < .0001). There were no significant differences in operative time, intraoperative or postoperative complications. More LEP patients were on steroids 4 weeks postoperatively when compared with EP patients (14.6% vs 10.1%, P < .0002). LEP patients were less likely to undergo subsequent YAG capsulotomy (7.3% vs 12.8%, P < .0001).
Disparities in cataract outcomes between EP and LEP patients was demonstrated. Further research into ophthalmic health disparities for LEP patients is needed to understand the root causes and how they can be addressed.
Przedstawiciele pokolenia Z wchodzą obecnie do organizacji z określonymi oczekiwaniami, umiejętnościami oraz kompetencjami. Warunkują one sposób zachowania i budowania relacji między nimi a innymi ...pracownikami, a także przełożonymi w każdej organizacji. Stąd celem rozważań jest analiza i klasyfikacja barier komunikacyjnych z pokoleniem Z. Na początku w wyniku krytycznej analizy literatury przedstawiono kontekst różnic pokoleniowych oraz opisano bariery komunikacyjne. Następnie ukazano autorski podział barier komunikacyjnych z pokoleniem Z oraz opisano jego najważniejsze elementy. Na koniec przedstawiono rekomendacje dotyczące komunikacji z pokoleniem Z w organizacjach dla menedżerów różnego szczebla oraz firm szkoleniowych w zakresie szkolenia kadry menedżerskiej. Posiadanie wiedzy z zakresu barier w komunikacji z pokoleniem Z pozwala na podejmowanie strategicznych i naprawczych działań w celu usprawnienia procesów komunikacyjnych na wszystkich poziomach funkcjonowania organizacji.
The representatives of Generation Z are entering the organization now with the specific expectations, skills and competences. They determine the manner of behavior and building relationships between them and other employees, as well as superiors in each organization. Hence, the aim of the considerations is to analyze and classify communication barriers with the Generation Z. At the beginning, as a result of a critical analysis of the literature, the context of generation differences was presented and communication barriers were described. Then, the author presents the division of communication barriers with the Generation Z and describes its most important elements. Finally, there were presented the recommendations for managers of different levels and training companies in the field of management training regarding communication with Generation Z in organizations. The knowing of communication barriers with Generation Z allows to take strategic and corrective actions in order to improve communication processes at all levels of the organization's functioning.
Stéphanie Larchanché is a medical anthropologist and therapist who specializes in the study of cultural representations of illness and care strategies in a migratory context, particularly in mental ...health. Currently a consultant, independent trainer and head of research at Sigmund-Freud University-Paris, she has, for twelve years, directed training, teaching and research activities at the Françoise-Minkowska medical-psychological center in Paris. She is also an administrator of the ISM-Interpretariat association, and has a pertinent view of the role played by the interpreter with the health professional and his patient. The following interview took place before she left the Minkowska Center.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the use of facemasks have caused many communication challenges for pediatric nurses. The purpose of this study was to investigate these challenges and the strategies that ...nurses use to overcome them during the nursing care of sick children.
This was a qualitative study using conventional content analysis. The nurses were selected by purpose-based sampling and interviewed semi-structurally between April and June 2023 at the Children's Educational Therapy Center in Tabriz, Iran. The sample size was determined by the data saturation principle. The report of this research followed the COREQ guidelines.
Twelve nurses were interviewed. The analysis revealed four main categories: “Disturbances in communication”, “Disturbances in trust”, “Disturbances in providing care”, and “Nurses' strategies to mitigate the challenges of mask usage. To solve the challenges caused by the mask, nurses used solutions such as removing the mask and mitigating the adverse effects of mask usage they used. The central theme of the study was “Humanistic care requires trust-based communication”.
This study highlights the communication challenges faced by pediatric nurses due to mask-wearing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these challenges, nurses have developed innovative strategies to improve communication and build trust with their young patients. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of these strategies.
These strategies can be useful for other nurses who work with children in similar conditions. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of these strategies in different settings and populations.
•Wearing a mask has caused communication disturbances between the nurse and the child.•Disruption in communication has caused a lack of trust between the child and the nurse.•Disruption in communication and the child's lack of trust in the nurse has led to disruption in care.•Nurses used solutions to overcome communication problems caused by wearing masks.
Background
Approximately 25 million people in the USA are limited English proficient (LEP). When LEP patients receive care from physicians who are truly language concordant, some evidence show that ...language disparities are reduced, but others demonstrate worse outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to compare the impact of language-concordant care for LEP patients with that of other interventions, including professional and ad hoc interpreters.
Methods
Data was collected through a systematic review of the literature using PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE in October 2017. The literature search strategy had three main components, which were immigrant/minority status, language barrier/proficiency, and healthcare provider/patient relationship. The quality of the articles was appraised using the Downs and Black checklist.
Results
The 33 studies were grouped by the outcome measure studied, including quality of care (subdivided into primary care, diabetes, pain management, cancer, and inpatient), satisfaction with care/communication, medical understanding, and mental health. Of the 33, 4 (6.9%) were randomized controlled trials and the remaining 29 (87.9%) were cross-sectional studies. Seventy-six percent (25/33) of the studies demonstrated that at least one of the outcomes assessed was better for patients receiving language-concordant care, while 15% (5/33) of studies demonstrated no difference in outcomes, and 9% (3/33) studies demonstrated worse outcomes in patients receiving language-concordant care.
Discussion
The findings of this review indicate that, in the majority of situations, language-concordant care improves outcomes. Although most studies included were of good quality, none provided a standardized assessment of provider language skills. To systematically evaluate the impact of truly language-concordant care on outcomes and draw meaningful conclusions, future studies must include an assessment of clinician language proficiency. Language-concordant care offers an important way for physicians to meet the unique needs of their LEP patients.
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