Violent Affections uncovers techniques of power that work to translate emotions into violence against queer people. Based on analysis of over 300 criminal cases of anti-queer violence in Russia ...before and after the introduction of ‘gay propaganda’ law, the book shows how violent acts are framed in emotional language by perpetrators during their criminal trials. It then utilises an original methodology of studying ‘legal memes’ and argues that these individual affective states are directly connected to the political violence aimed at queer lives more generally. The main aim of Violent Affections is to explore the social mechanisms and techniques that impact anti-queer violence evidenced in the reviewed cases. Alexander Sasha Kondakov expands upon two sets of interdisciplinary literature – queer theory and affect theory – in order to conceptualise what is referred to as neo-disciplinary power. Taking the empirical observations from Russia as a starting point, he develops an original explanation of how contemporary power relations are changing from those of late modernity as envisioned by Foucault’s Panopticon to neo-disciplinary power relations of a much more fragmented, fluid and unstructured kind – the Memeticon. The book traces how exactly affections circulate from body to body as a kind of virus and eventually invade the body that responds with violence. In this analytic effort, it draws on the arguments from memetics – the theory of how pieces of information pass on from one body to another as they thrive to survive by continuing to resonate. This work makes the argument truly interdisciplinary.
Psychosis and homicide Kolsi, S.; Hentati, S.; Baati, I. ...
European psychiatry,
04/2021, Letnik:
64, Številka:
S1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Introduction Violence and crime committed by individuals with mental disorders has been the focus of growing interest among mental health professionals.Added to psychopathological disorders, ...individual, socio familial and therapeutic factors can be involved in the criminogenic risk. Objectives To assess the characteristics of homicide in Tunisian patients with psychosis and to establish their sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics. Methods We reported7cases of patients who attended Psychiatric department“A”at the Hedi Chaker university hospital in Sfax,Tunisia,between January2014 and September2019.They were hospitalized for committing homicide and penal irresponsibility was recognized. Results The homicide acts were matricide in 3cases, parricide in one case and conjugal homicide in one case.The homicide was not premeditated, committed by using knife weapon in 3cases and a blunt object in 4cases.The crime was done in the family home in the majority of cases(71.42%). The average age of patients was 34years. They were in almost cases(85.71%) male. Six patients (85.71%) had very low educational and income levels. They were mostly unmarried(71.42%)and unemployed(71.42%).Alcohol consumption was observed in3patients.However, we did not found any substance use. According to DSM-5,six patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia and one case with schizoaffective disorder.The majority(85.71%) had previous psychiatric folow-up. Furthermore, interruption of treatment was the rule.Five patients had a previous record of violent behavior towards the victim.Judicial history was notified among one patient.The persecution and influence delusion were found among 6cases. Conclusions Homicidal behavior is extremely rare.Evaluation of different variables of homicide’s act and offender is a fundamental issue for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies to deal with such criminal behavior. Disclosure No significant relationships.
Produsul interacțiunii mai multor minți poate fi unul extraordinar. Extraordinar în sens bun sau rău: aceasta este întrebarea? Dacă mințile care se reunesc sunt criminale, atunci rezultatul nu poate ...fi decât unul dezastruos. Cert este că produsul interacțiunii acestora, la nivel intelectiv și volitiv, reprezintă un pericol mult mai mare pentru valorile și relațiile sociale apărate de legea penală decât aceleași fapte comise de o singură persoană.În căutarea răspunsurilor, ne-am propus să examinăm conceptul de „mulțime criminală” din perspectiva psihologiei mulțimilor (maselor), psihologiei colective, raportându-l la normele din Partea generală a Codului penal al Republicii Moldova (în ceea ce privește unele forme ale participației), dar și, eventual, la unele norme din Partea specială. THE MYSTERY OF THE CRIMINAL CROWD: BETWEEN COLLECTIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND CRIMINAL LAWThe result of the interaction of several minds can be an extraordinary one. But the question lies in: is it extraordinary in the good or the bad sense? If the minds that come together are criminal, it is obvious that the result can only be a disastrous one.There is no doubt that the outcome of their contact at an intellectual and volitional level represents a much greater danger for the values and social relations defended by the criminal law in comparison with the same deeds committed by a single person.Looking for an answer, we decided to examine the concept of “criminal crowd” from the perspective of crowd psychology and collective psychology, referring it to the norms contained in the General Part of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, especially the ones regarding some forms of participation, but also to some norms from the Special Part.
Social capital is a characteristic of communities. Cross-sectional studies have shown that social capital is inversely associated with homicide and violent crime. We hypothesized that variations in ...social capital in US states over time can predict variations in regional homicide mortality both across and within time periods. We analyzed serial cross-sectional data for measures of social capital and age-adjusted homicide rates between 1974 and 1993. We used perception of social trust and per capita membership in voluntary associations, obtained from responses to the General Social Surveys, as the principal measures of social capital. We controlled for potential confounding by mean levels of income, urbanization, and region. Measures of perceived trust were strongly inversely correlated with homicide rates in an aggregate cross-sectional analysis (
r=−0.51,
p<0.001) and also within each time period. Social capital was an independent predictor of rates of violence when controlling for income, region, and urbanization
(
p<0.001)
. Homicide rates also predicted levels of social capital in adjusted models
(
p<0.001)
. To investigate directionality of this relationship we developed Markov transition matrices that described the change in the states’ levels of social capital and homicide across time intervals. Analysis of the transitional probabilities confirmed that a simple unidirectional association between social capital and violence was not sufficient to describe this association. There is likely an impact of violence on levels of perceived trust in communities that complements the hypothesized effect of social capital on homicide. We conclude that the relationship between social capital and violence over time is non-linear and dynamic. More complex analytic models describing the relationship between violence and ecological social determinants need to be considered.
At the heart of Joshua Weiner's new book is an extended poem with a bold political dimension and great intellectual ambition. It fuses the poet's point of view with Walt Whitman's to narrate a ...decentered time-traveling collage about Rock Creek, a tributary of the Potomac that runs through Washington, DC. For Weiner, Rock Creek is the location of myriad kinds of movement, streaming, and joining: personal enterprise and financial capital; national politics, murder, sex, and homelessness; the Civil War and collective history; music, spiritual awakening, personal memory, and pastoral vision. The questions that arise from the opening foundational poem inform the others in the collection, which range widely from the dramatic arrival of an uncanny charismatic totem that titles the volume to intimate reflections on family, illness, and dream visions. The virtues of Weiner's earlier books—discursive intelligence, formal control, an eccentric and intriguing ear, and a wide-ranging curiosity matched to variety of feeling—are all present here. But in The Figure of a Man Being Swallowed by a Fish, Weiner has discovered a new poetic idiom, one that is stripped down, rhythmically jagged, and comprehensively philosophical about human limits.
Despite having similar economies and political systems, high-income nations show persistent diversity. In this pioneering work, Fred C. Pampel looks at fertility, suicide, and homicide rates in ...eighteen high-income nations to show how they are affected by institutional structures. European nations, for example, offer universal public benefits for men and women who are unable to work and have policies to ease the burdens of working mothers. The United States, in contrast, does not. This study demonstrates how public policy differences such as these affect childbearing among working women, moderate pressures for suicide and homicide among the young and old, and shape sex difference in suicide and homicide. The Institutional Context of Population Change cuts across numerous political and sociological topics, including political sociology, stratification, sex and gender, and aging. It persuasively shows the importance of public policies for understanding the demographic consequences of population change and the importance of demographic change for understanding the consequences of public policies.
Research Summary:
Current knowledge about violence among public housing residents is extremely limited. Much of what we know about violence in and around public housing is derived from analysis of ...Uniform Crime Report (UCR) data or victimization surveys of public housing residents. The results of these studies suggest that fear of crime among public housing residents is high and that violent offense rates may be higher in areas that contain public housing compared with similar areas without public housing. Yet, “recorded crime rates (and victimization rates) are an index not of the rate of participation in crime by residents of an area, but of the rate of crime (or victimization) that occurs in an area whether committed by residents or non‐residents” (Weatherburn et al., 1999:259). Therefore, neither UCR nor victimization data measurement strategies address whether crime in and around public housing emanates from those who reside in public housing. Additionally, much of this research focuses on atypical public housing—large developments with high‐rise buildings located in major metropolitan areas. To complement the existing literature, we compare rates of self‐reported crime and violence among adolescents who reside in public housing in Rochester, N.Y., and Pittsburgh, Pa., with adolescents from the same cities who do not live in public housing. In Rochester, property crime and violence participation rates during adolescence and early adulthood among those in public housing are statistically equivalent to participation rates among those not in public housing. In Pittsburgh, living in public housing during late adolescence and early adulthood— particularly in large housing developments—increases the risk for violent offending, but not for property offending. The current study relies on a relatively small number of subjects in public housing at any single point in time and is based on cross‐sectional analyses. Even so, there are several important policy implications that can be derived from this study, given that it moves down a path heretofore largely unexplored.
Policy Implications:
If replicated, our findings indicate that not all public housing is inhabited disproportionately by those involved in crime; that to develop appropriate responses, it is essential to discover if the perpetrators of violence are residents or trespassers; that policy should target reducing violence specifically and not crime in general; that a modification to housing allocation policies that limits, to the extent possible, placing families with children in late adolescence into large developments might reduce violence perpetrated by residents; that limited resources directed at reducing violence among residents should be targeted at those developments or buildings that actually have high rates of participation in violence among the residents; and that best practices may be derived from developments where violence is not a problem.
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